Audiology

Question 1

What are the components of sound?

Answer 1

Frequency- HZ (pitch)- cycles per second

Duration (time)

Amplitude- dB (loudness)

Question 2

What are the three advantages of transformer action?

Answer 2

• area advantage
• curved membrane buckling
• lever action advantage

Question 3

What is impedence mismatch?

Answer 3

Without transformer action the sound going from air (external ear) to fluid (inner ear) would dampen and, thus, sounds would not be heard as easily. We lose 30dB going from air to fluid.

Question 4

What is transformer action?

Answer 4

Sound waves into the ear and vibrate the temp in the membrane, which vibrates the ossicle chain. The stapes then presses into the oval window at a high rate of vibration sending the waves with the fluid, into the auditory nerve and then to the brain.

Question 5

What is area advantage? I

Answer 5

The size of the tympanic membrane is 17 to 18 times larger than the oval window

Question 6

What is curves membrane buckling?

Answer 6

The tympanic membrane is curved to take in more sound waves

Question 7

What is lever action advantage?

Answer 7

The way in which the ossicle chain functions

Question 8

Degrees of hearing loss

Answer 8

Normal- 0-20

Mild- 25-40

Moderate- 45-65

Severe- 70-85

Profound- 90-110+

Question 9

What Dr. Tice’s 5 rules for hearing?

Answer 9

• if ACT and BCT are WNL and do not dinner more than 10dB= normal
• if ACT and BCT are WNL and they differ more than 10dB= conductive dysfunction
• if ACT is not WNL and BCT is WNL, and they differ more than 10dB= conductive hearing loss
• if ACT and BCT are not WNL and they do not differ more than 10dB= sensorineural hearing loss
• if ACT and BCT are not WNL and BCT is better by 10dB= mixed hearing loss

Question 10

What is the ossicle chain?

Answer 10

Malleus
Incus
Stapes

Question 11

What is meniers disease

Answer 11

Vertigo and its senseurineural

Tinnitus

Usually just affects one ear

Ages 20-50

Question 12

What is otosclerosis

Answer 12

Bone growth in the middle ear

Conductive hearing loss

Carhart’s notch at 2000k. BCT dips down

Question 13

What is noise induced hearing loss?

Answer 13

Prolonged exposure to loud sound results in damage to hair cells of the inner ear

Sensorineural hearing loss

Both BCT and ACT drop at 4000

Question 14

Middle ear infection

Answer 14

Infection of the the middle ear

Conductive