BIOLOGY > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > Flashcards

BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION Flashcards

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1
Q

_____ was the earliest to attempt a scientific basis for classification.

A

Aristotle

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2
Q

Aristotle used simple _____ characters for classification.

A

morphological

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3
Q

Aristotle classified plants into trees shrubs and _____.

A

herbs

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4
Q

Aristotle divided animals based on presence or absence of _____ blood.

A

red

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5
Q

Linnaeus proposed the _____ kingdom system of classification.

A

two

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6
Q

The two kingdoms proposed by Linnaeus were Plantae and _____.

A

Animalia

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7
Q

The two kingdom system included all _____ and animals.

A

plants

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8
Q

The two kingdom system did not distinguish between eukaryotes and _____.

A

prokaryotes

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9
Q

The two kingdom system failed to separate unicellular and _____ organisms.

A

multicellular

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10
Q

In the two kingdom system green algae were grouped with _____ organisms.

A

Non photosynthetic

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11
Q

Fungi are _____ photosynthetic organisms.

A

non

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12
Q

Many organisms did not fit into either plant or _____ category.

A

animal

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13
Q

The two kingdom classification was later found to be _____.

A

inadequate

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14
Q

Besides morphology classification also needs _____ structure.

A

cell

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15
Q

Another criterion used later in classification was nature of cell _____.

A

wall

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16
Q

Mode of _____ became an important classification criterion.

A

nutrition

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17
Q

_____ is another characteristic used in classification.

A

habitat

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18
Q

Methods of _____ are used in classification.

A

reproduction

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19
Q

Classification also considers evolutionary _____.

A

relationships

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20
Q

Classification systems have undergone several _____ over time.

A

changes

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21
Q

Plant and animal kingdoms remained constant in different classification _____.

A

systems

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22
Q

Understanding of groups included in kingdoms has kept _____.

A

changing

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23
Q

Scientists realized classification needs more than gross _____.

A

morphology

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24
Q

The need for classification arose from human needs like food shelter and _____.

A

clothing

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25
Aristotle grouped animals into two groups based on presence or absence of _____ blood.
red
26
Green algae were grouped with plants because they are _____.
photosynthetic
27
Fungi were grouped incorrectly due to lack of distinction in _____.
nutrition
28
Early classification attempts were not strictly _____.
scientific
29
Modern classification considers evolutionary _____ among organisms.
relationships
30
Monera cells are ______ in type.
prokaryotic
31
In Monera, nuclear membrane is ______.
absent
32
Body organization in Monera is ______.
cellular
33
Cell wall of Monera is ______ cellulosic.
non-cellulosic
34
Monera cell wall is made of polysaccharide and ______.
amino acid
35
Monera nutrition can be autotrophic or ______.
heterotrophic
36
Autotrophic nutrition in Monera may be photosynthetic or ______.
chemosynthetic
37
Heterotrophic Monera may be saprophytic or ______.
parasitic
38
Protista cells are ______.
eukaryotic
39
Nuclear membrane in Protista is ______.
present
40
Cell wall in Protista is present in ______ members.
some
41
Body organization of Protista is ______.
cellular
42
Nutrition in Protista may be autotrophic or ______.
heterotrophic
43
Autotrophic Protista are mainly ______.
photosynthetic
44
Fungi are ______ organisms.
eukaryotic
45
Fungal cell wall is made of ______.
chitin
46
Nuclear membrane in fungi is ______.
present
47
Body organization in fungi is multicellular with ______ tissue.
loose
48
Fungi show ______ mode of nutrition.
heterotrophic
49
Heterotrophic nutrition in fungi is mainly ______ or parasitic.
saprophytic
50
Plantae are ______ in cell type.
eukaryotic
51
Plant cell wall is made of ______.
cellulose
52
Nuclear membrane in plants is ______.
present
53
Body organization in plants shows tissue and ______ levels.
organ
54
Plants show ______ mode of nutrition.
autotrophic
55
Autotrophic nutrition in plants is mainly ______.
photosynthetic
56
Animalia consists of ______ cells.
eukaryotic
57
Cell wall in animals is ______.
absent
58
Nuclear membrane in animals is ______.
present
59
Animals have tissue, organ and ______ organization.
organ system
60
Animals show ______ mode of nutrition.
heterotrophic
61
Holozoic nutrition is characteristic of ______ kingdom.
Animalia
62
Kingdom with prokaryotic cells is ______.
Monera
63
Kingdom with chitin cell wall is ______.
Fungi
64
Kingdom with cellulose cell wall is ______.
Plantae
65
Kingdom lacking cell wall completely is ______.
Animalia
66
Protista may have ______ or heterotrophic nutrition.
autotrophic
67
Chemoautotrophic nutrition occurs in some members of ______.
Monera
68
Saprophytic nutrition is common in kingdom ______.
Fungi
69
Five kingdom classification includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and ______.
Animalia
70
Five kingdom classification was proposed by ______ in 1969.
R. H. Whittaker
71
The five kingdoms proposed by Whittaker are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and ______.
Animalia
72
One criterion for classification used by Whittaker was ______ structure.
cell
73
Whittaker classification also considered body ______.
organisation
74
Mode of ______ was a criterion for classification.
nutrition
75
Another criterion used was ______.
reproduction
76
Classification also considered ______ relationships.
phylogenetic
77
The three-domain system divides Monera into ______ domains.
two
78
The three-domain system results in a ______ kingdom classification.
six
79
Earlier classification systems grouped bacteria and blue-green algae under kingdom ______.
Plants
80
Blue-green algae are also called ______.
cyanobacteria
81
Earlier classification grouped organisms mainly based on presence of ______.
cell wall
82
Earlier systems grouped together prokaryotic bacteria and ______ algae.
blue-green
83
Earlier classification placed unicellular and multicellular organisms together under ______.
algae
84
Chlamydomonas and Spirogyra were grouped under ______.
algae
85
Earlier systems did not separate fungi from ______ plants.
green
86
Fungi differ from plants in cell wall composition containing ______.
chitin
87
Green plants possess cell wall made of ______.
cellulose
88
Fungi were later placed in separate kingdom called ______.
Fungi
89
All prokaryotic organisms were placed under kingdom ______.
Monera
90
Unicellular eukaryotes were placed under kingdom ______.
Protista
91
Chlamydomonas and Chlorella are now placed in kingdom ______.
Protista
92
Paramecium and Amoeba are included in kingdom ______.
Protista
93
Modern classification attempts to reflect ______ relationships.
evolutionary
94
Modern classification considers morphological, physiological and ______ similarities.
reproductive
95
Phylogeny refers to ______ relationships.
evolutionary
96
Earlier classification grouped organisms with very different ______ together.
characteristics
97
Protista includes mostly ______ organisms.
unicellular
98
Kingdom Protista bridges Monera and ______ kingdoms.
multicellular
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