Bonding

Question 1

why chemicals not react?

Answer 1

noble gases are unreactive due to orbitals being full so its stable
needs too much energy to change

Question 2

why do most elements react ?

Answer 2

they want to complete outer electrons
- giving up electrons
-accepting electrons
-sharing electrons

Question 3

what forces are found between ionic species

Answer 3

electrostatic interaction between positive and negative charges

Question 4

when is ionic bonding likely to occur?

Answer 4

low ionisation energy

easier electron removed more reactive

Question 5

what’s covalent bonding ?

Answer 5

the sharing pair of electrons used forms due to to much energy to remove electrons or two non metals react

Question 6

properties of covalent molecules ?

Answer 6

low melting and boiling point

low solubility in water

don’t conduct electricity

Question 7

what’s dative covalent bond ?

Answer 7

when one atom shares two electrons with another atom

Question 8

what determines the nature of bonding ?

Answer 8

electronegativity

Question 9

which element is the most electronegative element ?

Answer 9

fluorine

Question 10

electronegativity >1.7 is which bond

Answer 10

ionic

Question 11

electronegativity <1.7 is which bond ?

Answer 11

covalent

Question 12

what’s a polar molecule ?

Answer 12

molecule containing polarised covalent bonds and its asymmetric

Question 13

what’s the VSEPR theory ?

Answer 13

valence shell electron pair repulsion.
bond (X) lone pair (E)
E-E > E-X > X-X

Question 14

What’s intramolecular forces ?

Answer 14

Forces acting between atoms in a molecule
* Ionic bonds (electrostatic), covalent bonds

Question 15

what’s intermolecular forces ?

Answer 15

forces acting between molecules

Question 16

what are London dispersion forces ?

Answer 16

– Instantaneous dipole -
induced dipole interactions
– Exist between ALL molecules
– Explains physical states of
many non-polar molecules

Question 17

LDF : size dependence

Answer 17

Dispersion forces increase in strength with the number or electrons

Question 18

LDF: Shape Dependence

Answer 18

Linear molecules have larger surface area for interactions

Question 19

what’s hydrogen bonding ?

Answer 19

hydrogen atom bridging two electronegative centres

Question 20

what’s metallic bonding

Answer 20

Positive metal ions are in a fixed position while the outer shell electrons are delocalised between all the atoms in the metallic structure

they arrange in a lattice structure

Question 21

metallic bonding properties ?

Answer 21

high M.P and B.P
conducts electricity
strong strength
insoluble in water