Autres

Question 1

Hazard diamond

• bleu area=
• red area=
• yellow area=
• white area=

Answer 1

• bleu area= health
• red area= flammabilty
• yellow area= reactivity
• white area= special, W=unsual reactivty with water, OX=oxidizer

Question 2

Class for fire, material

• A
• B
• C
• D

Answer 2

• A : Cloth, wood, paper
• B : liquids
• C : electrical
• D : metals

Question 3

Class for fire, type extinguisher

• A
• B
• C
• D

Answer 3

• A : A(water) or ABC (dry chemical)
• B : ABC or BC(co2)
• C : ABC or BC
• D : firefighters

Question 4

EDTA

• Color stopper
• action
• uses
• comments

Answer 4

• Color stopper: lavender
• action: stop clot by chelating calcium
• uses: CBC, diff, sed rate
• comments: at least half full

Question 5

Heparin

• Color stopper
• action
• uses
• comments

Answer 5

• Color stopper: green
• action: stop clot by neutralizing thrombin
• uses: osmotic fragility, plasma hgb, blood gases
• comments:best to avoid hemolysis

Question 6

Citrate de sodium

• Color stopper
• action
• uses
• comments

Answer 6

• Color stopper: light blue
• action: stop clot by binding calcium
• uses: coagulation
• comments: 9:1 blood:anticoag ratio, reduce anticoag if Hct is more then 55%, if using a butterfly use a discard tube

Question 7

Fluoride de sodium

• Color stopper
• action
• uses
• comments

Answer 7

• Color stopper: gray
• action: not anticoag inhibits glycolysis
• uses: glucose, lactic acid and alcohol
• comments: add k oxalate for anticoag

Question 8

Which color of tube we need for serum?

Answer 8

Red or gold

Question 9

difference between plasma and serum

Answer 9

plasma contains fibrinogen

Question 10

Where do we draw blood if presence of

• Mastectomy
• hematoma
• IV

Answer 10

• Mastectomy : other arm
• hematoma : under it
• IV : opposite arm or finger pic, otherwise turn off IV 2 min

Question 11

Which test tube need to be chilled?

Answer 11

Ammonia and lactic acid (slurry)

Question 12

Which test need tube to be warmed?

Answer 12

cold agglutinins and cryoglobulins (37oC)

Question 13

Which test need tube to be protected by the light?

Answer 13

bilirubine (use aluminum foil)

Question 14

What does fasting mean?

Answer 14

nothing to eat or drink(except water) for at least 8 hr

Question 15

Spin tubes within how much time after collecting? and speed/time

Answer 15

2 hours, 1,000-1,300 RCF for 10-15min (except citrate tube)

Question 16

how to achieve PPP platelet poor plasma

Answer 16

1500 RCF for 15min (for citrate tubes)

Question 17

How do we freeze whole blood

Answer 17

you cant freeze whole blood (must seperate de plasma and culot)

Question 18

What type of glass we use to reduced light exposure

Answer 18

low actinic or amber/red glass

Question 19

What type of glass we use to alkaline solutions? (best)

Answer 19

boron free

Question 20

What type of glass is most common and can be used for autoclave/heat resistance?

Answer 20

borosilicate (kimax and pyrex)

Question 21

What type of glass is diposible(least expensive) but not very temperature changing resistant?

Answer 21

flint glass (soda-lime color)

Question 22

What type of glass we use to for Heat, chemical and ELECTRICAL tolerance?

Answer 22

High silica

Question 23

What type of glass we use to resist clouding due to alkali and scratching?

Answer 23

Aluminosilicate (corex)

Question 24

Volumetric pipet how to use

Answer 24

touch off last drop against wall

Question 25

Ostwald-Folin pipet how to use

Answer 25

for viscous fluids, ertched(frost) ring means blowout

Question 26

seroligical pipet how to use

Answer 26

not accurate use for serial dilutions and mesuring reagents, ertched(frost) ring means blowout

Question 27

Mohr pipet how to use

Answer 27

no blowout

Question 28

Micropipet how to use

Answer 28

TC = to contain, 1-1,000uL

Question 29

Most pure graded chemical is

Answer 29

analytic reagent grade (meets specification american chemical society)

Question 30

Type I water = Type II water= Type III water=

Answer 30

Type I water = ultrapure Type II water= pure (can make buffer) Type III water= primary grade water

Question 31

What does the condenser does on a microscope?

Answer 31

focuses the light on specimen

Question 32

What does the ocular does on a microscope?

Answer 32

eye piece, 10x

Question 33

What does the objectives does on a microscope?

Answer 33

low power 10x, high power 40x and immersion oil 50-100x

Question 34

type of bulb for brightfield microscope?

Answer 34

tungsten

Question 35

Kind of microscope for ID treponema pallidum

Answer 35

dark field (black background)

Question 36

Kind of microscope for fluorescent antibody stains

Answer 36

fluorescent

Question 37

Kind of microscope for platelet count or urine sediments?

Answer 37

phase contrast (has phase condenser and objectives)

Question 38

Kind of microscope for ID urine crystals, synovial fluid and fat oval bodies

Answer 38

Polarizing (has a polorizing filter below condenser), objects reflect light birefringent

Question 39

What is quality assurance?

Answer 39

process by which the lab ensures quality results by closely monitoring preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical stage of testing

Question 40

Mean

Answer 40

racine carée (somme(x-moyenne)^2 / n-1)

Question 41

Standard deviation

Answer 41

SD =racine carée (somme(mean-x)^2 /n-1) ``` x= each value n= number of value ```

Question 42

Coefficient of variation, formula

Answer 42

CV% = (SD / mean) x100

Question 43

Coefficient of variation, high the precision _ the CV

Answer 43

lower the CV

Question 44

% of values fall within +/- 1SD

Answer 44

68%

Question 45

% of values fall within +/- 2SD

Answer 45

95%

Question 46

% of values fall within +/- 3SD

Answer 46

99%

Question 47

Coefficient of variation should be under %

Answer 47

5%

Question 48

what does normal distribution mean?

Answer 48

x(average)=md(median)=mo(mode)

Question 49

Variance formula

Answer 49

S^2

Question 50

limite controle acceptable formula

Answer 50

x +/- 2s (average +/- 2xmean)

Question 51

``` Westguard rules 1 2s = 1 3s = 2 2s = R 4s= 4 1s = 10x = ```

Answer 51

1 2s = alarm, 1 control exceeds +/- 2s 1 3s = reject, 1 control exceeds +/- 3s 2 2s = reject, 2 control consecutive exceeds +/- 2s R 4s= reject, 2 control exceeds +/- 4s 4 1s = reject, 4 control exceeds +/- 1s 10x = reject, 10 control consecutive same side of average

Question 52

``` Micro = milli= nano= pico= fento= ```

Answer 52

``` Micro =10^-6 milli=10^-3 nano=10^-9 pico=10^-12 fento=10^-15 ```

Question 53

Dilution formula

Answer 53

vol specimen / vol specimen + vol diluent

Question 54

how do you prepare 1:10 dilution of urine?

Answer 54

1 part urine and 9 part diluent

Question 55

How many ml of 95% alcohol are neede to prepare 100mL of 70% alcohol?

Answer 55

C1V1=C2V2 (95)(v)=(70)(100) v= 73.7mL

Question 56

What is the concentration in % of a solution that contains 8.5g of NaCl per L?

Answer 56

8.5g/1000ml x X/100ml 1000X=8.5 x 100 c=0.85%

Question 57

A manual glucose assay gave the following results : abs of 100mg/dL , standard=0.3. Abs of patient =0.4. what is the concentration of glucose of the patient?

Answer 57

Use beer law 1. concentration pt = abs unknown / abs standard x concentration standard 2. concentration patient = 0.4/0.3 x 100 3. concentration patient = 133mg/dL

Question 58

What is the molarity of a solution that contains 45g of NaCl per L? (atomic weight, Na=23 et Cl=35.5)

Answer 58

``` M= (g/L) / (gram molecular weight) M= 45/58.5 M= 0.77 ```

Question 59

Formula for pH calculation

Answer 59

-log(H)

Question 60

temperature PCR

Answer 60

95oC, 55oC et 72oC