BOAS

Question 1

Riggs, Vet Surg, 2019:
Exercise testing and laryngeal auscultation

1. Sensitivity of clinical examination for BOAS diagnosis pre-exercise test vs after a 5-min walk vs after a 3-min trot?
2. Sensitivity of laryngeal stridor as a predictor of laryngeal collapse before vs after exercise?

Answer 1

Riggs, Vet Surg, 2019:

1. Sensitivity of clinical examination for BOAS diagnosis was 57% pre-exercise test vs 70% after a 5-min walk vs 93% after a 3-min trot
2. Sensitivity of laryngeal stridor as a predictor of laryngeal collapse was 60% before exercise vs 70% after exercise

Question 2

Tarricone, Vet Surg, 2019:
Brachycephalic risk (BRisk) score for predicting risk of post-op complications

1. Association between BRisk and outcome?
2. Dogs with BRisk scores greater than what value were 9 times more likely to have a negative outcome?

Answer 2

Tarricone, Vet Surg, 2019:

1. BRisk score was associated with negative outcome
2. Dogs with BRisk scores >3 were 9 times more likely to have a negative outcome

Question 3

Oechtering, Vet Surg, 2016:
Aberrant turbinates

1. What % of dogs had varying conformations of caudal aberrant turbinates within the meatus nasopharyngei?
2. What breed of dog had the highest prevalence of aberrant turbinate growth?
3. In Pugs, what was associated with nasal septum deviations?

Answer 3

Oechtering, Vet Surg, 2016:

1. 67% of dogs had varying conformations of caudal aberrant turbinates within the meatus nasopharyngei
2. Pugs had the highest prevalence of aberrant turbinate growth
3. In Pugs, nasal septum deviations were associated with a rostral aberrant turbinate on the concave side

Question 4

Oechtering, Vet Surg, 2016:
Laser-assisted turbinectomy (LATE)

1. Overall mortality rate?
2. Most common side effects?
3. What % of dogs required repeat conchal tissue resection due to partial regrowth, and which breed of dog required this most frequently?
4. Is LATE appropriate as a standalone technique for the treatment of BOAS, or is it recommended as part of a multilevel surgery?

Answer 4

Oechtering, Vet Surg, 2016:

1. 2% mortality rate
2. 95% of the dogs had mild nasal discharge and scabbing
3. 11% required repeat conchal tissue resection and 96% of these dogs were Frenchies
4. LATE is not considered to be an appropriate standalone treatment for BOAS but should be an integral part of a multilevel surgery

Question 5

Liu, Vet Surg, 2019:
Laser-assisted turbinectomy (LATE)

1. What measurement was the only predictor for candidacy for LATE in addition to conventional multilevel BOAS surgery?
2. What were the most common clinical signs observed after LATE?

Answer 5

Liu, Vet Surg, 2019:

1. CT-based measurement of soft tissue proportion at the rostral entrance of choanae was the only predictor for candidacy for LATE in addition to conventional multilevel BOAS surgery
2. 60% had temporary episodes of reverse sneezing, and 40% had nasal noise when sniffing and excited

Question 6

Gobbetti, Vet Surg, 2018:
Permanent tracheostomy for severe laryngeal collapse secondary to BOAS

1. Major complication rate?
2. Early mortality rate?
3. What was the leading cause of acute early death?
4. What % of dogs had obstruction of the stoma caused by skin folds?

Answer 6

Gobbetti, Vet Surg, 2018:

1. 80% major complication rate
2. 40% early mortality rate
3. Stoma obstruction by secretions and mucus plugs was the leading cause of acute early death
4. 20% had obstruction of the stoma caused by skin folds

Question 7

Gianella, JVIM, 2019:

1. What % of dogs had GI signs?
2. What % of dogs had varying degrees of laryngeal collapse?

Answer 7

Gianella, JVIM, 2019:

1. 77% had GI signs
2. 87% had varying degrees of laryngeal collapse

Question 8

Heidenreich, Vet Surg, 2016:
CT of Pugs vs Frenchies with BOAS

1. Which breed had significantly smaller cross-sectional areas of the airway dorsal to the soft and hard palates?
2. Difference in soft palate between Pugs and Frenchies?
3. Which breed was more likely to have nasopharyngeal aberrant turbinates?

Answer 8

Heidenreich, Vet Surg, 2016:

1. Pugs had significantly smaller cross-sectional areas of the airway dorsal to the soft and hard palates compared to Frenchies
2. The soft palate of Pugs was shorter and thinner than that of Frenchies
3. Pugs were more likely to have nasopharyngeal aberrant turbinates

Question 9

Liu, Vet Surg, 2017:
Traditional vs modified multilevel surgery (addition of partial resection of the cuneiform process)

1. What % of dogs had grade I laryngeal collapse vs grade II or III laryngeal collapse?
2. Outcomes?
3. Did partial cuneiformectomy improve the post-op BOAS indices in dogs with advanced laryngeal collapse?

Answer 9

Liu, Vet Surg, 2017:

1. 44% grade I laryngeal collapse vs 52% grade II or III laryngeal collapse (and 4% normal laryngeal conformation)
2. 32% satisfactory outcome, 68% poor outcome
3. No, post-op BOAS indices were not significantly different in dogs that did or did not have partial cuneiformectomy

Question 10

Worth, JAVMA, 2018:
Temporary tracheostomy requirement post-op

1. What factor increased the odds of requiring temporary tracheostomy post-op?
2. Did the staphylectomy technique (CO2 laser vs incisional) affect the odds of requiring temporary tracheostomy post-op?

Answer 10

Worth, JAVMA, 2018:

1. The odds of requiring temporary tracheostomy post-op increased 1.3 times for each 1 year increase in age
2. No, staphylectomy technique was not associated with the odds of requiring temporary tracheostomy post-op