Main 2 types of barriers in time management
Internal - Discipline, procrastination, lack of motivation.
External - Workload issues, available resources.
TM techniques
(Imp)
High Delegate Deal with them now
Low Delegate/cancel Delegate/ remove
(Urgency) -> Low High
Role of IT in improving personal effectiveness
- Video conferencing
- EDI (elect data interchange)
- Intranet
- Office automation
- Home working
Effects of individual ineffectiveness
- Unable to uphold deadlines, compromising quality of work
- Miscommunication between employees.
- Poor work ethics
- Unable to remain adept at core competence skills required.
Effects of team ineffectiveness
- Low productivity and motivation levels
- Diff to identify issues from operational level staff - slowing decision making
- Negative impact on reputation.
Impact of personal and continuous development (CPD)
- Minimizing of errors and improvement in quality of work done.
- Improves the customer service and satisfaction.
- Increases employee motivation and job satisfaction.
Mentoring
Coaching
Counselling
(a)
1. offers guidance, advice, support - learn and develop.
2. Practical advice, source of unbiased opinion, role model
(b)
1. focuses on the achievement of specified objectives.
2. Improving & sharpening skills
3. one to one, daily basis, ongoing.
4. by senior manager, person.
(c)
1. Helping another individual in order to solve an existing problem - thoughts, feelings
Traits of counsellor
DOISE
Discreet
Observant
Impartial
Sensitive
Empathetic
Steps of formulating Personal Development plan (PDP)
a. Analyze the current position - (SWOT)
b. Set goals to cover:
1. Performance in current job
2. Future changes in current role
3. Switching to another dept
4. Developing skills to advance.
c. Draw detailed actionable plan.
Goals must be..
SMART
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Timely
Types of conflicts
a. Vertical
Between different levels in the org.
Reasons:
1. Diff of opinion HR related
2. Miscommunication/lack - alienation of sub
3. Diff in personalities
b. Horizontal
Between same level in the org
Reason:
1. Scarcity of resources
2. Overlap of authority
3. Diff in personality
Conflict avoidance :
- Clear communication
- Adhering to rules and procedures
- Prompt allocation of resources
- No blaming each other.
Conflict management
- Denial
- Suppression
- Reduction/Nego - compromise
- Resolution - win-win solution
Communication Process
- Sender (encoder)
- Message
- Channel
- Receiver (decoder)
- Noise
- Feedback
Formal Communication:
Helps create a structure within the organization.
1. Vertical: Downwards or upwards
2. Horizontal: Similar level
3. Diagonal
Informal Communication
Satisfaction of one’s social needs.
Grapevine: web of social relationships that have been formed
1. Rumor
2. Gossip
Attributes of effective communication:
TARSUC
Timely
Accurate and complete
Relevant
Sent to right receiver
Understandable
Cost effective
Barriers to effective communication:
- Status
- Language
- Conflict
- Overload
- Distance
- Personal differences
Patterns of communication - Levitt
(a) Centralized:
Chain
Y
Wheel
(b) Decentralized:
Circle
Network
Levitt’s Conclusions:
Wheel:
Faster than others; Ideal for problem solving
Circle:
Slower than others; Highest level of satisfaction for individuals
Network:
Ideal for complex decision making; fairly high level of satisfaction
