Assumptions

Question 1

ASSUMPTION 1: BLANK SLATE

Answer 1

• tabula rasa - born with nothing
• nurture > nature
• environmental determinism - behaviour determined by environment we grew up in + association/reinforcement in childhood

Question 2

ASSUMPTION 2: CONDITIONING

Answer 2

• classical = learnt through association (pavlov + dogs)
• operant = learnt through reinforcement to increase behaviour (skinner box)
• positive/negative reinforcement = increase behaviour
• vicarious reinforcement = imitating due to reward
• punishment = reduce behaviour

Question 3

ASSUMPTION 3: ANIMALS

Answer 3

• study animals to generalise to humans
• classical = pavlov dogs applied to behaviourist therapies to overcome phobia e.g. systematic desensitisation = associate phobia with relaxation
• operant used in education and prisons (token economy)