Book 2

Question 1

What is associative evidence.

Examples.

Answer 1

Evidence that kinks a suspect to a crime.

Footprints , fingerprints , blood stains , and fibers.

Question 2

What is corpus delecti evidence

Example.

Answer 2

Refers to evidence which established that a crime has been committed.

Pry marks on a door jam, broken glass.

Question 3

1. A location where a crime took place is know as a
2. Emergency radio broadcast generally made by the first patrol officer to reach a crime scene
3. Following up on leads after the prelim invest has concluded. This builds on what is Learned in the prelim invest.
4. Door to door canvas of an area to identity witnesses

Answer 3

1. Crime scene.
2. Flash description
3. Follow up investigation.
4. Neighborhood canvas.

Question 4

1. An initial inquiry by officers to sets list facts and circumstances of a suspected crime and to preserve evidence.
2. Who usually conducts the early Stages of crime scene processing.

Answer 4

1. Preliminary investigation.

2. The 1st officer on the scene.

Question 5

1. Reasonable grounds for an arrest which usually depend on Facts and circumstances surrounding the specific case.
2. Spontaneous unplanned remarks made by a person at the crime scene.

Answer 5

1. Reasonable grounds.

1. RES GESTE EVIDENCE.

Question 6

1. What is minute or microscopic bits of Matter that are not immediately apparent to the naked eye.

Answer 6

1. Trace evidence.

Question 7

1. What does the TRANSFER OF EVIDENCE THEORY STATE.

2. What does the TRANSFER OF EVIDENCE THEORY PRESUME.

Answer 7

1. When one object touches another , a transfer of material occurs from one object to another.
2. That no one can enter or leave a crime scene without bringing or leaving evidence

Question 8

What 5 thinks does a preliminary investigation include.

Answer 8

1. Securing the crime scene.
2. Considering possible arrest.
3. Locating and questioning witnesses and victims.
4. Documenting the crime scene.
5. Identifying and collecting evidence.

Question 9

1. When does the evidence collection process begin.
2. What 3 things are the most common reasons that evidence is CONTAMINATED.
3. When evidence is contaminated what is it rendered by the court

Answer 9

1. Immediately after the discovery of a crime.
2. 1. Not properly secured.
   2. Wrongfully mixed in with other types of evidence.
   3. Significantly altered from its original condition at the crime scene.
3. It’s rendered inadmissible or incompetent

Question 10

What are the 6 examples of evidence

Answer 10

1. Physical evidence.
2. Direct or prima facie evidence
3. Indirect or circumstantial evidence.
4. Testimonial evidence.
5. Trace evidence.
6. Demonstrative evidence

Question 11

What is physical evidence.

Example.

Answer 11

1. Self explanatory and speaks for Itself in court

2. Weapons , fingerprints , blood, drugs.

Question 12

What is direct or prima facie evidence

Example.

Answer 12

1. Evidence established by law , which proves a fact in dispute.
2. The minimum blood alcohol content to show that a person is under the influence.

Question 13

What is indirect or circumstantial evidence.

Example

Answer 13

1. Evidence which merely incriminates a person without offering definate conclusive proof.
2. A footprint left outside the house of a burglary. Doesn’t show that the person who left it was the burglar, but it suggests he could be

Question 14

What is testimonial evidence.

Answer 14

Verbal statements offered by a witness under oath.

Question 15

What is trade evidence.

Example

Answer 15

Extremely small items of evidence

Hair or clothing fibers.

Question 16

What is demonstrative evidence.

Example.

Answer 16

Evidence used to demonstrate something rather then prove something.

Dolls used in abuse or children.

Question 17

What 6 things can physical evidence do

Answer 17

1. Prove elements of a crime/ reveal crime has been committed.
2. Used to place the suspect at the scene.
3. Used to Eliminate innocent persons.
4. When confronted with physical evidence person may confess
5. Can support witness testimony.
6. Provide powerful positive impact on juries.

Question 18

1. Where can the most valuable evidence usually be found at a crime scene.
2. When assessing the dimensions of a crime what should be considered.
3. What must be used by officers at a crime scene.
4. Why.

Answer 18

1. Found in or near where the most crucial act was committed by the criminal.
2. The type of crime
3. Extreme caution.
4. Cause leaving behind prints or other new existence will cause investigators to interpret it wrong and waste time.

Question 19

When securing the crime scene.

1. What should the parameters of the crime scene be.
2. What should be included
3. What areas of a crime scene are critical to protect. Why.
4. What is the key to a preliminary invest.

Answer 19

1. General area in and around the largest body of evidence.
2. The entrance and exit ways.
3. Windows, doorways and the area inside and outside if gem. Cause evidence may be deposited there.
4. To maintain control.

Question 20

When a hanging victim is found at a crime scene

1. What about the body
2. What is important and must be protected at a hanging
3. How should the rope at a hanging be cut.
   Why
4. What care should be taken when releasing the body. Why
5. Why should critical attention be given to all evidence at a hanging

Answer 20

1. The body should generally not be moved at all.
2. Careful attention to protecting the knot on the noose.
3. Far above the knot. So the know my can be preserved.
4. Care to support the body as well as possible so no additional damage is caused when it hits the floor.
5. The appearance of suicide may be a coverup for murder.

Question 21

All objects on a crime scene should………particularly 3 things

Answer 21

Remain untouched.

Firearms , bullets , and shell casings.

Question 22

1. How should u move a firearm from a crime scene.

2. When removing a firearm officers should never pick it up by inserting a pen or pencil into the barrel why

Answer 22

1. Pick it up using two fingers in the textured part of the grip where no fingerprints can be removed anyway. Or the outside if the trigger guard
2. It could destroy or damage valuable evidence such as blood and fibers inside the Barell

Question 23

1. If an officer must move a body at a crime scene its position should be first
2. If limbs are found bent they shouldn’t be straightened and if the body was found face down it should be returned to the same Position for what reason

Answer 23

1. Documented through the use of photographs and sketches.

2. To avoid any shifting of the blood and subsequent altering of lividity.

Question 24

The following are all examples of the

1. Analyzing reports of officers conducting the prelim phase of the invest.
2. Reviewing official departmental records and MO FILES.
3. Gathering info on friends and associates of suspects.
4. Examining the victims background.
5. Checking police Intell files to develop potential suspects.
6. Organizing police actions such as neighborhood canvassing raids and search warrants.
7. Possessing organizational skills to sift through detailed fragments of info.

Answer 24

FOLLOW UP INVESTIGATION.

Question 25

8 things on an investigators crime scene equipment checklist

Answer 25

1. Surveillance equip. 2. Cameras. 3. Lights. 4. Notebook. 5. Other materials such as evidence tape, ruler, chalk, scissors etc. 6. Containers, envelopes , boxes, paper bags, glass bottles. 7. First aid kit. 8. Casting material.

Question 26

``` For the investigative preliminary checklist use P R E L I M I N A R Y ```

Answer 26

``` Proceed to the scene safely. Render assistance. Effect the street Locate and document names of witnesses Interview and separate witnesses Maintain the crime scene. Interrogate suspect. Note basic facts Arrange for collection of evidence. Report the scene fully. Yield responsibility to the follow up investigator ```

Question 27

What are the two commonly used classes of evidence.

Answer 27

1. Associative evidence. | 2. Corpus delecti.