What is the function of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells?
Controls what enters and exits the cell. Surrounds the cell and organelles. Made from a phospholipid bilayer which contains proteins.
Where do chemical reactions occur in a cell?
Cytoplasm.
What type of ribosomes are found in eukaryotic cells?
80S ribosomes.
What does the nucleus contain?
DNA.
What is the function of the nucleolus?
The part of the nucleus where ribosomes are made.
What is the difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered in ribosomes to make proteins, while smooth endoplasmic reticulum processes and packages proteins.
What happens to proteins at the Golgi apparatus?
Proteins made by the endoplasmic reticulum are processed and packaged into vesicles.
What is the function of lysosomes?
Contains digestive enzymes that break things down.
What are centrioles made from?
Microtubules.
What is the main function of mitochondria?
Where respiration takes place, making energy (ATP) from oxygen and glucose.
What is the composition of the cell wall in plant cells?
Made from cellulose.
Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?
Chloroplasts.
What is contained within a permanent vacuole?
Cell sap, a mixture of water and waste products.
What are amyloplasts used for?
Used to store starch.
What is the function of plasmodesmata?
Allow transport and communication between plant cells.
What are pits in plant cells?
Depressions in the cell walls where water and minerals can pass between plant cells.
What is the nucleoid in prokaryotic cells?
An area of the cell where the DNA is found, not surrounded by a membrane.
What is a plasmid?
A circular form of DNA in bacteria, separate from chromosomal DNA.
What type of ribosomes are found in prokaryotic cells?
70S ribosomes.
What does the capsule do in bacteria?
Surrounds the bacteria outside of the cell wall and is made from sugars and proteins.
What are bacterial cell walls made from?
Peptidoglycan.
Fill in the blank: Eukaryotic cells have a _______ which contains DNA.
nucleus.
True or False: Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.
False.
