Basics

Question 1

1.Oogenesis - mitosis stops @
2. Transition period
3. Meiosis 1 gets arrested in
4. Meiosis 2 gets arrested in

Answer 1

1. 20 wks
2. 12 to 20 wks
3. Prophase
4. Metaphase

Question 2

Number of oogonia
1. @20wks of IUL
2. @ birth
3. @ puberty
4. Released totally
5. Recruitment rate

Answer 2

1. 7 mill
2. 1.2 mill
3. 4 lakh
4. 400
5. 1000/cycle

Question 3

1.Largest cell in the body
2. Inner cell membrane
3. Outer transparent mucoprotein envelope
4. Polar bodies are present in

Answer 3

1. Mature ova
2. Vitelline membrane
3. Zona pellucida
4. Perivitelline space

Question 4

1. No. Of spermatozoa from 1 spermatogonium
2. Time for spermatogenesis
3. Time taken to reach vas deferents
4. Time for epididymis maturation

Answer 4

1. 512
2. 71 days
3. 3 months
4. 2-3 wks

Question 5

1. Time taken for capacitation
2. Biochemical change
3. Site of liquefaction
4. Time for liquefaction
5. Speed of sperm after capacitation

Answer 5

1. 2-6hrs
2. Ca influx and H effluent
3. Prostate
4. <20 min
5. 2-3mm/hr

Question 6

1. Oocyte viable for
2. Sperm viable for
3. Sperm viable in vagina for

Answer 6

1. 24hrs
2. 72hrs
3. 4hrs

Question 7

Days post fertilisation
1. Morula
2. Blastocyst
3. Zona hatching
4. Implantation

Answer 7

1. D4
2. D5
3. D4-d5
4. D6-D11

Question 8

Stages of implantation

Answer 8

Apposition
Adhesion
Penetration
Invasion

Question 9

1. Villi overlying the decidua basalis forms
2. Villi overlying the decidua capsularis forms
3. Decidua capsularis and parietalis fuse by

Answer 9

1. Chorion frondosum
2. Chorion levae
3. 12-16wks

Question 10

Membrane between decidua basalis and myometrium?
Defect in this membrane leads to?

Answer 10

Nitabusch memb
Adherent placenta

Question 11

Days post fertilisation
1. Utero placental circulation
2. Primary villi
3. Secondary villi
4. Tertiary villi
5. Feto placental circulation

Answer 11

1. D11
2. D13 syncytial+cyto
3. D16 +ICM
4. D21 +fetal vessels
5. D22

Question 12

1. Diameter of placenta
2. Thickness of placenta
3. No. Of cotyledons
4. Length of cord
5. Short cord
6. Long cord

Answer 12

1. 15-20 cm
2. 2.5cm
3. 15-20cm
4. 55cm
5. <25cm
6. > 100cm

Question 13

1. Placental weight equals fetal weight by
2. Ratio @ term
3. Fetal macrophages
4. Fetoplacental blood flow
5. Uteroplacental blood flow
6. Intervillous space

Answer 13

1. 17wks
2. 1:6
3. Hafbauer cells
4. 100-150ml
5. 500-750ml
6. 150ml

Question 14

Abnormal placenta
1. Basal plate larger
2. Both basal plate and amniotic memb larger
3. Accessory lobe
4. Avascular accessory lobe
5. Division of umbilical vessels
6. Marginal cord insertion
7. Vessels running through amniotic memb

Answer 14

1. Cirmcummarginate
2. Cricumvallate - common
3. Succenturiata
4. Spuria
5. Furcata
6. Battledore
7. Vellamentous

Question 15

Types of vasa previa

Answer 15

Type 1 vellamantous insertion
Type 2 succenturiata with communicating vessel

Question 16

Types of adherent placenta

Answer 16

1. Accreta - partial myometrium
2. Increta - entire myometrium
3. Percreta - serosa

Question 17

Causes of adherent placenta
Mc cause
IOC
Treatment

Answer 17

Placenta previa, uterine scarring(mc), endometritis
IOC MRI»DOPPLER
Cesarian hysterectomy or
PN methotrexate

Question 18

Methods of placental seperation
Signs

Answer 18

Skull - central seperation
Mathew Duncan - marginal seperation

Shroders - suprapubic bulge
Kushner - extravulval elongation of cord
Gush of blood

Question 19

Carbatocin

Answer 19

Analogue of oxytocin
Heat stable
Direct IV
Dose 100mcg

Question 20

SUA mc associated with

Answer 20

Trisomy 18
IODM
Cardiac anomalies

Question 21

hCG:
Also called as
Biochemical Nature:
Act via
Molecular weight:
T½:
Doubling Time:
Subunits:
Structurally similar to HCG:

Answer 21

LH surrogate
Glycoprotein
LH receptors
36000 D
36 hrs
48 hrs
Alpha, beta
TSH,FSH,LH

Question 22

Source of HCG:
Before 5 weeks:
After 5 weeks:
Chromosome coding alpha chair
Chromosome coding beta chain’
Maximum levels:
Earliest detectable:
Peaks at:
Disappears from circulation
———— stimulates hcg production
Clearance

Answer 22

Syncytio and cyto
Syncytio
Chr 6
Chr 19
1 lakh
D8 post fertilisation
60-70 days
2wks postpartum
Placental GnRH
Liver>kidney

Question 23

Increasing hcg

Answer 23

Placentomegaly (multiple, dm, rh incompatibility)
Downs
Gtd

Question 24

Decrease hcg

Answer 24

Edwards
Patau
IUD
Abortion
Ectopic

Question 25

Functions of hcg

Answer 25

1.Rescue & maintainance of - Corpus luteum 2.Stimulates - Leydig cell replication (Leydig cell ->(estosterone) 3.increase testosterone secretion -> Male sexual differentiation 4.Stimulates maternal thyroid gland. (TSH) 5.increase Relaxin secretion from corpus luteum. 6.Uterine vasodilatation & myometrial relaxation 7.Expansion of decidual (NK cells)

Question 26

Hpl Also called as Biochemical nature Mol weihjt Structurally similar to Source before 6 weeks is: Source after 6 weeks' is: Encoded by Detected earlist Peaks T1/2

Answer 26

Chorionic GH Peptide 22279 D GH and prolactin Syncytio and cyto Cyto Chr 17 3 weeks post fertilisation 34-36wks 20min

Question 27

Function of hpl

Answer 27

1.Diabetogenic hormone of pregnancy 2.Angiogenic - fetal vessel formation 3.Increase insulin synthesis (beta cell hyperplasia) 4.Increase Insulin secretion 5.Decrease leptin secretion 6.Promotes lipolysis

Question 28

1.CRH raises by 2. Peaks by 3. Stimulates 4. Secreted by

Answer 28

1. 30 wks 2. 40wks 3. Surfactant synthesis and initiates labour 4. Placenta

Question 29

Placental steroids source 1. 1st tri 2. 2nd tri 3. Uteroplacental transition

Answer 29

1. Corpus luteum 2. Placenta 3. 8-12wks

Question 30

1.Estrogen cannot be syn by placenta due to absence of 2. Hormones for placental estrogen syn 3. Precursor for estrogen in placenta 4. MC and most sp estogen in preg

Answer 30

1. 17,20 lyase 2. Steroid sulphatase, 3 beta HSD, Aromatase 3. DHEAS 4. Mc - E2: Most sp - E3

Question 31

PLACENTAL HORMONES Hypothalamic Pituitary Others

Answer 31

PLACENTAL HORMONES Hypothalamic GnRH,GHRH,TRH,CRH Pituitary ACTH,GH Others HCG,HPL, NEUROPEPTIDE Y, Inhibin, activin, PTH-P

Question 32

Source of amniotic fluid <12 wks 12- 20 wks >20wks

Answer 32

Source of amniotic fluid <12 wks. MATERNAL PLASMA>FETAL SKIN 12- 20 wks FETAL URINE> MAT PLASMA> FETAL SKIN >20wks FETAL URINE> MAT PLASMA

Question 33

CONSTITUENT OF AMNIOTIC FLUID

Answer 33

Water 98% G 20 U 30 L 50 P 0.3

Question 34

1. Mode of resorption of amniotic fluid 2. Entirely replaced by

Answer 34

1. Swallowing> trsnsmembranous exchange 2. 3hrs

Question 35

Key events @ 12 wks IUL

Answer 35

1. SWALLOWING 2. BREATHING 3. URINATION 4. EXTERNAL GENITALIA COMPLETELY FORMED

Question 36

COULOR OF AMNIOTIC FLUID Green Yellow Saffron Red Tobacco juice

Answer 36

COULOR OF AMNIOTIC FLUID Green Meconium Yellow Jaundcie Saffron Postdated Red Abruption Tobacco juice IUD

Question 37

Volume of amniotic fluid max@

Answer 37

34WKS- 1000ML 12 wks 50ml @term 800ml 43wks 200ml

Question 38

Normal AFI and SDP

Answer 38

AFI 5-25CM SDP 2-8CM

Question 39

RENAL DEFECTS CAUSING POLYHYDRAMNIOS MCC

Answer 39

PUJ obstruction Barter syndrome Mesoblastic nephroma MCC Idiopathic

Question 40

Oligohydramnios MCC DRUGS CAUSING

Answer 40

Mcc PROM> Post dated NSAIDS/ ACE -/ ARBS

Question 41

MGT OF Sev oliohydramnios Mild oligohydramnios

Answer 41

MGT OF Sev oliohydramnios IOL immediately Mild oligohydramnios IOL @ 37completed wks