Atomic Structure

Question 1

properties of electrons

Answer 1

• move around the nucleus in energy levels called shells
• negatively charged
• tiny but cover lots of space
• size of their orbit depends on the size of the atom
• virtually no mass

Question 2

properties of nucleus

Answer 2

• in the middle of the atom
• contains protons + neutrons
• has a positive charge because of protons
• almost the whole mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus
• tiny compared to the rest of the atom

Question 3

relative mass and relative charge : proton

Answer 3

1, +1

Question 4

relative mass and charge of neutron

Answer 4

1, 0

Question 5

relative mass and charge of electron

Answer 5

~0 , -1

Question 6

what does the nucleon number tell us?

Answer 6

total of protons + neutrons

Question 7

what does the proton number tell us?

Answer 7

total number of protons

Question 8

what happens when some electrons are added to or removed from the atom?

Answer 8

the atom becomes charged and is now an ion

Question 9

explain the meaning of the term isotope

Answer 9

isotopes are different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 10

what do two isotopes of each other have in common?

Answer 10

• have similar or identical chemical properties as they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell

Question 11

in what way are two isotopes of the same element different?

Answer 11

• have different physical properties as they have different masses