Balance

Question 1

Momentum

Answer 1

m * V = M

Question 2

BOS

Answer 2

• Perimeter of contact with the ground

Question 3

Limit of Stability

Answer 3

• The ability to move with in the BOS

Question 4

COG

Answer 4

• is a vertical projection of the center of mass to the ground

Question 5

Balance Control

Answer 5

• A complex motor task involving detection and integration of sensory info to assess position and motion of body in space and the execution of musckuloskeletal responses to control body position with in context of he environment
• Requires intact systes and interaction of: - Nervous and Musculoskeletal Systems

Question 6

3 Key Sensory Components of Balance

Answer 6

1- Visual: Gaze, Speed/Direction of Movement
2- Vestibular: Acceleration, head position
3- Samatosensory: Pressure, Orientation and movement of body parts, skin, muscles, and joints

Question 7

Types of Balance Control

Answer 7

• Static (sit/stand)
• Dynamic (move on steady surface, stand on a moving surface)
• Automatic Postural Reactions (Unexpected External Perturbation) Getting pushed

Question 8

Motor Strategies

Answer 8

• Work Distal to Proximal
• Ankle
• Weight Shifts (Frontal Plane)
• Suspension (Lowers COM)
• Hip
• Stepping (LOS is overreached)
• Combined

Question 9

Who should be tested?

Answer 9

• Elderly
• Weak
• Post Surgical
• Kids
• Neurological Impairments (TBI, CVA, MS)
• Amputees
• People taking > 4Rx (Medications)

Question 10

Gross assessment of balance

Answer 10

Normal-static: w/o handhold dynamic: max challenge, weight shift w/in full rom

Good-static: w/o handhold slight sway. Dynamic: mod challenge able to pick object off floor

Fair: need handhold minA. Dynamic: min challenge turning trunk

Poor- static: max A handhold. Dynamic: loss of balance

Question 11

Names of outcome tools to test balance

Answer 11

• TUG
• Tinetti
• Functional gait assessment/dynamic gait index
• functional reach
• berg
• Foam/dome
• 4 square step
• 10 m walk
• single limb support