B4: Social factors that affect development

Question 1

What is a family

Answer 1

A social group of people, often related genetically, by marriage or by living together as a group

Question 2

How can being part of a family group help you develop?

Answer 2

• Forming your first emotional relationships and attachments
• Providing first experiences of social interaction
• Helping each other financially or practically
• Supporting each other emotionally

Question 3

What is a dysfunctional family?

Answer 3

• A family that does not provide all the support and benefits associated with being family, E.g. does not support emotionally

Question 4

Why may a family become dysfunctional?

Answer 4

• Mental health problems -stress
• Poor housing - stress
• Low income - stress
• Poor parenting skills
• Inconsistent parenting

Question 5

What are the affects of a dysfunctional family?

Answer 5

• Children may find it hard to develop self confidence

Question 6

What can parents divorcing cause?

Answer 6

• Emotional distress
• Moodiness
• Depression
• Lack resilience
• May place greater reliance on and being influenced by their peers - this could lead to risky behaviours
• More likely to experience poverty and underachievement in education

Question 7

What is sibling rivalry?

Answer 7

A child becoming aggressive and displaying bullying behaviour towards other children in the family

Question 8

What researchers can be linked to sibling rivalry?

Answer 8

Rosenthal and Doherty

Question 9

What did Rosenthal and Doherty find in their research?

Answer 9

Children who are in a rivalry with their siblings or involved in bullying behaviour have quite often been bullied by their primary caregivers

Question 10

Why may sibling rivalry happen?

Answer 10

• Can be a way of children trying to gain a sense of control and power in a house they feel helpless and powerless

Question 11

Which psychologist identified parenting styles?

Answer 11

Diana Baumrind

Question 12

What are the three parenting styles?

Answer 12

• Authoritative
• Authoritarian
• Permissive

Question 13

What is the authoritative parenting style?

Answer 13

• Parents are not overly strict
• Children brought up to respect authority and develop appropriate values and boundaries

Question 14

What are the effects of the authoritative parenting style?

Answer 14

• Children often more resilient
• Conform more easily to the social norms of society

Question 15

What is the authoritarian parenting style?

Answer 15

• Parents have high expectations
• Often overwhelming children with strict rules and regulations

Question 16

What are the effects of the authoritarian parenting style?

Answer 16

• Children often are rebellious
• Children may become problematic both in the family home and in wider social settings

Question 17

What is the permissive parenting style?

Answer 17

• Parents make few demands
• Parents may be reluctant to implement rules or values into the lives of their children

Question 18

What are the effects of the permissive parenting style?

Answer 18

• Often lack a sense of self-control as they have no set boundaries or respect for personal space
• Children may later experience problems in managing relationships and adult responsibilities

Question 19

What parenting style was identified through further research?

Answer 19

Uninvolved parenting

Question 20

What is the uninvolved parenting style?

Answer 20

• Parents who are not involved in their children’s lives
• Make few demands on them and lack responsiveness

Question 21

What did Piaget and Erikson believe family dysfunction was a result off?

Answer 21

• Lack of education
• Inadequate role modelling

Question 22

What do some parents lack?

Answer 22

Emotional intelligence and skills required to raise their children to be resilient and prepared for the outside world

Question 23

What is bullying?

Answer 23

• No legal definition
• Can be described as repetitive behaviour intended to hurt a person emotionally and physically

Question 24

Why may someone be bullied?

Answer 24

• Many reasons including
• Religion
• Race
• Group or culture they belong too

Question 25

What can bullying have a long term effect on?

Answer 25

- Self esteem, lasting even to adulthood

Question 26

By law, what must all schools have?

Answer 26

- A behaviour policy that includes measures on how to prevent bullying and what must be done to support people

Question 27

What are the effects of bullying?

Answer 27

- Impact a Childs growth and development - May feel unsafe, lonely and insolated - May lose self- confidence - May become self-critical - Self harm

Question 28

What do most faith groups emphasise the importance of as part of the healing process?

Answer 28

Prayer

Question 29

What do Jehovas witnesses believe in regards to medical intervention?

Answer 29

- Blood transfusions must not be accepted - Do accept most other procedures

Question 30

What dietary restrictions do you have in a Kosher diet?

Answer 30

Dairy and meat food should be kept separate

Question 31

What do Jewish people not eat?

Answer 31

Pork and Shellfish

Question 32

What are Hindus and Sikhs dietary restrictions?

Answer 32

Vegetarian diet

Question 33

What are muslims dietary restrictions?

Answer 33

- Do not eat pork - Do not east non - halal meats - Do not consume alchohol

Question 34

What are the positive effects of vegetarianism?

Answer 34

- Higher levels of fruits, vegetables, fibre and lower fats - Reduces the chance of high cholesterol, heart disease and high blood pressure

Question 35

What are the negative effects of vegetarianism?

Answer 35

- Health risks of nutritional deficiency due to not eating meat or fish - E.g. may have calcium, B12 or Iron deficiency - Would cause, weakened bones, affect production of red blood cells etc