Beverages

Question 1

Understand components of carbonated non-alcoholic beverage

Answer 1

1. Sweeteners (high fructose corn syrup)
2. non-nutritive sweeteners (aspartame, saccharin) - no calories
3. flavours (synthetic, natural flavour extracts or fruit juice concentrate)
4. colours (synthetic agents have strict requirements: caramelized sugar gives brown colour in cola & natural juice are supplemented with synthetic agents)
5. Acids (pH lowers = phosphoric, citric, fumaric, tartaric & malic acids) = preservatives.
6. water (92% of drink which are colourless, odourless, tasteless, free of organic matter)
7. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) = (sparkle to drink, highly controlled, at low temps)

Question 2

Describe how carbonated non-alcoholic beverages are manufactured

Answer 2

After water has been filtered and purified

1. Mixed: with syrups
2. Carbonated: add CO2
3. filling: packaged into bottles

Question 3

Discuss 2 examples of healthy drink beverages

Answer 3

1. water = filtered and pure. (mineral, spring, prepared, still, carbonated and flavoured water types)
2. gatorade = provides fluids, minerals and energy
   Contains = water, sucrose, glucose-fructose syrup, citric acid, natural flavours, salt, sodium citrate, mono-potassium phosphate.

Question 4

Indicate how fermentation plays a role in coffee production

Answer 4

removal of skin and pulp = mucilanginous parchment are fermented.
- pectin breaks down followed by lactic acid fermentation
(Strips the skin and pulp to be left with bean)

Question 5

Describe different ways of instant coffee and decaffeinated coffee production

Answer 5

Instant = atomized spray of very strong coffee extract through a hot air jet

• water is evaporated leaving dry coffee which is packaged
• also can be freeze-dried

Decaf = processed in a bathof methylene chloride or ethyl acetate = removes 97% of caffine
then steamed to remove additional solutes.

Question 6

Identify plants that produce coffee and tea

Answer 6

Coffee = scrub called coffea.
- C. arabica or C. canephora (Robustas)

Tea = Camellia sinesis (south east Asia)

Question 7

Compare Tea to herbal teas

Answer 7

Teas 
small, young leaves of plants. 
1. fermented (black)
2. partially fermented (oolong)
3. unfermented (green)

Herbal
leaves, flowers, roots, bark and seeds from all different plants