Audition

Question 1

Which sections of the are are fluid/air filled?

Answer 1

External and middle - air
internal - fluid

Question 2

Sound waves are directed from the __ to the ___

Answer 2

pinna to typmanic membrane

Question 3

How are vibrations transferred in the middle ear?

Answer 3

tympanic membran, mallaes,incus, stabes to oval window

Question 4

What does the auditory tube connect

Answer 4

throat to middle ear

Question 5

What does the outer bony labyrinth contain

Answer 5

Cochlear

Question 6

What is the sensory organ for audition?

Answer 6

Cochlea

Question 7

Transmission of sound waves through the ear

Answer 7

1. Pinna directs sound waves to the external auditory canal
2. Sound waves strike the tympanic membrane
3. Malleus, incus, stapes
4. oval window
5. Fluid pressure waves of the perilymph of the cochlea scala vestibuli
6. Fluid pressure waves are transfered from the scala vestibuli to the scala tympani and eventually to the round window
7. Pressure waves are generated in the endolymph inside the cochlear duct
8. Endolymph cause the basilar membrane to vibrate which moves the hair cells of the organ of Corti. Bending of hair cell stereocilia results in the production of receptor potentials and the ultimate generation of AP

Question 8

The auditory pathway

Answer 8

AP are transmitted along the bestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) where they enter the cochlear nuclei of medulla oblongata here theyascend contra or ipsilaterally. They go into the superior olivary nucles of the pons to the inferior coliculus then to the medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus and terminate in the primary motor cortex

Question 9

What is the most common cause of acquired hearing loss

Answer 9

Noise induced

Question 10

Provide examples of 0db, 30db, 60, 90, 100, 115 and 140 and the max exposure

Answer 10

0-quietest noise you can hear
30-whisper
60-normal convo
90-lawnmower, shop tools, truck traffic (8hrs/day)
100-Chainsaw, snowmobile (2hrs/day)
115-sandblasting, loud rock concert (15mins/day)
140 gun muzzle blast, jet engine, brief exposure can cause pain and injury (need hearing protection)

Question 11

What are the two types of auditory impairment?

Answer 11

Nerve deafness
Conduction of deafness

Question 12

Nerve deafness

Answer 12

impairment of the cochlea or auditory nerve (sensorineaural deafness)
Permanent cond

Question 13

Conduction deafness

Answer 13

Impairment of tympanic membrane or ossicles
blockage (flu/cold)

Question 14

an the inner hair cells in the cochlea be fixed?

Answer 14

No