Attlee Part 2

Question 1

Housing under Attlee and the housing crisis

Answer 1

• Shortage of materials, workers and houses
• set up Pre-fab houses- 157,000 built
• Housing act 1949 enabled governments to buy houses in dismay and make repairs so that it could be inhibited again
• homeowners could apply for their homes to be improved

Question 2

New Towns Act

Answer 2

1946
-built 12 new towns

• condemned houses and moved people on mass
  e. g. east end to Basildon and Croydon to crawley
• creation of Hemel Hepstead and Harlow

Question 3

Nationalisation under Attlee

Answer 3

• declining core industries were nationalised to secure employment

coal, iron, gas, steel and electricity industries were put under state control and under governing bodies such as National Coal Board

• transport infrastructure was nationalised e.g. railways, buses, docks
• The Transport Act 1947 established the British Transport Commission (took over railways from GWR, London railways etc) -FAILED
• by 1947 20% of the national economy was controled by the state

Question 4

The winter of 1946-47

Answer 4

• 1947 has a very harsh winter, fuel shortage and financial crisis
• Labour introduced AUSTERITY measures(economic orthodoxy)
• e.g. perscription charges
• 1948 wage freeze

STREAMLINED EMPIRE- focus on imperial and foreign policy

‘Britain has reigned as world leader’ America

Question 5

The streamlined empire

Answer 5

• acts in a more imperialist manner than since Boer War.
• aims to keep britain as ‘third force in the world’
• spent 10% of GDP on defense

Question 6

Imperial developments under Attlee

Answer 6

• commited 30,000 troops to Malaya to fight communists
• cocoa produced in Africa double by 1950
• ‘East African Ground Nut Scheme’ - planted 1 million acres of ground nuts
• 1945 colonial development welfare act- improvements to colonies paid for by tax payers.

Question 7

Arthur Creech Jones

Answer 7

colonial secretary

given more money than anyone before

Question 8

Asisted passage under Attlee

Answer 8

5 million left UK
250,000 came to UK

• whites defended ‘racial supremecy’ in empire
• meant more jobs than workers

Question 9

Imperial development in the middle east under attlee

Answer 9

• 1949 Parlimentary committee proposed to take 82% of GB oil needs from middle east
• military bases built e.g. Egypt ,Iraq and Jordan