Multimedia > Audio > Flashcards

Audio Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

The fundamental component of modern digital media, encompassing all forms of sound used with other media like text, images, and video.

A

Multimedia Audio

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2
Q

The process of converting an analog sound wave into a digital signal.

A

Sampling

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3
Q

The sound wave’s amplitude is measured at regular intervals, with each measurement called a ________.

A

sample

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4
Q

The ________ (measured in Hertz (Hz)) determines how many samples are taken per second.

A

sampling rate

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5
Q

A __________ results in a more accurate digital representation of the original sound.

A

higher sampling rate

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6
Q

The process where each sample is assigned a numerical value after sampling.

A

Quantization

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7
Q

The number of bits used to represent each sample is the _______.

A

bit depth

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8
Q

A ______ allows for a wider range of values, resulting in a more precise representation of the sound’s amplitude and a lower level of noise.

A

higher bit depth

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9
Q

Stores audio data without any compression.

A

Uncompressed

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10
Q

Compresses data without losing any information. The original sound can be perfectly reconstructed.

A

Lossless Compression

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11
Q

Compresses data by discarding information considered inaudible to the human ear.

A

Lossy Compression

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12
Q

What are audio File Formats

A

Uncompressed
Lossless Compression
Lossy Compression

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13
Q

Examples of uncompressed

A

WAV (Waveform Audio File Format) and AIFF (Audio Interchange File Format).

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14
Q

Examples of lossless Compression

A

FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec) and Apple Lossless (ALAC).

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15
Q

Examples of lossy Compression

A

MP3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3), AAC (Advanced Audio Coding), and Ogg Vorbis.

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16
Q

Short clips representing specific actions or events (e.g., a button click, an explosion).

A

Sound Effects (SFX)

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17
Q

Music played continuously to set the mood or atmosphere.

A

Background Music (BGM)

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18
Q

Narration or dialogue added to a video or presentation to provide context.

A

Voice-over

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19
Q

The spoken words of characters.

A

Dialogue

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20
Q

What are the characteristics of sound waves

A

Frequency (Pitch)
Amplitude (Loudness)

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21
Q

A measure of how many vibrations occur in one second.

A

Frequency (Pitch)

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22
Q

The maximum displacement of a wave from an equilibrium position.

A

Amplitude (Loudness)

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23
Q

Measurements of frequency

A

Hertz

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24
Q

Measurements of amplitudes

A

Decibel

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25
Sounds below 20 Hz are _______.
infrasonic
26
Sounds above 20 kHz are ______.
ultrasonic
27
Has a regular wave pattern that is repeated over and over.
Pleasant Sound
28
Has an irregular wave pattern with no repeated pattern.
Noise Sound
29
A continuous electrical signal that directly mimics the sound wave. It can capture an infinite number of values within a given range.
Analog audio
30
Examples of Analog audio
Vinyl records Cassette tape AM/FM Radio Broadcasts and Old Landline Telephones.
31
Sound is physically etched as a continuous groove.
Vinyl records
32
Sound is converted to a continuous electrical signal that magnetizes particles on the tape.
Cassette tape
33
A numerical, discrete representation of sound, consisting of a series of samples
Digital Audio
34
Examples of digital audio
Compact Discs (CDs) MP3 Files WAV and FLAC Files
35
Stores audio as a series of 1s and 0s (binary code).
Compact Discs (CDs)
36
Common lossy compression format.
MP3 Files
37
The number of times per second the analog wave is measured (sampled) to create a digital signal.
Sample rate
38
The number of bits used to store the amplitude of each individual sample.
Bit depth
39
The number of independent audio signals in a recording.
Channels
40
The amount of data transmitted or processed per second.
Bit rate
41
Types of Microphones
Dynamic Condenser Ribbon
42
A coil moves in a magnetic field to generate current.
Dynamic
43
Uses a charged diaphragm and metal plate (capacitor) to create a signal.
Condenser
44
A thin metal ribbon vibrates in a magnetic field.
Ribbon
45
software applications for recording, editing, and mixing audio
Digital Audio Workstations (DAWs)
46
A free, open-source audio editor great for beginners and basic editing like trimming and normalizing.
Audacity
47
Professional editor known for precise editing and advanced restoration capabilities (noise reduction).
Adobe Audition
48
Popular for electronic music and live performance, known for its unique "Session View".
Ableton Live
49
Removing unwanted sound from the beginning or end of a clip.
Trimming
50
Removing a section of audio from the middle of a clip.
Cutting
51
Joining two separate audio clips together.
Splicing
52
A process that automatically adjusts the volume of an entire audio clip to a consistent level.
Normalization
53
A crucial technique that automatically reduces the volume of the loudest parts of a signal, making the overall sound more consistent and often louder.
Compression
54
An extreme form of compression where the signal is prevented from exceeding a certain volume threshold (used to make the track as loud as possible without "clipping").
Limiting
55
Using Notification and Interaction Sounds (like a button click) to provide user feedback, and Background Music/Soundscapes to set a mood.
Web and UI design
56
Using Dialogue (narrative), Foley (realism/texture), and Music (emotional arc).
Video and film
57
Utilizing Environmental Sound Design for atmosphere and Music that Adapts to Gameplay (e.g., intensifying during a battle).
Gaming
58
Using Spatial Audio (3D audio) to position sounds in a three-dimensional space, which is critical for immersion and a believable experience.
Virtual/Augmented Reality (VR/AR)
59
Providing Audio Descriptions for visual media (narrator describing key visual elements for people with visual impairments) and Interactive Captions (highlighting speakers, changing font size).
Audio Accessibility
60
AI creating original music and sound effects.
AI-powered Audio Generation
61
AI can automatically transcribe spoken audio or isolate voices to remove unwanted background sounds.
Automatic Transcription and Noise Reduction
62
Technologies like Dolby Atmos and DTS:X treat sounds as "objects" that can be moved in a three-dimensional space, going beyond traditional surround sound.
Immersive and Spatial Audio
63
What are the emerging trends in audio?
Immersive and Spatial Audio AI and Machine Learning Audio Accessibility
64
Relies on Spatial Audio (3D audio) to position sounds in a three-dimensional space for a realistic and immersive experience.
VR/AR
Multimedia
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