Heavy Bleeding
Signs
Open Wounds
Bleeding/Blood
Treatment
Call 911
Put pressure on the wound to slow down/stop bleeding
Maintain pressure until help arrives
If blood seeps through compress, put another one on top of compress (don’t replace original one)
If object is embedded:
Same as above, except leave object embedded with pressure around object
Minor Bleeding Treatment
Apply pressure
Clean wound after bleeding stops
Cover wound to prevent infection
Nose Bleeds
Treatment
Pinch bridge of nose
Have person lean forward
Instruct person to breathe through mouth
Broken Bone
Signs
Bruising
Pain/Swelling
Unnatural position
Possible open wound
Treatment
Support injury using something soft
If there is deformity or significant pain, call 911
Support injury as you seek medical advice
Possible Treatment - Splinting
Splinting is done to help immobilize the break site to prevent further injury
Use something firm that crosses joint above + below broken bone
Possible things to use:
Cardboard, Newspaper, an actual splint, stick
Other body part - e.g. other leg
Burns
Signs
If you touched something hot
Blistering
Red in contact area
Pain
Treatment
Cool burn with cool running water for 10 minutes
Examine the area to determine if further medical care is needed
Cover loosely with non-stick dressing
Watch for blistering
Burns Continued
Burns - seek medical advice immediately
If…
Burn is on a child
The burn begins to blister
Burn impacts more than one area
Burn impacts hands or feet
Underlying tissues are visible
Head Injury
Symptoms of Concussion
Dizziness
Puking
Loss of consciousness
Headache
Confusion
Blurred vision
No memory of what occurred
Treatment
Rest
Apply cold compress to injury
If showing signs of concussion, seek medical advice
Call 911 if…
Loss of consciousness
Vomiting
Blurred Vision
Fall greater than 2x height
Fluid from ears visible
Strains and Sprains
Difference
Strains - muscle is injured/damaged
Sprains - joint is injured/damaged
Signs/Symptoms
Pain
Swelling
Bruising in area
Treatment - RICE
Rest (don’t move)
Immobilize (stabilize area)
Cold (use ice to reduce swelling/pain)
Elevate (raise to help with blood drainage, if it isn’t painful)
