Basic Chemistry

Question 1

True or false: Atoms are the smallest unit of matter.

Answer 1

FALSE: Atoms are made up of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Question 2

Name the subatomic particles that make up an atom.

Answer 2

• Protons
• Neutrons
• Electrons

Question 3

What is the charge and mass of a proton?

Answer 3

Positive charge and mass of 1U

Question 4

What is the charge and mass of a neutron?

Answer 4

No charge and mass of 1U

Question 5

What is the charge and mass of an electron?

Answer 5

Negative charge and mass of 0.0005U

Question 6

What does U stand for in chemistry?

Answer 6

Atomic Mass Unit A unit of mass equal to a proton or neutron.

Question 7

What are the two distinct regions of an atom?

Answer 7

• Nucleus
• Electron cloud

Question 8

What determines the atomic number (Z) of an atom?

Answer 8

The number of protons in the atom

Question 9

What is an isotope?

Answer 9

An atom with different numbers of neutrons than “usual” - different amount then protons

Question 10

What is an ion?

Answer 10

An atom with different numbers of electrons than “usual” - different amount then protons

Question 11

What is the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 11

The center of the atom containing protons and neutrons.

Question 12

What is the electron cloud?

Answer 12

The group of electrons surrounding an atom

Question 13

What is an atomic mass unit

Answer 13

A unit of mass equal to a proton or neutron.

Question 14

What does the number of protons determine

Answer 14

The type of element (eg an atom with 1 proton is always Hydrogen, as it has one proton)

Question 15

What are the three types of bonds elements can form

Answer 15

Ionic, covalent and metallic bond

Question 16

What is the difference between are element and a compound

Answer 16

An element consists of one atom, but a compound consists of two or more different atoms

Question 17

What are three broad classifications of elements

Answer 17

Metals, Nonmetals and Semimetals

Question 18

What is ductility and which group have this quality

Answer 18

Ductile things do not deform under tensile stress (and therefore be made into wires), and this is exhibited by metals

Question 19

Are non metals malleable or brittle

Answer 19

Brittle (when have you ever heard of bending sulfur)

Question 20

Are nonmetals lustrous or dull

Answer 20

Dull

Question 21

Do metals conduct heat and electricity or not

Answer 21

They do

Question 22

What are the properties of semimetals

Answer 22

Usually brittle and conductive, they are between nonmetals and metals

Question 23

What is an atom

Answer 23

a unit of matter that can no longer be broken down via chemical interactions

Question 24

In which type of reaction do elements and compounds combine to create a bigger molecule

Answer 24

combination reaction

Question 25

Do combination reactions have waste products

Answer 25

No, they don't (Think Na+Cl --> NaCl

Question 26

What kind of a reaction is the breaking down of hydrogen peroxide

Answer 26

a decomposition reaction

Question 27

After what element does the periodic table become fully radioactive

Answer 27

Uranium

Question 28

What does a redox reaction consist of

Answer 28

One chemical species gaining an electron and one chemical species losing an electron

Question 29

What is the key difference between oxidation and reduction

Answer 29

Oxidation is when a substance reacts and loses electrons, while reduction reaction is when a substance reacts and gains electrons

Question 30

How are reduction and oxidation related

Answer 30

When one substance undergoes reduction, the substance it is reacting with undergoes oxidation

Question 31

What happens in a displacement reaction

Answer 31

When a more electronegative atom bumps out another from a bond

Question 32

What is a double displacement reaction

Answer 32

A displacement reaction in which the more electronegative atom forces another out of a bond, from which the forced out atom will bond to the molecule the more electronegative atom came from

Question 33

What are valence shells

Answer 33

The outer shell of an electron, which usually involves the highest energy electrons bonding.

Question 34

What is so special about the noble gases

Answer 34

They have full valence shells, meaning they are extremely stable and rarely react

Question 35

What’s the most electronegative atom

Answer 35

Flourine

Question 36

True or False: An oxidation reaction happen without oxygen

Answer 36

True —> The name comes from reactions with oxygen, but the definition was later revised to be more scientifically accurate

Question 37

Who is the creator of the periodic table?

Answer 37

Dimitri Mendeleev

Question 38

Which young English Physicist refined the order of the periodic table by finding out atomic numbers via an X-ray

Answer 38

Henry Mosley

Question 39

Which of the metals is not solid at room temp

Answer 39

mercury

Question 40

True or False: Non-metals are all usually liquids at room temp

Answer 40

False, they are gases (when is the last time you poured a bit of oxygen into a beaker at room temp

Question 41

What is an allotrope

Answer 41

An allotrope is a molecule with the different amounts of the same element: eg: O2 and O3

Question 42

Are graphite and diamonds allotropes?

Answer 42

Yes

Question 43

Is ozone (O3) and water allotropes

Answer 43

No, water is compound

Question 44

What is the 79th element

Answer 44

Gold (Au)

Question 45

What is the symbol and atomic number of silver

Answer 45

Ag and 47

Question 46

What are the types of metals in the periodic table

Answer 46

Alkali, Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition metals, post transition metals

Question 47

What is the most reactive combinations of element groups

Answer 47

Halogens and Alkali