Biochemistry

Question 1

Homeostasis - which properties does it regulate? (10st)

Answer 1

Blood glucose, Blood pressure, PH, Water content, Oxygen levels, Body temperatur, Energy/nutrients, Calcium, Iron, Salinity

Question 2

Which element does our bodies contains of?

Answer 2

Oxygen(65%), Carbon(18.5%), Hydrogen(9.5%), Nitrogen(3.2%), Lesser elements (3.8%), Trace elements(0.2%)

Question 3

5 steps in our feedback system

Answer 3

1. Stimulus,
2. Monitoring/receptors,
3. Control center,
4. Action/effectors,
5. response

Question 4

Name some inorganic and som organic compounds

Answer 4

Inorganic: Water, Acids, bases, salts.
Organic: Always contains C. Lipids, Carbohydrates, proteins.

Question 5

What happens if we get an iodine deficiency?

Answer 5

Illness: Goiter
Symtoms: Swelling at the base of the neck,
Our thyroidhormones need iodide.

Question 6

Name some monosaccharides (5st)

Answer 6

Glucose, fructoes, galactose, Ribose (RNA), Deoxribose(DNA)

Question 7

Name some disaccharides (3st)

Answer 7

Sucrose, lactoes, maltose

Question 8

Name some polysaccharides (3st)

Answer 8

Starches, cellulose, glycogen

Question 9

What is fatty lipids named in swedish?

Answer 9

Fettsyror.

Question 10

A lipid can be —-, —– or —-.

Answer 10

Saturated(Butter, cheeze, meat etc.), Monounsaturated (Olive oil, Avocados, nuts) or Polyunsaturated (salamon).

Question 11

Name three main groups of lipids and some characteristics

Answer 11

1. Triglycerides - High energy
2. Phospholipids - Phoshategroup,
   polarized, used in cellmembrane.
3. Steroids - Vitamin D, horomnes, cholestrole

Question 12

What does a nucleotide consist of? (3st)

Answer 12

1. Nitrogenous bases
2. Deoxyribose
3. Phosphate Group

Question 13

What is characteristics with the nucleic acid DNA? (4st)

Answer 13

1. Consist of deoxribose
2. Double helix
3. In nucleus - genetic information
4. A C T G

Question 14

What is characteristics with the nucleic acid RNA? (4st)

Answer 14

1. Consist of ribose
2. Single
3. Molecular slave of DNA
4. A C U G

Question 15

Name 8 functions that proteins can have

Answer 15

1. Antibodies
2. Movement
3. Messenger
4. Receptor
5. Cell adhesion
6. Storage
7. Transport
8. Structural

Question 16

What is sickle cell anemia?

Answer 16

It is a disease which is caused by the change in the structure in the blood.

Question 17

Which three different typs of transports across the plasma membrane exicst?

Answer 17

1. Passive transport
2. Active transport
3. Transport in vesicles

Question 18

Explain facilitated diffusion

Answer 18

A membrane protein assists a specific substance across the membrane, down a
concentration gradient.
ex glucose, fructose, urea, vitamins

Question 19

If you would buy lactose-free milk in the supermarket, which of these carbohydrates would you find in the composition?

1. Glucose and cellulose
2. Glucose and fructose
3. Galactose and glucose
4. Sucrose and galactose
5. Glycogen and galactose

Answer 19

3

Question 20

What of the following is not true for inorganic and organic compounds?

1. Organic compounds are more complex than inorganic ones.
2. Inorganic compounds never contain carbon.
3. Organic compounds can be carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acidsor ATP.
4. Water is an inorganic compound.
5. Organic compounds always contain carbon.

Answer 20

2

Question 21

Which of the following statements is wrong about the organic compounds in the human body?

1. All of the organic compounds contain carbon in their molecular structure
2. Organic compounds can also become acid and base
3. Carbondioxide is categorized as inorganic while its acid (Carbonic acid- OC(OH)2) is to beconsidered organic
4. Vitamin K is an organic compound
5. Hemoglobin is categorised organic even though it contains iron ions (Fe2+) in theirmolecular structure

Answer 21

3

Question 22

Which of the following alternatives are NOT protein? Enzymes 
Receptors 
Structures 
Deoxyribose 
Cell adhesion

Answer 22

Deoxyribose

Question 23

Which of the following compounds is not an inorganic compound?

a) H2O
b) CO2
c) Lipids
d) Acids
e) Bases

Answer 23

c

Question 24

Question: Which of the followingcarbohydrates is NOT a monosaccharide?
Answer: 
A.Fructoes
B.Ribose
C.Starch
D.Glucose
E.Galactose

Answer 24

C.Starch

Question 25

``` If a polypeptide contains 10 peptide bonds, how many amino acids does it contain? (1p) A) 0 B) 10 C) 5 D) 11 E) 12 ```

Answer 25

D) 11

Question 26

``` The breakdown of complex organic molecules into smaller ones is known as... A) anabolism. B) catabolism. C) metabolism. D) oxidation. E) reduction. ```

Answer 26

B) catabolism.

Question 27

``` The backbone and rings of all organic molecules are formed by... A) carbon. B) oxygen. C) magnesium. D) phosphorus. E) nitrogen. ```

Answer 27

A) carbon

Question 28

``` The human somatic cells contain ______ chromosomes. (1p) A) 46 B) 23 C) 43 D) 24 E) 54 ```

Answer 28

A) 46

Question 29

``` In 2013, he Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Südhof for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic. The Vesicles are made of.........? (1p) A) triglycerides B) polysaccharides C) steroids D) phospholipids E) Adenosine triphosphate ```

Answer 29

D) phospholipids