what are differences between inspired and expired air
inspired: higher o2 concentration, lower Co2 concentration
expired: higher CO2 concentration, higher water vapour, lower o2 concentration
composition of inhaled air
79% nitrogen
21% oxygen
0.04% CO2
water vapour (variable)
composition of exhaled air
79% nitrogen
16% oxygen
4% CO2
water vapour (saturated)
how does physical activity impact rate depth breathing
increases
explain differences in inspired and expired air
- CO2 increases because move from blood to lungs
- O2 decreases because move from lungs to blood
- water vapour increases because its by-product of respiration
why does rate/depth of breathing increase in physical activity
- increased CO2 concentration in blood detected by brain
- increase to remove
- more need for O2 for respiration
what are uses of energy in living organisms
- muscle contraction
- protein synthesis
- cell division
- growth
- passage of nerve impulses
- maintenance of constant body temp
what is aerobic respiration
chemical reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy
what is anaerobic respiration
chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen
how does energy release in (an)aerobic respiration compare
anaerobic releases much less energy per glucose molecule than aerobic
what causes oxygen debt
lactic acid buildup in muscles and blood during vigorous exercise
how is oxygen debt removed after exercise
- continuation of fast HR to transport lactic in blood from muscles to liver
- continuation of faster breathing to supply O2 for aerobic respiration of lactic acid
- aerobic respiration of lactic acid in liver
