bio unit test

Question 1

what is cell theory

Answer 1

all cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 2

what cell cycle is the action of a cell dividing into two exact copies

Answer 2

mitosis

Question 3

what tumours are considered non cancerous

Answer 3

binign

Question 4

what tumours are considered cancerous

Answer 4

malingant

Question 5

what do the small intestines do

Answer 5

absorbs nutrients from the food we eat

Question 6

how do the small intestines absorb the food we eat

Answer 6

vast surface area and villi

Question 7

what are capillaries

Answer 7

the blood vessels that connect the arteries and veins

Question 8

what organ pumps blood into the body and lungs

Answer 8

heart

Question 9

what system is responsible for gas exchange

Answer 9

the respitory system

Question 10

centriole func

Answer 10

releases spindle fibres and helps with mitosis/controls chromosomes

Question 11

cell wall func

Answer 11

structure of plant cell

Question 12

chloroplast func

Answer 12

does photosynthesis, holds chlorophyll, makes plant green

Question 13

mitochondria

Answer 13

converts energy from nutrients to energy that the body/cell can use

Question 14

chromosome func

Answer 14

contains genes/genetic info

Question 15

golgi bodies

Answer 15

packages protein and sends it off for the cell

Question 16

vacuole

Answer 16

storages water, waste and nutrients

Question 17

cell membrane

Answer 17

controls what enters/comes into the cell (water)

Question 18

endoplasmic reticulumn

Answer 18

transports nutrients throughout the cell/holds proteins

Question 19

nucleus

Answer 19

holds DNA and controls all of cells activity

Question 20

name three differences between plant and animal cells

Answer 20

large vacuole, chloroplast and cell wall in plant cell

Question 21

what is bile

Answer 21

the digestive fluid that breaks down fats in food, found in the gallbladder but produced by the liver

Question 22

what does the liver do

Answer 22

produces bile, neutralizes acids from stomach and regulates blood glucose

Question 23

what do lungs do

Answer 23

gas exchange

Question 24

what is alveoli

Answer 24

small sacs at the end of bronchides, where gas exchange occurs

Question 25

what are platelets

Answer 25

create blood clots and help scab over (or help in general) injuries

Question 26

what is gallblader

Answer 26

releases to the duodenum, stores bile

Question 27

what is duodenum

Answer 27

the first part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach, leading to the jejunum.

Question 28

main tissues, organs or structures in the digestive system:

Answer 28

GI tract (mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small/large intestines, rectum, anus) and accessory organs (teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas)

Question 29

main tissues, organs or structures in the respitory system:

Answer 29

nose/mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs (with alveoli)

Question 30

main tissues, organs or structures in the circulatory system:

Answer 30

heart, blood vessels, blood, veins, arteries, capillaries, veins

Question 31

main tissues, organs or structures in the nervous system:

Answer 31

brain, spinal cord, neurons

Question 32

funcs of digestive system

Answer 32

breaks down food and uses it for energy

Question 33

funcs of resp system

Answer 33

gas exchange, incharge of body's breathing

Question 34

funcs of circ system

Answer 34

transports oxygen, nurtients to all cells of body and removes waste

Question 35

funcs of nerv system

Answer 35

sends signals throughout the body for our protection

Question 36

what are veins

Answer 36

thin walled, valved, large inner diameter veins that carry blood to the heart

Question 37

what are arteries

Answer 37

thickest veins, small inner diameter, no valves, carries blood away from heart

Question 38

what are stem cells

Answer 38

No specific function, renew themselves and turn into other specialized cells acting as a repair system

Question 39

what are specialized cells

Answer 39

preform specific jobs in organisms and cant turn into anything

Question 40

how are stem cells related to growth

Answer 40

creates new specialized cells (turns into them), enabelling tissues, organs to develop grow and repair

Question 41

4 examples of specialized cells in the body

Answer 41

skin, blood, sperm, muscle, nerve

Question 42

how does gas exchange work

Answer 42

02 from air diffuses into the blood, the CO2 from blood diffuses into air in lungs

Question 43

what is prophase

Answer 43

nucleous membrane dissolves, first stage of mitosis

Question 44

what is metaphase

Answer 44

second stage of mitosis, duplicated chromosomes, align perfectly along the cell's equator, forming an imaginary line called the metaphase plate,

Question 45

what is anaphase

Answer 45

third stage, separate and are pulled to opposite ends (poles) of the cell by spindle fibers

Question 46

what is telophase

Answer 46

the final stage of nuclear division, where two new nuclei form around the separated chromosome sets at opposite ends of the cell

Question 47

Explain how the Circulatory and Respiratory Systems work together to move oxygen and carbon dioxide around the body. (gas exchange, three types of blood vessles and heart)

Answer 47

lungs grab oxygen and release co2, while the heart pumps blood through vessels—arteries (away), capillaries (exchange sites), veins (back to heart)—to deliver oxygen to tissues via capillaries and pick up co2, which is then exhaled, powered by heart

Question 48

what does connective tissue do w examples

Answer 48

Diverse tissue type used for transport, support, and movement. Blood, bone, cartilage

Question 49

what does nervous tissue do w examples

Answer 49

Long , fibrous tissues composed of neurons. Used for transmission of electrochemical signals. Brain, nerves, spinal cord

Question 50

what does epitheleal tissue do w examples

Answer 50

Tissues which cover the inside and outside of organs. Used to secrete enzymes and other substances. Also used to protect underlying tissues. Skin, stomach lining

Question 51

what does msucle tissue do w examples

Answer 51

Long, corded tissues. Can be both involuntary and voluntary. Used to move various substances internally and the limbs externally. Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle