Behaviour Change

Question 1

What is the COM-B model?

Answer 1

• Communication
• Opportunity
• Motivation
• all essential for Behaviour change

Question 2

What are the three consulting styles?

Answer 2

• directing
  
  • delivery of expert advice
  • best used when good rapport established
  • must be well timed, relevant and delivered engagingly
• following
  
  • utilising listening skills
  • used where sensitivity is required
  • aims to provide support and encouragement
• guiding
  
  • patient and clinician work together
  • identify patient goals
  • useful for those unsure about change

Question 3

What are the 4 main communication skills for a guiding style of consulting?

Answer 3

• OARS
• Open questions
  
  • provides deeper understanding of patient views
• Affirmation
  
  • demonstrate appreciated for patients efforts
• Reflective listening
  
  • enables listener to check what has been said by speaker
• Summary

Question 4

What are common types of desired behaviour change, especially relevant to dentistry?

Answer 4

• stop
  
  • smoking
  • taking drugs
• reduce
  
  • alcohol intake
  • chocolate consumption
  • food consumption
• take up
  
  • exercise
  • interdental cleaning

Question 5

What is behaviour change counselling?

Answer 5

• brief form of motivational interviewing
  
  • helps with compliance
  • patient centred method

Question 6

What are the cycles of behaviour change?

Answer 6

• pre contemplation
  
  • not interested in change
• contemplation
  
  • interested in change in the future
• preparation
  
  • want to change now
• action
• maintenance

Question 7

How can rapport be established?

Answer 7

• ask questions to improve understanding of patient
  
  • “take me through a typical day”
  • smoking diaries
  • diet diaries
  • apps/wearable technology

Question 8

What is included for an agenda concerning behaviour change?

Answer 8

• set a goal for behaviour to change
  
  • multiple behaviours
  • single behaviours

Question 9

What is readiness to change concerning behaviour change?

Answer 9

• individual sees value in change
  
  • confidence they can change
• confidence and importance of change are vital for readiness
  
  • increases chances of success

Question 10

How should information be exchanged with a patient attempting to change behaviour?

Answer 10

• on patients terms
  
  • pitched at correct level

Question 11

What is resistance to behaviour change?

Answer 11

• patient not ready to implement change

Question 12

How can resistance to behaviour change be reduced?

Answer 12

• emphasise personal choice and control
• back off and come alongside the patient