Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Question 1

What is it?
who gets it?
What are symptoms like?

Answer 1

Enlargement of prostate gland leading to disruption of urine outflow from bladder to urethra

50% of men have signs of it by 50; 70% by 60-69

similar to LUTS —> how to tell apart?

• difficulty starting urine stream
• decreased/weaker flow of urine
• urinary frequency

Question 2

Complications of BPH

Answer 2

Pretty rare

Acute urinary retention

• sudden and painful inability to urinate
• treatment involves catheter insertion or surgery if severe

UTI

• incomplete bladder emptying/residual urine allows for bacterial growth
• if it gets bad, can lead to pyelonephritis, sepsis, or bladder calculi

Renal failure

• caused by hydronephrosis
• bladder damage
• ***basically urine backs up, kidneys don’t make more urine, the body thinks they’re not needed - shuts them down

Question 3

Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)

• what is it?
• postprocedure?

Answer 3

A procedure involving the removal of prostate tissue using a resectoscope through the urethra

Postprocedure: 3 way indwelling catheter with 30 mL balloon inserted for hemostasis and to facilitate urinary drainage

• continuous or intermittent irrigation for first 24 hrs if lots of blood and clots
• works great! decreases symptoms and increases urine flow

Question 4

TURP risks

Answer 4

Low risk, but still some

TUR or TURP syndrome = nausea, vomiting, confusion, HTN, bradycardia
-results from hyponatremia due to longer operative times and prolonged intraoperative bladder irrigation with iso-osmolar fluid; now use ipolar rectoscope and saline to reduce risk

Bleeding and clot retention - other possible postop complications

Retrograde ejaculation often happens

Question 5

Dif bt BPH and cancer?

Answer 5

BPH involves enlargement of inside of prostate, while cancer involves enlargement of outside