bladder outflow obstruction

Question 1

causes of bladder outflow obstruction

Answer 1

• urethral structures
• benign prostatic hyperplasia
• prostate cancer
• bladder stones
• extrinsic
• drugs like antocholinergics and nasal decongestants

Question 2

what are the two main groups of LUTS

Answer 2

• storage

- voiding

Question 3

symptoms of storage LUTS

Answer 3

when bladder is filling with urine

• frequency
• urgency
• nocturia

FUN

Question 4

voiding LUTS symptoms

Answer 4

when patient is trying to pass urine

• poor flow
• intermittent flow
• straining
• sensation of incomplete emptying
• hesitancy, post-micturition dribbling

Question 5

red flag signs

Answer 5

• haematuria
• suprapubic pain, burning micturition
• recurrent UTIs

if present suspect bladder cancer

Question 6

what does a Qmax of <10mls/s mean

Answer 6

probability of obstruction

Question 7

what does an anticholinergic do

Answer 7

inhibits bladder smooth muscle contraction

Question 8

what does a beta agonist do

Answer 8

inhibits bladder smooth muscle contraction

Question 9

causes of BOO

Answer 9

• primary bladder neck obstruction
• urethral strictures
• meatal stenosis
• vesical calculi
• malignancy