Biosecurity

Question 1

food adulteration*

Answer 1

a term used to mean that a food product fails to meet legal standards
-difficult to tract and detect

Question 2

what are the forms of food adulteration?

Answer 2

1. adding an ingredient of lesser value
2. adding colour or flavour to mask a defect
3. using a species of lesser value (using horse meat instead of cow meat)
4. using an ingredient from an off-lable geographic location (using Asian oysters and selling them as Canadian oysters

Question 3

food security*

Answer 3

access to sufficient calories on a daily basis

Food safety is a food security issue since contaminated food cannot be eaten and may threaten the food supply

Question 4

food bioterrorism

Answer 4

intentional contamination of food for economic gains or to cause harm
Rajneeshee example with salmonella salads

Question 5

ORM

Answer 5

operational risk management: a funtion of the severity of the failure and the probability of the failure

1. identify the hazards
2. assess the potential consequences of the hazards
3. determine which risks to manage with which interventions
4. implement interventions
5. assess the success of the interventions
   - evaluates probability and severity on separate scales

Question 6

CARVER + Shock

Answer 6

process used to evaluate the vulnerability of a food operation system by evaluating each node within the system

1. Criticality: The degree to which public health or economic consequences are nationally significant
2. Accessibility: Physical access to the target
3. Recuperability: The overall system resiliency as measured in the time required to bring the system back into operation
4. Vulnerability: Attack feasibility as viewed by the potential for a successful attack
5. Effect: Direct losses from a food attack as defined by the fraction of the food system that has been impacted by the attack
6. Recognizably: The ease of target identification, or the amount of specialized knowledge needed to identify the point for intentional contamination
7. Shock: The combined health, economic, and psychological impacts of a successful attack

Question 7

Detect to prevent

Answer 7

overall strategy that enables positive confirmation of contamination before the finished food item leaves the facility in order to eliminate any chance of public health concerns

Question 8

detect to protect

Answer 8

strives to prevent any public health consequences, but takes place after the food has left the factory. If detection can prevent the sale of contaminated food, then public health and economic consequences are averted

Question 9

detect to recover

Answer 9

a response strategy to enable rapid identification of intentional contamination in order to quickly contain the event and minimize the impact. Here the public health and economic impacts are significant, but in many ways this is how our system works