Bonding - Data, Graph & Calculation Cards

Question 1

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A graph shows diamond has a much higher melting point than sulfur. Why?

Answer 1

Diamond has strong covalent bonds; sulfur has weak intermolecular forces.

The strength of the bonds in diamond requires significantly more energy to break compared to the weaker forces in sulfur.

Question 2

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A table shows NaCl conducts when molten but not when solid. Explain.

Answer 2

Ions move when molten but are fixed in a solid lattice.

In the molten state, the ions are free to move, allowing for electrical conductivity.

Question 3

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Why does CO₂ remain a gas at room temperature?

Answer 3

Weak intermolecular forces require little energy to overcome.

The low boiling point of CO₂ is due to the weak van der Waals forces between its molecules.

Question 4

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A student measures a melting point 10°C too low. Suggest why.

Answer 4

Impurities lower the melting point.

The presence of impurities disrupts the orderly arrangement of molecules, making it easier for them to transition to a liquid state.