1
Q
def agree():
return True
if agree():
print('Splendid!')
else:
print('That was unexpected')
A
Splendid!
2
Q
def agree():
return False
if agree():
print('Splendid!')
else:
print('That was unexpected')
A
That was unexpected
3
Q
def echo(anything):
return anything + ' ' + anything
print(echo("Rumplestiltskin"))
A
Rumplestiltskin Rumplestiltskin
4
Q
The values you pass into a function when you call it are known as ___
A
arguments
5
Q
Arguments are inside the function and ___ are outside the function
A
parameters
6
Q
def commentary(color):
if color == 'red':
return "It's a tomato."
elif color == "green":
return "It's a green pepper."
elif color == "bee purple":
return "I dont know what it is, but only bees can see it."
else:
return "I've never heard of the color " + color + "."
comment = commentary('blue')
print(comment)
A
I’ve never heard of the color blue.
7
Q
thing = None bool(thing) print(bool(thing))
A
False
8
Q
thing = None
if thing:
print("It's some thing")
else:
print("It's no thing")
A
It’s no thing
9
Q
thing = 0 print(bool(thing))
A
False
10
Q
thing = 0 print(thing == False)
A
True
11
Q
thing = 0 print(thing is False)
A
False
12
Q
thing = 1 print(bool(thing))
A
True
13
Q
thing = 1 print(thing == True)
A
True
14
Q
thing = 1 print(thing is True)
A
False
15
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis(None)
A
None
16
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print(“None”)
elif thing:
print(“true”)
else:
print(“false”)
whatis(True)
A
true
17
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis(False)
A
false
18
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis(0)
A
false
19
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis(0.0)
A
false
20
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis('')
A
false
21
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis("")
A
false
22
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis('''''')
A
false
23
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis(())
A
false
24
Q
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis([])
A
false
25
```
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis({})
```
false
26
```
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis(set())
```
false
27
```
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis(0.00001)
```
true
28
```
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis([0])
```
true
29
```
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis([''])
```
true
30
```
def whatis(thing):
if thing is None:
print("None")
elif thing:
print("true")
else:
print("false")
whatis(' ')
```
true
31
```
def menu(wine, entree, dessert):
return {'wine':wine,'entree':entree,'dessert':dessert}
print(menu('chardonnay','chicken','cake'))
```
{'wine': 'chardonnay', 'entree': 'chicken', 'dessert': 'cake'}
32
```
def menu(wine, entree, dessert):
return {'wine':wine,'entree':entree,'dessert':dessert}
print(menu('beef','bagel','bordeaux'))
```
{'wine': 'beef', 'entree': 'bagel', 'dessert': 'bordeaux'}
33
```
def menu(entree='beef',dessert='bagel',wine='bordeaux'):
return {'wine':wine,'entree':entree,'dessert':dessert}
print(menu(entree='burrito',dessert='ice cream',wine='red'))
```
{'wine': 'red', 'entree': 'burrito', 'dessert': 'ice cream'}
34
You can mix positional and keyword arguments
```
def menu(wine,entree,dessert):
return {'wine':wine,'entree':entree,'desert':dessert}
print(menu('frontenac',entree='fish',dessert='flan'))
```
{'wine': 'frontenac', 'entree': 'fish', 'desert': 'flan'}
35
Which argument is positional?
```
def menu(wine,entree,dessert):
return {'wine':wine,'entree':entree,'desert':dessert}
print(menu('frontenac',entree='fish',dessert='flan'))
```
frontenac
36
Notice the lack of dessert argument
```
def menu(wine,entree,dessert='pudding'):
return {'wine':wine,'entree':entree,'desert':dessert}
print(menu('chardonnay','chicken'))
```
{'wine': 'chardonnay', 'entree': 'chicken', 'desert': 'pudding'}
37
The argument is used instead of the default
```
def menu(wine,entree,dessert='pudding'):
return {'wine':wine,'entree':entree,'desert':dessert}
print(menu('dunkelfelder','duck','doughnut'))
```
{'wine': 'dunkelfelder', 'entree': 'duck', 'desert': 'doughnut'}
38
There are two functions. The goal is to run each time with a fresh empty result list, add the arg argument to it, and then print a single item list. Which function does this and why?
```
def buggy(arg, result=[]):
result.append(arg)
print(result)
buggy('a')
buggy('b')
```
```
def works(arg):
result = []
result.append(arg)
return result
print(works('a'))
print(works('b'))
```
Works. default parameter values are calculated when the function is defined, not when it is run. Therefore the function buggy still had a list item the second time it was called. The works function fixes the issue by creating a fresh empty list each time the function is called.
39
When would you create a c-style pointer with ctypes module?
When integrating python and C code.
40
What does an asterisk inside a function with a parameter do?
```
def print_args(*args):
print('Positional tuple:',args)
print_args(3,2,1,'wait!','uh...')
```
Groups a variable number of positional arguments into a single tuple of parameter values.
(3, 2, 1, 'wait!', 'uh...')
41
*args always goes at the end
```
def print_more(required1,required2,*args):
print('Need this one:', required1)
print('Need this one too:',required2)
print('All the rest:',args)
print_more('cap','gloves','scarf','monocle','mustache wax')
```
Need this one: (‘cap’)
Need this one too: (‘gloves’)
All the rest: ('scarf', 'monocle', 'mustache wax')
42
You can put keyword arguments into a dictionary where the arguments are the keys and their values are the corresponding dictionary values. What symbol do you use?
**
43
```
def print_kwargs(**kwargs):
print('Keyword arguments:',kwargs)
print_kwargs(wine='merlot',entree='mutton',dessert='macaroon')
```
Keyword arguments: {'wine': 'merlot', 'entree': 'mutton', 'dessert': 'macaroon'}
44
Where is ** syntax acceptable?
in a function call or definition
45
```
def print_data(data,/,start=0,end=100):
for value in (data[start:end]):
print(value)
data = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h']
print_data(data,2,4)
```
c
d
46
```
def print_data(data,/,start=0,end=100):
for value in (data[start:end]):
print(value)
data = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h']
print_data(data,end=5,start=3)
```
d
e
47
T/F start=0 and end=100 are optional
```
def print_data(data,/,start=0,end=100):
for value in (data[start:end]):
print(value)
data = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h']
print_data(data,end=5,start=3)
```
True
48
```
def print_data(data,/,start=0,end=100):
for value in (data[start:end]):
print(value)
data = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h']
print_data(data,end=4,start=0)
```
a
b
c
d
49
What does the * mean?
```
def print_data(data,*,start=0,end=100):
for value in (data[start:end]):
print(value)
data = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h']
print_data(data,end=4,start=0)
```
Adding a * in the function definition means that all the following parameters (in this example, start and end) must be provided as named arguments if we don’t want their default values:
50
What does the / mean?
```
def print_data(data,/,start=0,end=100):
for value in (data[start:end]):
print(value)
data = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h']
print_data(data,end=4,start=0)
```
You may want an argument to be in a defined position, and that requires the use of a single slash (/) just after the position-only parameters:
51
If an argument is mutable its value can be changed from ___ the function via its corresponding parameter
inside
Python
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