Bed Care

Question 1

Define:

Bedcare

Answer 1

The process of maintaining a clean, comfortable, and safe bed environment for patients.

Proper bedcare helps prevent infections, pressure ulcers, and discomfort.

Question 2

What is the purpose of bed rails?

Answer 2

• To prevent falls
• To provide support for repositioning

The purpose of bed rails is to prevent falls and to provide support for repositioning.

CNA Insight: Bed rails are considered a restraint in some cases. You must always check the care plan and facility policy before raising or lowering a bed rail.

Question 3

Why is it important to ensure the bed is at the correct height for the patient?

Answer 3

• To prevent falls
• To make transfers easier

It is important to ensure the bed is at the correct height to prevent falls and to make transfers easier.

CNA Insight: When you leave the room, the bed must always be in the lowest position to prevent the resident from falling a long distance if they try to get out of bed alone.

Question 4

Define:

Bed Cradle

Answer 4

A device that keeps bed linens from pressing on the patient’s legs and feet.

Used for patients with burns, ulcers, or fragile skin.

Question 5

List THREE common types of specialty beds.

Answer 5

1. Air-fluidized
2. Alternating-pressure
3. Low-air loss

Common types include air-fluidized, alternating-pressure, and low-air loss beds. These beds are used for residents who are at high risk for pressure ulcers. You must ensure the bed is plugged in and working correctly.

Question 6

Which type of bed is commonly used in healthcare settings?

Answer 6

Adjustable hospital bed.

These beds help caregivers provide care while maintaining patient comfort.

Question 7

List THREE reasons why a patient may need an adjustable bed.

Answer 7

1. Mobility issues
2. Medical conditions
3. Comfort needs

A patient may need an adjustable bed due to mobility issues, medical conditions, or comfort needs.

For example, a resident with heart failure may need the head of the bed raised to help them breathe better.

Question 8

What should always be checked before raising or lowering a hospital bed?

Answer 8

Ensure bed wheels are locked.

Locked wheels prevent the bed from shifting unexpectedly.

Question 9

What is an alternating-pressure mattress?

Answer 9

A mattress that inflates and deflates sections to relieve pressure.

Helps prevent pressure sores in immobile patients.

Question 10

What is the purpose of a mattress pad?

Answer 10

To cushion the mattress and protect it from soiling.

Increases comfort and hygiene.

Question 11

How can bedmaking affect a patient’s well-being?

Answer 11

A clean bed promotes comfort and prevents infections.

Ensuring hygiene is essential in patient care.

Question 12

List key steps of making an occupied bed.

Answer 12

1. Turn the patient to one side and use a side rail or caregiver support.
2. Change linens one side at a time while ensuring patient safety.
3. Ensure proper alignment and patient comfort after making the bed.

Key steps include turning the patient to one side and changing linens one side at a time.

CNA Insight: An occupied bed is made while the resident is still in it. You must always use a side rail or have another caregiver assist you to ensure the resident’s safety and prevent them from falling out of bed.

Question 13

Which supplies are needed to make an occupied bed?

Answer 13

• Clean linens
• Gloves
• Bath blanket

Ensuring all supplies are ready prevents unnecessary movement.

Also ensure you have help if repositioning is needed.

Question 14

What should be done before leaving a patient after making the bed?

Answer 14

Ensure the call signal is within reach and return the resident to a comfortable position.

Before leaving, ensure the call signal is within reach and the resident is in a comfortable position.

CNA Insight: This is the last step of the procedure and is a critical safety check. The bed must also be in the lowest position to prevent falls.

Question 15

How often should bed linens be changed in a healthcare setting?

Answer 15

At least once a week or as needed.

If the linens are wet, soiled, or wrinkled, they must be changed immediately. Clean, dry, and wrinkle-free linens are the best defense against pressure ulcers (bedsores).

Question 16

List THREE ways of ensuring privacy while making an occupied bed.

Answer 16

1. Close the privacy curtain
2. Use a bath blanket
3. Keep the patient covered

You can ensure privacy by closing the privacy curtain, using a bath blanket, and keeping the patient covered.

Only expose the part of the resident’s body you are working on. This respects their dignity and makes them feel more comfortable during the procedure.

Question 17

What should be observed when handling dirty linen?

Answer 17

• Roll them inward when removing them to contain contaminants and prevent the spread of germs.
• Handle soiled linens with gloves.
• Transport them in a linen bag or hamper, not against the body.

You should roll them inward to contain contaminants and transport them in a linen bag or hamper, not against the body.

CNA Insight: Never shake dirty linen, as this spreads germs into the air. Always wear gloves and keep the linen away from your uniform to prevent contamination.

Question 18

Why is it important to tuck in bed linens properly?

Answer 18

Loose linens can cause falls or discomfort.

Tidy bedmaking ensures safety and comfort. Linens should also be kept smooth and wrinkle-free to prevent friction and skin irritation.

Use the mitered corner technique to ensure the sheets are tight and smooth, especially at the foot of the bed.

Question 19

What is the difference between a closed bed and an open bed?

Answer 19

• Closed bed: It is fully made
• Open bed: It has the top linens folded down

Open beds are prepared for immediate patient use.

Question 20

How should a bed be prepared for a new admission?

Answer 20

Use fresh linens and ensure cleanliness.

A clean bed creates a welcoming and hygienic environment.

Question 21

How can caregivers maintain safety when making a bed?

Answer 21

1. Keep supplies organized
2. Raise the bed
3. Use proper body mechanics

Raising the bed to your waist level prevents you from bending over, which protects your back. Always lock the wheels before raising the bed.

Question 22

Why is airflow important in a patient’s room?

Answer 22

To maintain comfort and reduce odors.

Good ventilation supports a healthy environment.

Question 23

What type of bed is prepared for a surgical patient?

Answer 23

A surgical bed with linens fanfolded to the side.

Allows easy transfer from a stretcher.

Question 24

What is the purpose of proper positioning in bed care?

Answer 24

• Promote comfort
• Prevent complications
• Maintain body alignment

Proper positioning reduces the risk of pressure ulcers, poor circulation, and contractures. Proper positioning is used to promote comfort, prevent complications, and maintain body alignment.

CNA Insight: Good alignment means the resident’s body is straight, like when they are standing. This prevents strain on their joints and muscles.

Question 25

What is the purpose of a **positioning schedule**?

Answer 25

To ensure patients are repositioned regularly to **prevent complications**. ## Footnote Schedules are part of individualized care plans.

Question 26

How **often** should a bedridden person be **repositioned**?

Answer 26

At least every **two hours**. ## Footnote Immobile or unconscious patients require regular repositioning.

Question 27

What is the purpose of a **draw sheet**?

Answer 27

To **assist in repositioning** and prevent friction injuries. ## Footnote The purpose of a draw sheet is to assist in repositioning and prevent friction injuries. A draw sheet is a small sheet placed under the resident from the shoulders to the knees. You use it to lift and move the resident, which prevents their skin from dragging on the bed.

Question 28

List THREE reasons why **repositioning** a bedridden patient is **important**.

Answer 28

1. Prevents pressure ulcers 2. Improves circulation 3. Reduces discomfort ## Footnote These complications can cause pain and mobility issues.

Question 29

# Which position involves: 1. Lying flat on the back 2. Arms at the sides 3. Palms facing downwards

Answer 29

**Supine** position ## Footnote This position is commonly used for rest and recovery. Supporting weak arms with small pillows can prevent strain.

Question 30

# Fill in the blank: The Fowler’s position involves **elevating the head of the bed to** \_\_\_\_ degrees.

Answer 30

45 ## Footnote The Fowler’s position involves elevating the head of the bed to 45 degrees. **CNA Insight**: This is the standard position for comfort and is used for residents who are eating or watching TV.

Question 31

# True or False: **High Fowler’s** position raises the head of the bed to **60-90** degrees.

Answer 31

True ## Footnote This is the most upright position. It is used for residents while eating and for those with severe breathing problems. Keeping the resident this upright is the best way to reduce the risk of aspiration (food or liquid going into the lungs).

Question 32

# Define: **Side-lying** (Lateral) Position

Answer 32

A position where the person lies **on their side with a pillow between the knees**. ## Footnote It helps reduce pressure on the back and promotes comfort.

Question 33

What is the **modified** side-lying position?

Answer 33

A variation of the lateral position where the person **leans slightly backward**. ## Footnote It helps relieve pressure on the hip and spine.

Question 34

How should the **lower arm** be positioned in the **lateral position**?

Answer 34

**Away from the body** to avoid pressure. ## Footnote The lower arm should be positioned away from the body to avoid pressure. If the resident lies on their arm, it can cut off circulation and cause nerve damage. Always check that the lower arm is comfortable and not trapped under the body.

Question 35

# Fill in the blank: The \_\_\_\_\_ position is used for **rectal exams and enemas**.

Answer 35

Sims' ## Footnote This is a semi-prone position where the resident is on their left side with the right knee bent up. You must ensure the resident is draped properly to maintain their privacy.

Question 36

# Define: Logrolling

Answer 36

A technique used to turn a patient while **keeping the spine aligned**. ## Footnote Commonly used for patients with spinal injuries.

Question 37

# Define: **Trendelenburg** Position

Answer 37

A position where the **head of the bed is lowered** and the **feet are elevated**. ## Footnote This position is sometimes used to treat shock or to help with certain medical procedures. You must never use this position unless specifically ordered by the nurse.

Question 38

Which position is often used for **surgical procedures** or drainage?

Answer 38

**Prone** position ## Footnote In this position, the patient lies flat on their stomach. **CNA Insight**: This position is rarely used for long periods. You must ensure the resident's head is turned to the side and that their arms are positioned comfortably.

Question 39

List TWO **benefits** of using positioning aids.

Answer 39

1. Improved alignment 2. Reduced pressure points ## Footnote Positioning aids include pillows, wedges, and foam rolls.

Question 40

What is the best way to **prevent foot drop** in bedridden patients?

Answer 40

Using a **footboard** or positioning the feet at a 90-degree angle. ## Footnote The best way is to use a footboard or position the feet at a 90-degree angle. **CNA Insight**: Foot drop is when the foot permanently points down. A footboard keeps the foot straight and prevents this from happening.

Question 41

Which position is preferred for a patient with **breathing difficulties**?

Answer 41

**Fowler’s** or **High Fowler’s** position. ## Footnote Elevating the head helps expand the lungs.

Question 42

How should a patient be positioned after meals to **prevent aspiration**?

Answer 42

With the head elevated **at least 30 degrees**. ## Footnote This is the minimum elevation for safety. Always keep the head of the bed elevated for at least 30 minutes after a meal to prevent food from coming back up and going into the lungs.

Question 43

List THREE complications that may arise **from prolonged bed rest**.

Answer 43

1. Loss of muscle tone 2. Reduced blood flow to lower extremities 3. Pressure ulcers ## Footnote Complications include loss of muscle tone (atrophy or muscle wasting), reduced blood flow, and pressure ulcers. **CNA Insight**: Prolonged bed rest is dangerous. Lack of movement can also cause **contractures** (joints freezing in a bent position). You must encourage the resident to move as much as possible and assist with Range of Motion (ROM) exercises to prevent these serious complications.