B1.8 - Evolution

Question 1

What does Darwin’s theory of evolution state?

Answer 1

That all species of living things have evolved from simple life forms that first developed more than 3 billion years ago

Question 2

Why did Darwin’s theory only get accepted gradually?

Answer 2

• the theory challenged the idea that God made all animals and plants that live on Earth
• there was insufficient evidence at the time the theory was published to convince many scientists
• the mechanism of inheritance and variation wasn’t known until 50 years after the theory was published

Question 3

What are other theories of evolution based on?

Answer 3

The idea that changes that occur in an organism during its lifetime can be inherited. (Lamarck)
We now know that in a vast majority of cases this type of inheritance cannot occur

Question 4

What do we have to do for this section?

Answer 4

• interpret info relating to evolutionary theory
• suggest reasons why Darwin’s theory was only gradually accepted
• identify the differences between Darwin’s theory and other theories
• suggest reasons for different theories

Question 5

Why do we study the similarities and differences between organisms?

Answer 5

This allows us to classify living organisms into ANIMALS, PLANTS and MICROORGANISMS. It also helps understand evolutionary and ecological relationships

Question 6

What do models allow us to do?

Answer 6

suggest relationships between organisms

Question 7

What does evolution occur by?

Answer 7

Natural selection

Question 8

Explain the 3 steps of natural selection (yes Eden u can do this)

Answer 8

1. individual organisms within a particular species may show a wide range of variation because of differences in their genes
2. individuals wiry characteristics most suited to the environment are more likely to breed successfully
3. genes that have enabled these individuals to survive are passed into the next generation

Question 9

What is a mutation?

Answer 9

A random change in the makeup of a cell