Behaviour problems (conduct)

Question 1

challenging behaviour feature of

Answer 1

a range of developmental or mental health disorders.
e.g ADHD, ASD, IDD, anxiety

could also be due to consequence of context
- sleep, nutrition, relationships, reinforcement

Question 2

Non compliant behaviour

Answer 2

refusal to follow directions, rules or requests

Question 3

impulse control and conduct disorders (3)

Answer 3

oppositional defiant disorder

intermittent explosive disorder

conduct disorder

Question 4

oppositional defiant disorder, and Cx

Answer 4

a pattern of angry, argumentative and defiant beahviour toward authority WITHOUT aggression
- onset childhood

at least 6 months, 4 of these exhibited with at least on other person (not sibling)
- loses temper, angry, resentful, argues with authority or adults, actively defies and refuses to comply with requests, blames others,

distress in invividul or other members in immediate scoial context, negative impact on society

Question 5

Intermittent explosive disorder

Answer 5

Sudden outbursts of anger or aggression that are out of proportion to the situation
- episodic
- early adolescent

Question 6

Conduct Disorder

Answer 6

Serious persistent patterns of violating the rights of others by breaking societal rules or causing harm

• early adolescence

Question 7

prevalence behavioural disorders

Answer 7

• increases across age, 17yrs is peak until about 30yrs

ODD 3.3%
IED 4.4%
CD: 4.0% - 2-3* more liekly in males

NZ 5-10%

Question 8

negative outcomes of conduct/behavioural problems

Answer 8

Mental illness vulnerability
- Dunedin study 25-60% of people that were in adult psych wards met cirteria for ODD/CD as a teenager

Poor physicla health
- cardioasvular, dental, frquent GP $$’

suicide, SU, Violence, Crime

Question 9

lifetime outcomes of conduct problems

Answer 9

those who epericne chilhood or adolesence conduct problems show life ling costs in society e.g crime and violence

Early and persistent conduct problems = huge burden on society across criminal justice, health, and welfare systems.

Question 10

IED Cx

Answer 10

a) reccurent outburst and failure to control agressinve impulses (verbal, physcial) at leas twice weekly for 3 months or 3* damage, destruction physical assault within 12 months

B) out of proportion
C) not premeditated
D) aged at least 6+

Question 11

Conduct disorder Cx

Answer 11

repetivitve persitent patterns of breaking the rights of others or major related age appropirate societal norms 3 within the last 12 months and 1 in 6 monhts

• aggression to people or animals
• destruction of property
• theft or deceitfulness
• serious violation of rules

Question 12

Comorbidity

Answer 12

anxiety, depression
learning problems, poor academic achievement
ADHD presented within 50% of CD

Question 13

Biopscyhosocial model of CD

Answer 13

bio predispositon adn social predispostion + parrenting and peer influecnes, leading to devlopmen of mental processes leading ot CD

Question 14

Childhood risk factors of CD

Answer 14

Systematic/social
- poverty, deprivation, deviant peer groups, school failure

parent
- harsh, neglectful, low monitoring and supervision, parental mental heath issues, arguments

child facotrs
- irritable, impulsive, agressive, poor emotion regualtion, neurocognitive difficulties e.g ADHD

Question 15

ineffective treamtents for beahvioural or conduct problems

Answer 15

Boot camps and wilderness programs

hospital treatment/clinical setting, juvi

individual counselling - doest address family.social outcomes

group treatments - can make things worse peers influencing each other

Question 16

Interventions that do work

Answer 16

Parent management training
- teaching anf improving parenting skills, enhabing parent child relationshops and reducing coercive or inconsistent discipline

Question 17

Examples of Parent management internvetions

Answer 17

Triple P (postive parenting programme)
- strengthen parenting skills
- positive reinforcement, consistent rules, managing misbehaviour,

integrated family intervention
- parent training and child focused interventions
- improving parent child communication

Question 18

3 common focuses of effective parent training interventions

Answer 18

Reinforcement processes (behavioural or systems)

family structure (systems)

Attributions (cognitive)

Question 19

Therapy and limitations

Answer 19

early intervention = better outcomes espc with ODD

psychotheraphy: Parents tend to rate improvements higher than the children themselves.

limitations: Treatments that work well in controlled research settings often perform less well in real-world clinical conditions.

There is a major gap in dissemination and implementation—many families never access high-quality interventions.

Up to 50% of children continue to show clinical-level disruptive behaviour after treatment (Dedousis-Wallace et al., 2021).

Drop-out rates are higher for families with more severe difficulties, reducing overall effectiveness.