Bio unit 2

Question 1

functions of integral protein

Answer 1

• transport
• ID tag
• attached point for cytoskeleton
• enzyme sequence
• cell to cell junction
• signal transduction`

Question 2

attachment point for cytoskeleton-integral protein

Answer 2

microtubules-protein connected to proteins that are not integral (peripheral protein) that are pressed up against membrane.
microtubules connected to centrosome

Question 3

enzymatic sequence-integral protein

Answer 3

metabolic pathway: enzyme connected together, makes a product at the end.

Question 4

cell to cell junction/connection-integral protein

Answer 4

1. nectin-tight function, ax and hook
2. desmosome- microtubules inside membrane connects to nectin (stronger junction for pulling)
   - gap junction-channel protein

Question 5

signal transduction-integral protein

Answer 5

have site on ECM that catches extracellular protein-hormones

Question 6

after getting hormone

Answer 6

part of integral protein inside cell becomes enzyme makes a product that go into nucleus to trigger transcription/production of stuff (make spec protein)

Question 7

low water potential

Answer 7

low chance of water moving out quickly

Question 8

high water potential

Answer 8

low solute

Question 9

to calculate water potential

Answer 9

Y=Ys+Yp

Ys: solute potential to get in the way (-)

Yp: pressure

Question 10

more pressure

Answer 10

increase in water movement/potential (+)

Question 11

water movement

Answer 11

high to low

Question 12

Y=-iCRT

Answer 12

i: sugar-1, salt-2
C: cocen of solute
R: presure on cell by water= .0831
T: kelvin (ºC+273)

Question 13

phospholipid

Answer 13

hydrophilic=phosphate
hydrophobic=fatty acid, non polar, not aqueous.
amphipathic: both

Question 14

membrane

Answer 14

phospholipids don’t interact with each other and can b manipulated.
cold envir: loses fluid- unsaturated
-protein don’t stay in place

Question 15

goals of membrane

Answer 15

• resist solidifying as temp decrease

- resist falling apart as temp increase

Question 16

cholesterol

Answer 16

allow fluidity w/o too much fluidity

Question 17

no charge items

Answer 17

no channel protein

Question 18

charged item

Answer 18

use channel protein

Question 19

sugar

Answer 19

fa diff

Question 20

amino acid

Answer 20

fa dif

Question 21

nucleotides

Answer 21

fa diff

Question 22

steroids

Answer 22

fa diff

Question 23

O2

Answer 23

diff

Question 24

NH3

Answer 24

fa diff

Question 25

CO2

Answer 25

diff

Question 26

hormones

Answer 26

exocytosis

Question 27

channel protein

Answer 27

has specificity

Question 28

neuron

Answer 28

sodium outside. pumps-active transport pulls it outside

Question 29

ID tag

Answer 29

glycoprotein-polysaccharid- blood type; every has different sugar sequence