Biochemistry

Question 1

What is acidosis?

Answer 1

Two definitions:

• The H+ concentration is too high
• or a process tending to cause a rise in [H+]

Question 2

What is alkalosis?

Answer 2

Two definitions:

• Reduction in H+ concentration
• or a process tending to cause a reduction in [H+]

Question 3

Are the following statements true/false?
- Respiratory: the primary change is in pCO2 (pCO2 is the respiratory component)
- Metabolic: the primary change is in HCO3-
(HCO3- is the metabolic component)

Answer 3

Both true

Question 4

What is respiratory acidosis results in the change in levels of..

Answer 4

rise in [H+] due to rise in pCO2

Question 5

What is respiratory alkalosis?

Answer 5

reduction in [H+] due to reduction in pCO2

Question 6

True/false, metabolic acidosis is due to and increase in [H+] due to reduction of HCO3-

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True/false, metabolic alkalosis is due to an decrease in [H+] due to an increase pCO2

Answer 7

False

Metabolic alkalosis is due to a decrease in [H+] due to an increase HCO3-

Question 8

The body’s solution to too much H+ OR CO2?

Answer 8

= Compensation

• When you’ve got too much H+, the lungs blow off CO2
• When you’ve got too much CO2, the kidneys get rid of H+

Question 9

What are some causes of respiratory acid-base disorders?

Answer 9

Acidosis - choking, bronchopneumonia, COAD

Alkalosis - Hysterical over-breathing, Mechanical over-ventilation, Raised intracranial pressure

Question 10

What are some causes of metabolic acid-base disorders?

Answer 10

Acidosis - Impaired H+ excretion, increased H+ production or ingestion, Loss of HCO3-
Alkalosis - Loss of H+ in vomit, Alkali ingestion, Potassium deficiency