Articles

Question 1

winocur et al. (2007)

social/multi-modal

Answer 1

does multi-modal training (memory, goal attainment, psycho-social wellbeing) improve cognitive functioning and real-world outcomes in older adulthood?

• memory, goal attainment, psycho-social wellbeing
• early vs late training groups

Question 2

fried et al. (2004)

social engagement

Answer 2

can a program that emphasizes a social approach to health promo (experience corps) improve physical, cognitive, and social wellbeing in older adulthood?

• random assignment to EC or waitlist
• training and volunteering in schools
• social, physical, cognitive

Question 3

ball et al. (2002)

mental activity

Answer 3

to evaluate whether cognitive training interventions improve mental abilities and daily functioning in older, independently-living adults

• random assignment to memory training, reasoning training, speed of processing training
• boosters helped at years 1 and 2

Question 4

karback & kray (2009)

mental activity

Answer 4

to examine age-differences in

(i) training outcomes
(ii) training transfer and
(iii) how training strategies may interact with training outcomes

to investigate the range of training transfer (near and far)

• 3 age groups –> children, young adults, older adults
• pre-test (sessions 1-2), training (sessions 3-6), post-test (sessions 7-8)
• near transfer vs far transfer

Question 5

colcombe et al. (2004)

physical activity

Answer 5

does level of cardiac fitness correspond with efficiency in functional brain networks during cognitive task performance?

• flanker test, reaction time, incongruent vs congruent
• frontal/parietal increase and ACC decrease
  study 1:
• divided into low vs high cardiorespiratory fitness
• 1 mile walk test
  study 2:
• random assignment to CVF program or stretching/toning group (control)
• treadmill test

Question 6

boyke et al. (2008)

physical activity

Answer 6

given that brain and behavioural changes are known to occur in older adults, can structural neuroplasticity be demonstrated in this population?

• juggling vs control