1
Q
Brain
A
- Made up of neurons (nerve cells)
2
Q
Neuron
A
- Axons (send msgs to other neurons)
- Dendrites (receives msgs from other neurons)
3
Q
Synapse
A
- Location/space between one neuron’s axon & another neuron’s dendrite
4
Q
Narcotics
A
- Opiates (derived from poppies)
- Opioids (synthetic narcotics)
5
Q
Opiates
A
- heroin
- morphine
- codeine
6
Q
Opioids
A
- hydrocodone:Vicodin, loratab & tussionex
- oxycodone: Oxycontin, percocet & Roxicet
- hydromorphone: Dilaudid
7
Q
Narcotic Effects
A
- euphoria
- drowsiness
- pupil contraction
- nausea
8
Q
Narcotic Overdose Symptoms
A
- slow, shallow breathing
- clammy skin
- convulsions
- comma
- possible death
9
Q
Narcotic Withdrawal Symptoms
A
- irritability
- tremors
- cramps
- chills/sweats
- runny nose
- loss of appetite
- watery eyes
- panic
10
Q
Depressants
inhibit or depress the CNS
A
- GHB (date rape drug/liquid ecstasy) - anesthetic in other places not U.S.
- benzodiazepines (Valium, Xanax,ativan, klonopin, rohypnol/roofies) - anti anxiety
- ambien & other barbituates
- sedatives, anti-anxiety & hypnotics
11
Q
Depressant Effects
A
- disorientation
- slurred speech
- drunken behavior when no alcohol used
- impaired memory
- interaction w/alcohol
12
Q
Depressant Overdose Symptoms
A
- clammy skin
- shallow breathing
- weak & rapid pulse
- dilated pupils
- coma & possible death
13
Q
Depressant Withdrawal Symptoms
A
- insomnia
- anxiety tremors
- delirium
- convulsions
- possible death
14
Q
Stimulants
excite CNS
A
- cocaine/coke/snow/crack
- amphetamine/meth/speed/crank/ice/adderall
- methylphenidates/Ritalin
- adipex
15
Q
Stimulant Effects
A
- excitation/enhanced alertness
- euphoria
- loss of appetite
- insomnia/elevated BP & pulse
16
Q
Stimulant Overdose Symptoms
A
- elevated temperature
- agitation
- hallucinations/convulsions/possible death
17
Q
Stimulant Withdrawal Symptoms
A
- irritability
- prolonged sleep
- disorientation
- depression
- apathy
18
Q
Cocaine
inhibits norepinephrine, dopamine & serotonin
A
- deadens pain impulses (prevents Na+ channels from generating action potential)
19
Q
Cannabis Effects
A
- euphoria
- increased appetite
- disinihibition
- disorientation
20
Q
Cannabis Overdose Symptoms
A
- fatigue
- sedation
- sleep
- paranoia & possible psychosis
21
Q
Cannabis Withdrawal Symptoms
A
- insomnia
- hyperactivity
- decreased appetite
22
Q
Prosopagnosia
face blindness
A
- neurological condition characterized by the inability to recognize the faces of familiar people
23
Q
Sleep Waves
A
- Alpha (daydreaming)
- Beta (normal waking state)
- Gamma (peak performance)
- Theta (dreaming/REM sleep)
- Delta (deep sleep/intuition)
24
Q
Four Major Neurotransmitter Systems
A
- Norepinephrine
- Dopamine
- Serotonin
- Cholinergic
25
Norepinephrine/Noradrenaline System
- originates in locus cerulus & lateral tegmental field
| - excites brains reward/arousal sx
26
Dopamine System
- mesocortical, mesolimbic, nigrostriatal & tuberoinundubilar
- affects motor sx, rewards circuit, cog functions & endocrine
- feeling of nausea
27
Serotonin System
- caudal dorsal raphe nucleus & rostral dorsal raphe nucleus
- enhances introversion, mood, satiety, body temp & sleep
- reduces nocioception (sense of pain)
28
Cholinergic System
- pontomesencephalotegmental complex
| - affects learning, STM, states of arousal & reward circuits
29
Schizophrenia
```
Patient must have at least 2 of:
. hallucinations (core +ve sx)
. disorganized speech (core +ve sx)
. delusions (core +ve sx)
. severely disorg./catatonic behavior
. negative sx
```
