Babur made emperor
1494
At age 15 babur what city did Babur capture
samarkand, but within 2 years lost fergana and samarkand
why did babur lose fergana and samarkand
pressure from his uncles rulling neighbouring kingdom
1504
city, kabul captured
1505
babur’s first raid in hindustan to pillage punjab
- stacked heads in pyramid (like tamur)
- forced people to pay tributes of gold and produce
1519
named child ‘hindal’- (take india)
1525
babur took army of 12000 men
- used matchlock muskets and canons from ottoman turks
- invading punjab
1526
mughals met with small force leader of deli, sultan ibrahim lodi
- defeated by 17yo humayan (captured +100)
BATTLE OF PANIPAT
- April 1526
- Babur won using tactics, new weapons and warrior skills (had a smaller force than sultan of Delhi, Ibrahim)
- positioned army between town and river so they were protected by buildings on one side
- Babur ordered ditches built and create barrier using falling trees
- used carts to protect front line (only access point for sultans army)
- used musketeers (turks) and cavalry
- provoked sultan’s attack by attacking his camp
- by midday 15,000 men killed including the sultan
humayan and a small fleet sent to…
- secure capital, agra
- take the treasure
what happened at friday prayers in dehli following battle of panipat
- babur named emporer
what did babur do w/ dehli’s treasuries
rewarded loyal followers generously
babur determind to strengthen hold on fertile lands
his leading warriors didnt share his ambision
babur encouraged followers to stay w/ speak
“shall we return to kabul and stay poor”
BATTLE OF KANUA (1527)- opposing hostility
- leader rajput condederacy (rana sanga) attacked
- babur encouraged men by showing good muslim values ( smashed new wines, broke up gold goblet and distributed the pieces to the poor)
- lasted a day w/ heavy casulties
- fire power and tactics helped win
- pilled heads of enemy
how did babur secure empire
- captured forts
- destroyed regional power of rulers (eg. sultan of bengal)
what did babur like & dislike about hindustan
LIKED
- great wealth of hindustan (grain, gems, textiles)
- huge numb. of skilled craftsmen
- beatiful palaces
- method of counting and timekeeping
DISLIKED
- intense heat, dust, flies
- lack of cool streams and gardens
- abscence of grape, melons etc
- manor of hindu peasants
where is the lordi capital
agra
what 3 cultural achievements is babur remembered for (based in agra)
- created wild garden w/ water (next to river)
- started to build library of rare books and precious manuscripts
- spent time turning his travel notes into an autobiography
1528- magnificent feast
- to give rewards to his most loyal wariors
- great celebration of babur’s military and cultural achievements
- marked his joy at conquest of hindustan
what was the result of babur’s achievements in hindustan
- new court culture created distance between rulers and people
- v expensive
- drugs and drink lead him to having poor health and frequent illness
in what way did babur prepare empire for next emporer
- 1530, bowel dissordered, told his son ‘do nothing against your brothers’
