Neuro final > auditory tracts > Flashcards

auditory tracts Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

what is the primary afferent of the auditory pathway

A

cochlear part of CN VIII

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2
Q

where are the cell bodies of the cochlear part of CN VIII

A

spiral ganglion

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3
Q

where does the primary afferent of the auditory pathway enter the brainstem

A

pontomedullary junction

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4
Q

where does the ascending bundle of the cochlear part of CN VIII synapse

A

anterior subdivision of ventral cochlear nucleus

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5
Q

where does the descending bundle of the cochlear part of CN VIII synapse

A
  • dorsal cochlear nucleus OR

- posterior subdivion of ventral cochlear nucleus

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6
Q

what is the function of the dorsal cochlear nucleus

A

identifying source of a sound and complex characteristics of sound

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7
Q

what is the function of the ventral cochlear nucleus

A

horizontal localization of sound

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8
Q

what is the route of monaural information from the dorsal cochlear nucleus

A

dorsal cochlear nucleus => dorsal acoustic stria => contralateral lateral leminiscus => *inferior colliculus

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9
Q

what is the route of monaural information from the inferior colliculus

A

brachium of inferior colliculus => synpase in MGN => Primary auditory cortex

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10
Q

where does monaural information from the MGN synapse

A

layer IV of the primary auditory cortex

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11
Q

what is binaural information

A

information about differences between sounds in both ears

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12
Q

what is the route of binaural information from the ventral cochlear nuclei

A

projects bilaterally through trapezoid body to superior olivary complex

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13
Q

what is the route of binaural information from the superior olivary complex

A

medial and lateral olivary nuclei => lateral lemniscus => *inferior colliculus

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14
Q

what is the overall route of monaural information

A

dorsal cochlear nucleus => dorsal acoustic stria => contralateral lateral lemniscus => *inferior colliculus => *MGN => *layer IV of primary auditory cortex

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15
Q

what is the route of binaural information from the inferior colliculus to the primary auditory cortex

A

*inferior colliculus => *MGN => * layer IV of primary auditory cortex

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16
Q

what is the overall route of binaural information

A

ventral cochlear nucleus => bilateral superior olivary nuclei => lateral lemniscus => *inf colliculus => *MGN => * layer IV of primary auditory cortex

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17
Q

what is the cause of sensorineural hearing loss

A

damage to CN VIII (cochlear part), cochlea or cochlear nuclei

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18
Q

what is the cause of conductive hearing loss

A

obstructed pathway of sound to tympanic membrane or through ossicles

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19
Q

what is the blood supply to the cochlea and auditory nuclei of the pons and medulla

A

basilar artery

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20
Q

what supplies the cochlear nuclei and inner ear

A

labryrinthine a. (branch of AICA)

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21
Q

what deficits will be seen in occlusion of aica

A

monaural hearing loss

possibly also ipsilateral facial paralysis and inability to look towards side of lesion

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22
Q

what supplies the superior olivary complex and lateral lemniscus

A

short circumferential branches of basilar a

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23
Q

what supplies the inferior colliculus

Study These Flashcards
A

superior cerebellar a AND

quadrigeminal as

24
Q

what supplies the primary auditory and association cortices

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A

M2 segment of MCA

25
what supplies the medial geniculate body
thalamogeniculate arteries
26
what is the function of wernicke's area in the dominant hemisphere
comprehension of spoken language
27
what is the function of wernicke's area in the non-dominant hemisphere
interpretation of nonverbal signals
28
what is the function of broca's area in the dominant hemisphere
grammar, language and speech production
29
what is the function of broca's area in the non-dominant hemisphere
instruction for producing non-verbal communication (tone, gestures)
30
what is auditory agnosia
inability to describe a sound that has been heard
31
what lesion causes auditory agnosia
bilateral temporal lesion
32
fluent aphasia results from damage to what area
wernickes
33
what sxs are associated w/ lesion to wernicke's area
fluent aphasia inability to read/write (alexia/agraphia) unable to understand others
34
can pt's with a broca's area lesion understand spoken or written commends
YES
35
how does a broca's area lesion present
mutism if severe | non-fluent aphasia (slow, labored speech)
36
a lesion to what structure causes global aphasia
lateral sulcus
37
a lesion to what structure causes conduction aphasia
arcuate fasciculus
38
what are the sxs of conduction aphasia
pt can't repeat but can comprehend reading intact, writing impaired speech is fluent, interrupted by word-finding difficult
39
what features are common between the binaural and monaural tracts
- synapse in cochlear nuclei, inferior colliculus, MGN, primary auditory cortex - fibers cross multiple times in brainstem
40
the ability to repeat differentiates wernicke's aphasia from what?
transcortical SENSORY aphasia
41
the ability to repeat differentiates broca's from what?
transcortical MOTOR aphasia
42
what is receptive aphasia
fluent aphasia
43
what is expressive aphasia
non-fluent
44
infarction of the MCA-PCA border zone results in what condition
transcortical sensory aphasia
45
infarction of ACA-MCA border zone results in what condition
transcortical motor aphasia
46
occlusion of what artery causes global aphasia
MCA
47
what structure is responsible for word repetition
arcuate fasciculus
48
what tract does broca's area relay information to to product speech
corticobulbar
49
what structure is responsible for word recognition
lateral temporal cortex
50
where are arcuate fibers
within the temporal lobe, extending from wernicke's to broca's area
51
what area is responsible for reading
wernickes
52
what area is responsible for understanding sarcasm
area analogous to wernicke's
53
what area is responsible for producing inflection
area analogous to broca's
54
from what artery do the quadrigeminal arteries branch
PCA
55
what causes central deafness
damage to monaural or binaural pathway
56
what are the sxs of central deafness
can hear but can't localize sound
57
why don't lesions of the monaural or binaural pathways cause deafness
because the fibers cross multiple times in the brainstem
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