Aurei

Question 1

What are the aurei studied

Answer 1

• Augustus with Gaius and Lucius
• Octavian with the first settlement
• Caesar with Octavian

Question 2

When is the Augustus with Gaius and Lucius aureus dated

Answer 2

2BCE

Question 3

When is the Augustus with the first settlement aureus dated

Answer 3

28BCE

The first settlement happened in Jan (16) of 27BCE

Question 4

When is the Caesar with Octavian aureus dated

Answer 4

43BCE

Question 5

Describe the Augustus side of the Augustus with Gaius and Lucius aureus

Answer 5

• He is wearing a wreath - symbol of victory - showing he is a military leader
• called Pater Patriae (father of the fatherland) - shows him as a moral leader
• called Divi Filius (son of a god) - shows him as a religious leader and gives him right to rule
• perpetual youth - implies divinity and therefore right to rule

Question 6

Describe the Gaius and Lucius side of the Augustus with Gaius and Lucius aureus

Answer 6

• they have a simplum and lituus above them - shows their religious duty - implies piety
• they hold shields and spears - military duties. These are also traditional round sheilds.
• called sons of Augustus - Parallel to Augustus being Divi Filius
• called cosul designate - they will be consuls when they are old enough - they are that amazing
• called princeps Iuventus - first among the young - parallel to Augustus being first among the senate

Question 7

describe the Augustus side of the Augustus with the first settlement aureus

Answer 7

• called imperitor - successful military leader
• called Caesar not Octavian or Augustus he recieved the name Augustus at the first settlement
• mentions he is in his 6th term as consul - shows him as a civic leader
• called Divi Filius - religious leader, right to rule
• he is wearing a laural wreath - from a triumph - successful military leader
• depicted with perpetual youth - implying divinity

Question 8

desribe the first settlement side of the Octavian with the first settlement

Answer 8

• “He restored the laws and rights to the people of Rome” - ‘he’ so is presented as a fact rather thann ‘I’
• depicts Octavian sat on a magistrates bench wearing a toga (symbol of citizenship) handing over a scroll of law - shows him as a civic leader
• This aureus was to commemorate the first settlement

Question 9

describe the Caesar side of the Caesar with Octavian aureus

Answer 9

• J.C. is wearing a wreath from a triumph
• called dictator is perpetuity
• called Pontifex Maximus

Question 10

Describe the Octavian side of the Caesar with Octavian aureus

Answer 10

• Not wearing a wreath - while it was known he wanted one he wasnt awarded one so this emphasises his legality
• called Pontifex Augur - religious leader - pious
• called consul - civic leading
• Called Caesar - before he has the title Augustus - awarded at the first settlement but after he changed his name to that of his adoptive father’s

Question 11

Explain the point for the Caesar with Octavian aureus

Answer 11

The coin was to make a connection between Octavian and and Julius Caesar. It emphasises the point that his is just as good as his father BUT he is doing it legally - i.e. consul vs dictator in perpetuity

Question 12

what is compared in the Caesar with Octavian aureus

literal

Answer 12

Their highest religious position and civil position.
Their military success.

Question 13

what was the first settlement

Answer 13

it was when Augustus gave up all his unconstitutional power (from the triumvir, now that it is over) that gave him control over armies and provinces.
He was given the civic crown for ending the civil wars (an oak wreath) and the title Augustus (one worthy of praise).
Then he was given control over Gaul, Egypt and Syria as they were problematic.

Question 14

What themes are present on the Augustus with Gaius and Lucius aureus

Answer 14

• moral leader
• religious leader
• military leader

Question 15

What themes are present on the Octavian with the first settlement aureus

Answer 15

• military leader
• civil leader
• religious leader

Question 16

what themes are present on the Caesar with Octavian aureus

Answer 16

• civic leader
• religious leader

NOT military leader - gave this up to emphasis civic leader by being legal and not pushing for a triumph

Question 17

Who were Aurei aimed at

Answer 17

the rich populace, that is also why there are more words on these than denarii as they were more likely to be in the hands of the rich and therefore literate so the propaganda could be more specific.