Basic Life Support

Question 1

what is the ILCOR

Answer 1

the international liaison committee on resuscitation

Question 2

what does the ILCOR do

Answer 2

• takes new guidance and ensures it is upheld in all teaching and courses
• creates guidance on how to manage resuscitation

Question 3

what are the national resuscitation councils

Answer 3

• resuscitation council UK
• european resuscitation council

Question 4

how many different cardiac arrest rhythms are there

Answer 4

4

Question 5

which cardiac arrest rhythms are shockable

Answer 5

• ventricular fibrillation
• ventricular tachycardia

Question 6

what is VF

Answer 6

ventricullar fibrillation

Question 7

what is VT or PVT

Answer 7

ventricular tachycardia

Question 8

what is the basic life support order of response

Answer 8

• danger
• response
• shout
• airway
• breathing
• circulation

Question 9

when do you call emergency services

Answer 9

if someone is unresponsive, with absent or abnormal breathing

Question 10

when do you use AED

Answer 10

as soon as it arrives

Question 11

what is the ratio of chest compression to airway prior to the arrival of the AED

Answer 11

30 compressions to 2 breaths

Question 12

what is response

Answer 12

gently shake and speak loudly, scream for help

Question 13

what is airway

Answer 13

checking for breathing. there are two options - a head tilt chin lift, or a jaw thrust. remove any liquids or foodstuffs with a finger sweep - do not do this blind. this is to prevent any obstruction to the airway

Question 14

what is breathing and circulation

Answer 14

palpate a carotid pulse. look, listen and feel for breathing for 10 seconds. look for any other signs of life

Question 15

what is agonal breathing

Answer 15

this is when the brain becomes hypoxic due to lack of oxygen. it sounds like infrequent gasps and gulping. this is not normal, and should not be counted as breathing. can also be accompanied with seizure like movements

Question 16

how often does agonal breathing occur

Answer 16

in around 40% of cardiac arrests

Question 17

when do you start doing chest compressions

Answer 17

immediately

Question 18

what do you say on the phone to 999 if you think someone has gone into cardiac arrest

Answer 18

• there is a cardiac arrest
• there is no breathing
• location
• contact number
• covid status of the person

Question 19

what should be worn when doing cpr

Answer 19

droplet ppe

Question 20

how do you do chest compressions

Answer 20

• interlock the fingers
• straight elbows
• compress the sternum 5-6cms
• 2 a second
• swap with someone else to rest
• continue until help arrives

Question 21

how to prepare the patient for AED

Answer 21

• remove clothing- there will be scissors to cut through
• dry any fluids off chest with whatever fabric there is
• shave hair off the areas where the pads will be placed
• attach the pads to the patient and listen for voice prompts
• early defibrillation is key intervention with improved neurological outcomes
• aim to defibrillate within 3 minutes of the cardaic arrest to have the highest survival rate for the patient

Question 22

how many joules are there per shock from AED

Answer 22

150-360

Question 23

what is essential regarding AED

Answer 23

that no one is touching the patient when the shock is administered

Question 24

how do you ventilate the patient

Answer 24

• this is a 2 person technique
• ensure an adequate seal
• use cylinder alongside a bag valve mask

Question 25

how much oxygen do you administer during ventilation

Answer 25

15 litres of 100% oxygen per minute

Question 26

what are the features of an oxygen cylinder

Answer 26

- cylinder gauge - oxygen litre titration - tubing port

Question 27

how many litres of oxygen does the bag on the bag valve mask hold

Answer 27

2

Question 28

what are the features of a bag valve mask

Answer 28

oxygen reservoir self filling bag delivery valve mask oxygen inlet

Question 29

what are HMEs and what do they do

Answer 29

these are humidity moisture exchange filters and are there to protect you from any aerosols

Question 30

how does basic life support change if someone has covid

Answer 30

- you cover the nose and mouth of the patient with whatever there is to hand - wear complete ppe - do not go near the airway unless in full ppe - to stay clear of the airway whilst still checking for breathing, press hand on the chest and palpate for carotid pulse for 10 seconds to check for life. can assess breathing visually

Question 31

where are the defibrillators in the dental hospital

Answer 31

on level 1, 3, 4, 6, 7

Question 32

where is the defib on level 1

Answer 32

surgery 1

Question 33

where is the defib on level 3

Answer 33

mops

Question 34

where is the defib on level 4

Answer 34

recovery

Question 35

where is the defib on level 6

Answer 35

clean room A/B

Question 36

where is the defib on level 7

Answer 36

clinic D

Question 37

what is involved in post resuscitation care

Answer 37

reassessment of breathing and circulation reassure the casualty even if they are unconscious. do not tell them they died and came back. maintain the airway, deliver oxygen via the bag valve mask unless they are uncomfortable with the aid do not remove the AED pads, cover them up to provide dignity and warmth be prepared to administer further cpr if there is rearrest keep all the emergency equipment to hand

Question 38

what are the features of a non rebreathing trauma oxygen mask

Answer 38

- expiration and inspiration valves - oxygen feeding line - oronasal face mask - oxygen reservoir bag

Question 39

what are oropharygneal airway adjuncts

Answer 39

medical devices used to maintain the patient's airway

Question 40

how can a dental practice be ventilated

Answer 40

extractor fans and open windows

Question 41

how long does it take for me to get used to this

Answer 41

not very long allegedly - feeling very nervous about this change in software I will not lie I do not know what I am doing this is very fun to use