1
Q
Definition
A
- Measuring instruments that provide moment-to-moment information about specific biological functions
- can be verbal, visual, tactile
2
Q
Advantage
A
- Provides patient with a chance to make appropriate small changes in performance that are immediately noted and rewarded
- patients can accomplish larger improvements later on
3
Q
Goal
A
- Train patient to perceive changes without the use of measuring instrument
- Patient can practice independently
4
Q
Electromyographic Biofeedback
A
- does not directly measure muscle contraction
- process electrical activity associated with a muscle contraction via auditory or visual signals
- mostly use surface electrodes
5
Q
Clinical applications
A
- Muscle re-education
- Relaxation of muscle guarding
- Pain reduction *
- Treating neurologic and other conditions
6
Q
Muscle Re-education
A
- Elicit muscle contraction
- More useful for patients who perform poorly on manual muscle tests
- Incorporate relevant functions
7
Q
Relaxation of Muscle Guarding
A
- relax the muscle guarding by reducing the visual or auditory feedback to zero
8
Q
Muscle guarding
A
- protective response in muscle that occurs due to pain or fear of movement
9
Q
Pain Reduction
A
- used to relax muscles that are tense
- reduce pain by breaking the “pain-guarding-pain” cycle
- mainly reduce pain in headaches and LBP
10
Q
Treating Neurologic & Other Conditions
A
- Hemiplegia following stroke
- SCI
- Spasticity
- CP
- Facial paralysis
- Urinary and fecal incontinence
11
Q
Considerations for Applications
A
- setting the signal sensitivity level appropriately
- Skin preparation
- Electrode placement: parallel to the direction of the muscle fibers
12
Q
Contraindications
A
- None
13
Q
Precautions
A
- Allergic to the electrode
14
Q
Reciprocal EMG Triggered Stimulation (RETS)
A
- Combining Biofeedback and NMES to treat a patient post stroke
