Define cell.
The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
True or false: Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus.
TRUE
Examples include bacteria and archaea.
What is the function of the nucleus?
It stores genetic material and controls cell activities.
Fill in the blank: Photosynthesis occurs in _______ of plant cells.
Chloroplasts
Define osmosis.
The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low to high solute concentration.
What is the cell membrane?
A protective barrier that regulates what enters and exits the cell.
True or false: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
TRUE
They generate ATP through cellular respiration.
What is the role of ribosomes?
They synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA.
Fill in the blank: Eukaryotic cells have _______ and membrane-bound organelles.
Nuclei
Define chromosomes.
Structures made of DNA and proteins that contain genetic information.
What is mitosis?
The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells.
True or false: Meiosis produces diploid cells.
FALSE
Meiosis produces haploid gametes for sexual reproduction.
Fill in the blank: Cell theory states that all living things are made of _______.
Cells
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
It synthesizes proteins and lipids and transports materials within the cell.
Define enzyme.
A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions.
What is the role of lysosomes?
They digest waste materials and cellular debris.
True or false: Cytoplasm is the fluid inside the cell.
TRUE
It contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.
Fill in the blank: Cellular respiration converts glucose into _______.
ATP
What is the function of golgi apparatus?
It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion.
Define tissue.
A group of similar cells that perform a specific function.
What is the role of stem cells?
They can differentiate into various cell types and have the ability to self-renew.
True or false: Plant cells have cell walls made of cellulose.
TRUE
This provides structural support and protection.
Fill in the blank: ATP stands for _______.
Adenosine triphosphate
What is the function of vacuoles?
They store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.
