Y Anatomy I > Bones: Spinal Column and Ribcage > Flashcards

Bones: Spinal Column and Ribcage Flashcards

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1
Q
A

Coccyx

  • small, triangular “tailbone”
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2
Q

15

A

linea terminalis

entire circular ridge of the pelvis

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3
Q
A

body of rib

  • AKA shaft, begins at angle, curves anteriorly
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4
Q

the head and tubercle of the rib connect to what facets?

where are these facets?

A

4, costovertebral articular facet and 10, costotransverse articular facet

  • on the vertebral body and transverse process, resepectively
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5
Q
A

costal groove

  • nerves and blood vessels to thoracic wall pass here
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6
Q

red arrow

A

head of rib

  • articulates with vertebra
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7
Q

part between head and tubercle

A

neck of rib

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8
Q

5

A

tubercle of rib

  • articulates with transverse process of vertebra
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9
Q

rib overview

A
  • 12 pairs total
  • 7 pairs “true” ribs that connect to the sternum via their own cartilages
  • 5 pairs “false” ribs attach indirectly (or not at all)
  • 2 pairs “floating” ribs don’t attach to sternum at all
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10
Q

any of the green area

A

costal cartilage

  • connect ribs to sternum
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11
Q

14

A

sacral canal

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12
Q

10

A

sacral promontory

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13
Q

6

A

sacral tuberosity

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14
Q

12

A

Ala/ wing

lateral part of the sacrum

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15
Q

Whole bone

A

Sacrum

  • 5 fused vertebrae
  • forms posterior wall of pelvis
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16
Q

11

A

anterior sacral foramina

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17
Q
A

base of sacrum

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18
Q

2

A

dorsal sacral foramina

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19
Q

3

A

sacral hiatus

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20
Q

7

A

intermediate sacral crest

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21
Q

4

A

medial sacral line

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22
Q

4

A

Sacral Horns or Cornua

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23
Q

green highlighted feature

A

superior articular process of the sacrum

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24
Q

13

A

transverse lines or ridges of sacrum

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25
4
medial sacral crest
26
sternal angle - where manubrium and body meet
27
Sternum - AKA breastbone know: * **Manubrium** * **Body** * **Xiphoid Process** * **Jugular Notch** * **Clavicular Notch** * **Sternal Angle**
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body of sternum
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clavicular notch of sternum\ -articulates w clavicle
30
number 1
**jugular notch of manubrium**
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**manubrium** - shaped like knot of necktie
31
xiphoid process -bottom of sternum, shaped like tongue
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Typical Thoracic Vertebrae ## Footnote - costal facets on transverse processes and bodies - body is round to heart-shaped - vertebral foramen is circular - long inferiorly oriented spinous process - articular facets lie in frontal plane, allowing rotation - 12 total
33
green
**pedicles of lumbar vertebra**
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vertebral arch - made up of pair of pedicles and laminae
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- green space
vertebral foramen - space for spinal cord to thread through all vertebrae
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4
spinous process
36
6
inferior articular process
37
what's this whole bone?
**atlas** - first cervical vertebra - aritculates with occipital condyles and dens of axis
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**axis** vertebra - second cervical vertebra - has **dens**, superiorly extending process acts as pivot for rotation of skull
40
red dotted features
costal facets of thoracic vertebrae - these are the **transverse costal facets** on the transverse processes, the **superior costal facets** lie on the sides of the vertebral body
40
orange
spinous process
42
whole bone what distinguishes this kind from the other kinds?
**Typical Lumbar Vertebrae** ## Footnote - thick, oval/kidney-shaped body - triangular vertebral foramen - short, flat, hatchet-shaped spinous process points straight back - articular processes lie in sagittal plane, allowing flexion/extension but little rotation - 5 total
43
7
**pedicle of thoracic vertebra**
43
2
**posterior tubercle of cervical vertebra**
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part 1
spinous process
46
7
superior articular facet
47
10
superior articular process - articulates with inferior articular process of vertebrae above
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8
superior demifacet
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yellow
**superior articular process**
51
Dens - articulates with atlas to allow rotation of head also called Odontoid Process
52
11
transverse process
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Typical Cervical Vertebrae (C3-7) ## Footnote - wide body - forked spinous process point directly posteriorly - large, triangular vertebral foramen - have transverse foramen (for vertebral blood vessels) - obliquely oriented articular facets allow wide range of neck movement - 7 total, including atlas and axis
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12
**superior and inferior demifacets** **-** articulate with ribs
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**inferior articular process** - articulates with superior articular process of vertbrae below
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pieces between vertebrae
**intervertebral discs** ## Footnote - pads of fibrocartilage
57
indicated by black arrows
**intervertebral foramen** - formed by articulation of 2 vertebrae - passage for spinal nerves
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3
lamina
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5
**lamina**
60
purple
**lamina**
61
red
transverse process
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8
pedicle
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number 1
**transverse foramen** - _only in cervical vertebrae_ - vertebral veins/arteries pass through here
64
part 3
transverse process ## Footnote - in thoracic, have costal facets for rib tubercles
65
1
anterior tubercle
66
kidney shaped portion of left image
Body of Vertebrae - thick anterior region, weight-bearing
67
What bone is this?
**1st Rib** - small and flattened compared to others
68
#4 on bone on right
**Groove for Subclavian Artery** - more lateral groove of the two on the 1st rib - closer to the head end of the rib
69
#6 on bone on the right
**Groove for the Subclavian Vein** - more medial of the two grooves on 1st rib - groove closest to the sternal end of the rib
70
#5 on the bone on the right
**Scalene Tubercle of First Rib** - attachment for the anterior scalenus muscle
71
What is the bottom bone? What is the red area on it?
**2nd Rib** **Tuberosity for the Serratus Anterior Muscle**
72
What's the yellow marked area? And what kind of vertebra is this?
**Groove for Spinal Nerve** - typical **cervical vertebrae** have a groove on their transverse processes for spinal nerves
73
What is the blue marked vertebra? Both its number and its latin name. What makes it special?
**C7** or **Vertebra Prominens** - it has a particularly large spinous process and is the most readily palpable vertebra in the neck, marking the transition from cervical to thoracic vertebrae
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