1
Q
DNA replication occurs in…..phase
A
S/synthetic phase
2
Q
Bases in DNA (4)
Double helix structure is bonded together by …..
A
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
Hydrogen bonds
3
Q
RNA differs from DNA in that ..(2)
A
- Deoxyribose sugar of DNA is replaced by ribose moiety
- Instead of thymine, uracil is present in RNA
4
Q
New synthesized strand is made in …
Restriction fragments can be analyzed using ….
A
5’-3’ direction
Gel electrophoresis
5
Q
What is cistrone?
A
Smallest fundamental unit of coding for DNA synthesis
6
Q
What is microsatellite sequence?
A
Short sequence repeats of DNA
7
Q
Protein binding to DNA contain ….
Fidelity enzyme in protein synthesis is ….
A
Zinc
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
8
Q
AMBER codon is…..codon
Transposons are ……
A
Termination codon
Jumping genes
9
Q
Abnormal purine bases are present in …..
Highest % of modified bases are present in…
A
tRNA
tRNA
10
Q
Prokaryotic RNA is ….
Eukaryotic RNA is …..
A
70 s ( 30S & 50S)
80s (40 S & 60 S)
11
Q
Normal role of microRNA is …..
Splicing activity is a function of …..
A
Gene regulation
Sn-RNA
12
Q
Sigma subunit of prokaryotic RNA polymerase -function?
A
Specifically recognizes promoter site
13
Q
Diseases associated with mitochondrial RNA (2)
A
- Mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke like disorders- MELAS
- Myoclonic epilepsy and ragged red fibers- MERRF syndrome
14
Q
Reverse transcriptase is ……
A
RNA dependent DNA polymerase
15
Q
6 characteristic of genetic code is (6)
A
- Universal
- Triplet
- Non-overlapping
- Non-punctuated
- Exhibit wobbling
- Degenerate- more than 1 codon can specify a single amino acid.
16
Q
Non-sense codon is ….
A
New codon is stop codon-usually non-functional
17
Q
Northern blot is …..
Microarray/ DNA chips : …….
FISH/ fluorescence in situ hybridization is ….
A
RNA
DNA sequencing
Rapid method of chromosome identification
18
Q
In PCR, oligonucleotides build copies of DNA using …..
Substances required for PCR (3)
A
Heat stable polymerase - Taq 1
- 2 primers
- Taq polymerase
- Magnesium
19
Q
Advantage of PCR (3)
A
- Prenatal diagnoses: beta thalassemia
PKU - Dx of infection: TB,HIV
- Forensic medicine
20
Q
Branched chain amino acid whose metabolism is abnormal in maple syrup urine disease …(2)
A
Valine
Isoleucine
21
Q
Essential amino acids
A
PVT TIM HaLL
Phenylalanine
Valine
Tyrosine
Threonine
Isoleucine
Methionine
Histidine
Leucine
Lysine
22
Q
Naturally occurring amino acids are ….
Most non polar amino acid is ….
Amino acid containing indole ring: ….
A
L-isomers
Leucine
Tryptophan
23
Q
Ammonia is detoxified in brain to …..
Creatinine is synthesized from …(3)
A
Glutamine
Glycine
Arginine
Methionine
24
Q
Buffering action of blood is due to ….
A
Histidine
25
Quaternary structure of proteins are …
Spatial relationship between individual polypeptide chains
26
Secondary structure (alpha helix and beta sheet) is stabilized by ….
Hydrogen bonds
27
What is SDS page used for ?
Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is used for
Separation and purification of individual proteins based on their molecular mass
28
SDS page is used for determining ….
Function of ion exchange chromatography
Molecular weight of protein
Separates proteins on basis of their charge
29
Hemoglobin electrophoresis is done on basis of ….
Molybdenum is a cofactor for ..(4)
Charge
1. Xanthine oxidase
2. DMSO reductase
3. Sulfite oxidase
4. Nitrate reductase
30
Enzyme activity is measured as ….
In competitive inhibition, …….same,…..increases
Micromoles/min
Vmax same
Km increases
31
In non competitive inhibition …..same,…..decreases
Coenzyme is …….
Km same
Vmax decreases
Non protein organic compounds
32
Abzyme is defined as …..
Ribozymes are defined as …..
Antibody with catalytic activity
RNA molecules with catalytic activity
33
Km reflects ……in (michaelis menton) relationship
Affinity of enzymes to that substrate - inverse relationship
34
Fumarase belongs to ……
Tyrosinase belongs to …..
Hexokinase belong to …..
Lyase
Oxidase
Transferase
35
1. Modified koopany’s test is done for ….
2. Guaicac test is done for …..
3. Rothera’s test is done for …..
1. Barbiturates
2. Hematuria
3. Ketone bodies
36
Gerhardt’s test is done for …..
Molisch test is done for …..
Ketosis
Sugar - color test
37
Millon test is done for …..
Sulkowitch test is done for …..
Biuret test is done for …..
Tyrosinosis
Urinary calcium
Protein
38
Features of vitamin A deficiency (3)
1. Night blindness
2. Xeropthalmia
3. Follicular hyperkeratosis
39
Vitamin that prevents oxidation
Vitamin needed for gamma carboxylation
Vitamin which is post translation modifier
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Vitamin K
40
Wernicke’s korsakoff syndrome is associated with deficiency of …..
Consumption of egg may lead to deficiency of …..
Thiamine B1
Biotin
41
Extrinsic factor of Castle is …..
Scurvy is seen in deficiency of ….
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
42
Enzyme related to vit B1
Transketolase is associated with ….
Alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
Thiamine B1
43
Enzyme related to biotin
Amino transferases are associated with …..
Pyruvate carboxylase
Pyridoxine
44
Haem in Hb lies in ……..
Haem in Hb is bonded to ….
Iron in Hb is present in ……
Hydrophobic pockets
E7 Histidine
Ferrous state
45
Iron in Hb is held by …..
Alpha2 gamma 2 is …..
Polar bonds
HbF
46
Role of branching enzymes
Converts glucose to glycogen
47
GLUT 2 is found in cellular membraneS of (5)
1. Liver - primary
2. Pancreatic B cell - Primary
3. Hypothalamus- not overly significant
4. Basolateral and brush border membrane of small intestine
5. Basolateral membrane of renal tubular cells
48
Mature RBC lacks enzymes of ….cycle
Cancer cells derives energy by …..
TCA cycle
Anerobic glycolysis
49
Function of sodium fluoride
Anticoagulant added for estimating blood glucose ( added to prevent glycolysis)
50
Fluoride inhibits …..
Enzymes responsible for complete oxidation of glucose are present in ….
Enolase
Mitochondria
51
Substances which can prevent glycolysis (2)
1. Potassium oxalate
2. Sodium fluoride
52
Glycolysis is regulated at (3)
1. Hexokinase
2. PFK
3. Pyruvate kinase
53
Gluconeogenesis occurs from ….amino acids (3)
Muscle cannot make use of glycogen as they lack ……
Glycerol
Alanine
Lactate
G-6-P
54
Most important enzyme involved in NADPH synthesis
G-6PD
55
Energy yield of stearic acid beta oxidation
Energy yield of HMP shunt
Energy yield of kreb’s cycle is ….
120 ATP
0
10 ATP
56
Energy yield of aerobic glycolysis
Energy yield of anerobic glycolysis
7 ATP
2 ATP
57
Enzyme deficient in Von gierke’s disease
Enzyme deficient in Anderson’s disease
G-6-P
Branching enzyme
58
Enzyme deficient in mc ardle’s disease
Lactic acid and hyperuricemia is a feature of …..
Muscle phosphorylase
Von gierke’s disease
59
Muscles are not involved in ….disease
Hypoglycemia, non responsive to epinephrine is a feature of ….disease
Von gierke’s disease
Von gierke’s disease
60
Most common enzyme deficient in galactosemia
Cataract occurs because of the accumulation of ……in galactosemia
Galactose -1-P uridyltransferase
Galactilol/ dulcitol
61
In galactosemia, substance present in urine is ….
Internal respiration is …..&…..
Reducing sugar
Exoergic and catabolic
62
Mitochondrial membrane protein contain transporter of …(3)
SGOT is a ……..enzyme
NAD
NADPH
ATP
Mitochondrial enzyme
63
In ETC, FADH gives …..ATP
Cyanide inhibits (3)
1.5 atp
1. Cytochrome oxidase
2. Complex 4
3. Cellular oxidation
64
Complex 4 is inhibited by ….(4)
1. cyanide
2. CO
3. Hydrogen sulphide
4. Azide
65
Uncoupler of oxidation and phosphorylation
Mono saturated fatty acids (2)
Dinitrophenol
1. Oleic acid
2. Elaidic acid
66
Essential fatty acid (3)
Most essential fatty acid is …..
1. Linoleic acid
2. Linolenic acid
3. Arachidonic acid
Linoleic acid
67
Synthesis of fatty acid occurs in ….
Reducing equivalents for fatty acid synthesis are provided by …
Cytosol
NADPH
68
Rate limiting step of fatty acid synthesis
Fatty acid synthase contains ….
Acetyl COA carboxylase
Acyl carrier protein & pantothenic acid
69
Beta oxidation of odd chain FA produces …first …..final
Propionyl COA first
Succinyl CoA final
70
Atp produced by beta oxidation of Palmitic acid is …..
Ketone bodies are formed in which organ…
106 ATP
Liver
71
Ketone bodies are product of ….
Ketone bodies are produced from ….
Fatty acid metabolism
Acetyl CoA
72
Normal excretion of ketone bodies is ….
Ketone bodies are utilized by conversion of …..
1mg/day
Acetoacetate to acetoacetyl COA
73
Reduced/ absent lipoprotein levels in abetalipoproteinemia (3)
1. Chylomicrons
2. VLDL
3 LDL
74
Activator of lipoprotein lipase is …..
Apoprotein associated with HDL ..(2)
Apo protein associated with LDL is ….
ApoC 2
Apo A1, Apo A2
ApoB100
75
Lipoprotein with highest exogenous TG content
Apoproteins associated with chylomicrons
Chylomicrons
ApoA1, Apo A2, Apo B48
76
Chylomicrons have least ……
First 2 reactions of urea cycle occurs in ….
Electrophoretic mobility
Mitochondria
77
Aconitase is inhibited by …..
Succinate DH is inhibited by ……
Enolase is inhibited by ….
Fluoroacetate
Malonate
Fluoride
78
Pentosuria is a feature of …..
Defect in glucuronic acid oxidation pathway.
79
Apoprotein for cholesterol
Building blocks for fatty acid biosynthesis
ApoE
Acetyl CoA + NADPH
80
Function of LCAT
Trace element needed for glutathione peroxidase
Conversion of cholesterol to cholesterol esters
Selenium
81
Sideroblastic anemia is associated with deficiency of which vitamin
Cofactor for PFK
B6/pyridoxine
Magnesium
82
In sickle cell anemia, translocation on codon 6 is due to substitution of …..
Vitamin deficiency resulting in Casal’s necklace
Glutamate to valine
Niacin
83
Amino acid that becomes essential in PKU
End product of pyrimidine metabolism
Tyrosine
Beta alanine
84
Rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis
Hormone which inhibits ketogenesis
Acetyl CoA carboxylase
Insulin
85
Most direct precursor of taurine
Onchronosis is because of accumulation of ……
Cysteic acid
Benzoquinone acetate
86
Enzyme deficient in essential pentosuria
Xylitol DH
87
Substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis (2)
Pyruvate kinase
Phosphoglycerol kinase
88
Creatinine is formed from 3 amino acids
Guthrie’s test is done for ……
Methionine
Arginine
Glycine
PKU
89
Malonate inhibits …… enzyme
Rate limiting step in uric acid synthesis is catalysed by …….
Succinate DH
Xanthine oxidase
90
Enzyme deficient in Gaucher’s disease
Function of chylomicrons
Beta glucosidase
Transport exogenous TG
91
Element required for PFK
Best indicator of protein quality
Magnesium
Net protein utilization/NPU
92
Enzyme required for conversion of aldolase to sugar
Reducing agents used in lipogenesis are derived from …..process
Phospho-trio-isomerase
HMP shunt
93
Beta oxidation of FA produces …..
Relationship between lactate and epinephrine secretion with reference to blood sugar
Propionyl CoA
Increased gluconeogenesis
94
In cancers, uric acid is high because…..
Telomerase is …..
Hyperactive purine synthesis
RNA dependent DNA polymerase - reverse transcriptase
95
Ehlrich’s test is done for ……
Urobilinogen and phosphobilinogen in urine
96
Benzidine test is done for …..
Apoprotein in LDL and VLDL is ….
Blood
ApoB100
97
Major transporter of cholesterol in blood
Lipoprotein absent in serum
LDL
Chylomicrons
98
Rate limiting step in gluconeogenesis
Rate limiting step in catecholamine synthesis
Pyruvate carboxylase
Tyrosine hydroxylase
99
Secondary and tertiary structure of proteins are determined by ….method
Primary structure of protein is formed by which bond
X ray crystallography
Peptide bond
100
Level of HBA12 is increased in which disease
Mineral known as glucose tolerance factor
Beta thalassemia trait
Chromium
101
Only ketogenic amino acid are ….
Cofactor for AKG DH
Leucine, lysine
NAD
102
Amino acid used in carnitine synthesis
Boiled cabbage or rancid butter smelling is a feature of ….
Lysine
Tyrosinemia
103
FIGLU is an intermediate product of which amino acid
Histidine
104
Alpha oxidation of fatty acid takes place in …(2)
Primary ketone body is …..
Mitochondria
ER
Acetoacetate
105
Arachnidonic acid is synthesized from ….
Lactate produced by glycolysis is utilized by which cycle (2)
Linoleic acid
Cori cycle
TCA cycle
106
PFK is allosterically activated by ….
Coenzyme for glycogen phosphorylase
Fructose 2-6 BP
Pyridoxal phosphate
107
Plasminogen domain resembles …..
Chylomicron core is formed by …(2)
Apo A
Triglyceride
Cholesterol
108
Hemolysis on oxidation occurs due to deficiency of ……
Cytochrome oxidase contains ….elements
G 6PD
Iron and copper
109
Allosteric activator of acetylcoa carboxylase
Activated pantothenic acid is found in …..
Biotin
Coenzyme A
110
Hypervitaminosis A induces damage to which organelle
Tertiary structure of protein is present in ….
Lysosomes
Beta keratin
111
RNA polymerase recognizes…….site
Dna microarrays allow detection of gene mutations using …..
Promoter site
Hybridization
112
Peptidyl transferase is an Eg of …..
Shine Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotes is associated with ……
Ribozyme
Translation
113
Which cycle is responsible for maintaining integrity of RBC membrane
Thiamine is essential for which enzyme
HMP shunt
Pyruvate dehydrogenase
114
Citrate to cis-aconitase conversion is inhibited by ……
A codon codes for single amino acid. This is known as …..
Fluoroacetate
Unambiguous
115
Which substance allosterically inhibits pyruvate DH?
Reason for ketosis in starvation
NADH
Increased beta oxidation
116
Glutathione consist of 3 amino acids
Cysteine
Glutamate
Glycine
117
Which technique is used for monitoring of DNA denaturation in vitro?
Which amino acid contains sulfhydryl groups as side chains ?
UV absorption
Cysteine
118
Which is the most popular acceptable theory for oxidation phosphorylation?
Maximum energy is liberated by hydrolysis of….
Chemiosmotic theory
PEP
119
NAD+ linked DH is ….
Lipoprotein increased in lipoprotein lipase deficiency
PDH
Chylomicrons
120
Citrullinemia is due to deficiency of which enzyme?
Which vitamin is involved in decarboxylation?
Arginosuccinate synthase
Pyridoxine
121
AST/ALT > 2 occurs in deficiency of which enzyme ?
Mineral required for cholesterol biosynthesis
Acid maltase
Magnesium
122
Product formed by rate limiting step of fatty acid synthesis
Retina is completely dependent on ……as fuel
Malonyl CoA
Glucose
123
Which bond is preserved during denaturation of proteins?
Study of multiplication of proteins in disease process is known as …..
Peptide bond
Proteomics
124
Complimentary RNA sequence of 5’ AGTCTGACT 3’
5’ UCAGACUGA 3’
125
A molecule used to direct the presence of specific fragment of DNA or RNA
Probe
126
Acetyl CoA carboxylase enzyme is present in which part of cell
Which amino acid bonds NH4+ covalently and makes it non toxic for transportation?
Cytosol and mitochondria
Glutamate
127
Alcohol causes hypoglycemia due to ….
Histidine to histamine conversion is what type of reaction?
Decreased gluconeogenesis
Decarboxylation
128
Glutathione is maintained in reduced state by help of ….
Nucleosome core is made of ….organelle
HMP shunt
Histones
129
Amino acid required for transfer of 1 carbon unit
CPS-1 acts on which substance
Folic acid
Co2 and ammonia
130
Trace metal needed by glutathione synthetase
Heme is synthesised from which substances
Magnesium
Glycine + succinyl Coa
131
According to IUB classification of enzymes, 4th digit in enzyme refers to …..
Cholesterol ester transfer protein transport cholesterol from HDL to …..
Individual enzymes
VLDL
132
Uronic acid pathway is important for formation of ……..
Mc glucogenic amino acid transported to the liver is …..
Glycosaminoglycans
Alanine
133
Rate limiting step in HMP shunt
G-6-P ——> 6-phosphogluconolactone
134
NAD+ acts as coenzyme for ……
Enzyme containing zinc
Malate DH
Carbonic anhydrase
135
transketolase requires …..enzyme
Activity of denatured protein
TPP ( thiamine pyrophosphate)
Biologically inactive
136
In mass spectrometer, peptide are studied by projection of …..
What is present at 3’end of tRNA ?
Hydrogen ion
CCA sequence
137
PLP is the coenzyme form of which vitamin
B6
138
Use of enzyme Alglucerase is in ……d/s
Enzyme whose activity is increased in starvation
Gaucher’s disease
Pyruvate carboxylase
139
Glucose oxidase converts glucose to ….
Structural proteins are …….proteins
Gluconic acid
Fibrous
140
Flexibility of proteins depends on ….amino acid
Luminous proteins are …..
Glycine
Porphyrins
141
Complete hydrolysis of DNA will not yield …..
Cobalt forms a component of vitamin …..
Adenosine
Vitamin B12
142
Gluconeogenesis does not occur from …… substrate
Apoprotein A is found in ……
Palmitate
HDL
143
Amino acid which lacks chirality
Amino acid which does not participate by alpha helix formation
Glycine
Proline
144
Transamination of pyruvate and glutamic acid leads to formation of ……
Bromo-deoxy-uridine is related to DNA in ……..
Alpha keto glutarate
Thymidine
145
A denaturing substance:
Triple helix structure is found in …..
Guanidine
Collagen
146
True statement regarding covalent bonds
Major fate of glucose-6-phosphate in tissues in well fed state is ….
Opposite spin
Glycogen
147
Property of photochromosity is a feature of ……aa
Cellular component of protein synthesis
Aromatic amino acids
Ribosomes
148
hnRNA is seen in …..disease
Restriction endonuclease is for …..function
Spinal muscular dystrophy
Breaking double stranded DNA
149
Allosteric inhibitor of acetylcoa carboxylase
Activity of which enzyme is closely associated with muscle
Citrate
Creatinine phosphokinase
150
Entropy is a measure of …..
Most important feature of enzyme cascade system is …..
Energy that is not available for work
Feedback inhibition
151
Inhibitory agent in a neuron is …..
Catabolism of tryptophan begins with formation of ……
Glycine
N-formyl-kynurenine
152
Methionine is important in synthesis of ….
Hydrolysis of sucrose yields ….
Choline
Glucose and fructose
153
Mucopolysaccharide hyaluronic acid is mainly found in …..
First product of glycogenolysis
Vitreous humor of eye
Glucose -1-P
154
Amino acid sequence of a polypeptide is fundamentally determined by …..
Amino acid used in carnitine synthesis
Base sequence of DNA
Lysine
155
Genetic analysis contains a mutation of dystrophin in its promoter region. Most likely effect of this mutation is …..
Initiation of dystrophin transcription will be deficient
156
In lead poisoning, there is inhibition of some of the enzymes of heme bio synthetic pathway. This is reflected by the accumulation of …..
DALA- Delta Amino Levulenic Acid
157
Insulin increases activity of ..3 enzymes
PFK-1
Glucokinase
Acetyl CoA carboxylase
158
Vitamin B1 is required for which reaction
Oxidative decarboxylation
Neet Pg
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