what’s the structure of ATP
adenine , ribose and three phosphates
describe the bonds between the phosphates
they are weak bonds and are easily hydrolysed
when the terminal is hydrolysed the energy released can be used by the organism or cell
explain the role of ATP hydrolase
ATP hydrolase catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP into ADP , energy and an inorganic phosphate ion
explain the role of ATP synthase
it can catalyse the addition of phosphate by condensation
this needs energy from respiration eg glucose
this makes ATP from the synthesis of ADP and an inorganic phosphate ion
why is ATP used as a universal energy source?
releases energy in small amounts
it is easily hydrolysed in one step to release ADP , pi and energy
when energy is released it can be quickly re-synthesised from ADP and Pi
it can’t leave cells through membranes
it phosphorylates other compounds making them more reactive
What’s the name of ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
What’s phosphorylation
It’s where the hydrolysis of ATP can be used to phosphorylate other compounds
The inorganic phosphate ion can be synthesised onto other compounds to make them more reactive
what are the advantages of ATP
- small and no energy is wasted
- soluble so can move around cell and provide energy
- has an immediate affect because only one bond needs to be broken
- atp can’t move out the cell so there’s a constant supply
what’s the roles of ATP in cells
- breaking bonds between the phosphate provides a small amount of energy which is released to surroundings and can be used in chemical reactions
- ATP can transfer energy because its inorganic phosphate ion can be bonded to other molecules to make them more reactive
