B10 -

Question 1

What are the 5 things that make up the renal system?

Answer 1

1. Right kidney
2. Left kidney
3. Ureter
4. Bladder
5. Uterus

Question 2

What is the renal system?

Answer 2

This regulates salt and fluid balance in the body

Question 3

What does the renal system consist of?

Answer 3

• two kidneys
• two ureters
• the bladder
• the urethra

Question 4

What are the functions of the kidneys?

Answer 4

• remove waste products ( salt, water and toxins) from blood
• produce urine
• regulate the amount of water in the body by adjusting the amount and concentration of urine produced
• regulate PH level of the blood

Question 5

What are the functions of the ureters?

Answer 5

• transport urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder
• prevent back flow as they have a muscular wall that contracts which pushes the urine downwards and prevents it from flowing back to the kidneys

Question 6

What are the functions of the bladder?

Answer 6

• temporary storage for urine produced by the kidney
• contract and flatten to empty the urine through the urethra

Question 7

What are the functions of the urethra in men?

Answer 7

• carriers urine from the bladder to exit the body
• muscle contraction allows semen to be transported from the testicles to the penis which is controlled by the automatic nervous system

Question 8

What are the functions of urethra in women?

Answer 8

• carries urine from the bladder
• no reproductive function

Question 9

What are UTIs (Urinary Tract Infections)?

Answer 9

An infection of the bladder, kidneys, ureters or urethra

Question 10

What causes UTIs?

Answer 10

• bacteria entering the tube that carriers pee out of the body
• being sexually active

Question 11

Why are UTIs more common in women?

Answer 11

They have a shorter urethra than men which means bacteria is more likely to reach the bladder or kidneys

Question 12

What are the symptoms of UTIs?

Answer 12

• burning sensation when peeing
• blood in urine
• needing to pee more than usual
• pee that looks cloudy

Question 13

What are the treatments for UTIs?

Answer 13

• urine test
• painkillers
• antibiotics may be prescribed

Question 14

What is acute renal failure?

Answer 14

This is where your kidneys suddenly stop working properly

Question 15

What causes acute renal failure?

Answer 15

Reduced blood flow to the kidneys

Question 16

What are the symptoms of actue failure?

Answer 16

• feeling sick or being sick
• diarrhoea
• dehydration
• peeing less
• confusion

Question 17

What treatments are there for acute renal failure?

Answer 17

• increase intake of water
• antibiotics if you have an infection
• a urinary catheter which is used to drain the bladder if there’s blockage

Question 18

What is chronic renal failure?

Answer 18

A long term condition where the kidneys do not work as well as they should

Question 19

What are the causes of chronic renal failure?

Answer 19

• high blood pressure
• diabetes
• high cholesterol

Question 20

What are the symptoms of chronic renal failure?

Answer 20

• tiredness
• swollen ankles, feet or hands
• shortness of breath
• feeling sick
• blood in pee