Bacteria & Protist Lab

Question 1

3 Domains of Life

Answer 1

• Eukarya
• Bacteria
• Archaea

Question 2

What is the difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic?

Answer 2

Eukaryotes have a membrane bound nucleus and Prokaryotes do not.

Question 3

Bacteria

Answer 3

• Prokaryotic
• Most are decomposers
• Somae are parasitic
• A few are photosynthetic: Cyanobacteria
• Gram Stain
• On agar, bacteria grow as a colony.
• 3 Shapes

Question 4

Cyanobacteria

Answer 4

• Formerly called Blue Green Algae
• Do not have chloroplasts; have thylakoid membranes where photosynthesis happens
• Gloeocapsa
• Oscillatoria
• Anabaena

Question 5

Gloeocapsa

Answer 5

• Single cells
• Adhere together because each is surrounded by sticky, gelatinous sheath

Question 6

Oscillatoria

Answer 6

• Filamentous cells
• Individual cells resemble tack of pennies

Question 7

Anabaena

Answer 7

• Filamentous
• Individual cells are barrel-shaped

Question 8

Gram Positive

Answer 8

• A lot of peptidoglycan
• Stains purple

Question 9

Gram Negative

Answer 9

• Thin layer of peptidoglycan
• Stains Fushia or Red

Question 10

Colony

Answer 10

Contains cells decended from one original cell

Question 11

Shapes of Bacterial Cell

Answer 11

• Spirillum: Spiral
• Bacillus: Rod
• Coccus: Spherical

Question 12

Protists

Answer 12

Eukaryotes

• Algae
• Heterotrophic Protists
• Slime Molds

Question 13

Algae

Answer 13

Photosynthetic Protists

• Green Algae
• Brown Algae
• Red Algae
• Diatoms
• Dinoflagellates

Question 14

Green Algae

Answer 14

• Spirogyra
• Volvox

Question 15

Spirogyra

Answer 15

Filamentous form with ribbonlike chloroplasts

Question 16

Volvox

Answer 16

Cells are loosely associated (colonial forms)

Question 17

Brown Algae

Answer 17

Commonly called seaweed or kelp

Question 18

Red Algae

Answer 18

• Smaller and more delicate than brown algae
• Grow in shallow waters

Question 19

Diatoms

Answer 19

• Cell Wall: in two sections woth larger one fitting over the smaller with a “Shoebox lid” fit; c.w. inpregnated with silica
• “Live in glass house”
• cell walls do not decompose: Diatomaceous Earth- used in filters and insecticides
• Photosynthetic and extremely abundant

Question 20

Dinoflagellates

Answer 20

• Have 2 flagells; one free and one wrapped around
• Spin like a top
• Can cause “Red Tide”
• Toxins from red tide can cause widespread fish kills
• Can cause paralysis in humans who eat shellfish that consume these protists

Question 21

Heterotrophic Protists

Answer 21

1. Injest food by forming food vacuoles
2. Amoeba: Pseudopods
3. Paramecium: “Slipper shaped”; ciliated

Question 22

Slime Molds

Answer 22

1. Once classified as fungi
2. Unlike fungi, they phagocytize their food like amoeboids
3. Types:
   
   1. Cellular Slime Molds
   2. Plasmodium

Question 23

Cellular Slime Molds

Answer 23

Exists as indiviuals

Question 24

Plasmodium

Answer 24

Fan shaped multinucleated mass