Botany

Question 1

Botany

Answer 1

the scientific study of plants

Question 2

Germination

Answer 2

the development of a plant from a seed

Question 3

Cotyledon

Answer 3

the part of a seed that feeds the embryonic (baby) plant, one or more of which are the first leaves to appear upon germination of the seed; different from other leaves produced by the plant

Question 4

Angiosperm

Answer 4

a flowering plant that produces seeds within an ovary or fruit

Question 5

Gymnosperm

Answer 5

a non-flowering plant with exposed seeds (such as pine cones)

Question 6

Pollination

Answer 6

the transfer of pollen from the stamens to the pistil

Question 7

Dormancy

Answer 7

a period in a plant’s life cycle when growth and development stop temporarily

Question 8

Chlorophyll

Answer 8

a green pigment that gives a plant its color and is responsible for absorbing the sun’s light, providing energy for photosynthesis

Question 9

Deciduous

Answer 9

plants that drop their leaves, usually in autumn

Question 10

Evergreen

Answer 10

plants that remain green and have leaves or needles the entire year

Question 11

Photosynthesis

Answer 11

the process by which plants use the energy from the sun to create plant food and oxygen using water and carbon dioxide

Question 12

Cell

Answer 12

the smallest building block of a living organism

Question 13

Eukaryotic

Answer 13

a type of cell that contains a nucleus and specialized organelles

Question 14

Multicellular

Answer 14

made up of more than one cell, as seen in plants

Question 15

Vascular Plant

Answer 15

a plant that has special tubes, called xylem and phloem, to transfer water and nutrients through the plants

Question 16

Xylem

Answer 16

the tubes in a vascular plant that send water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves

Question 17

Phloem

Answer 17

the tubes in a vascular plant that send sugars and amino acids from the leaves to the rest of the plant after photosynthesis

Question 18

Nonvascular Plant

Answer 18

plants that lack a vascular system with xylem and phloem

Question 19

Gravitropism

Answer 19

a plant’s ability to grow in response to gravity

-roots demonstrate positive gravitropism because they grow in the direction of gravity
-stems and shoots demonstrate negative gravitropism because they grow in opposition to gravity’s force

Question 20

Phototropism

Answer 20

a plant’s orientation or directional growth that is influenced by light; plants can have either positive phototropism (growing toward the light) or negative phototropism (growing away from the light)

Question 21

Sap

Answer 21

the water, nutrients, and sugars that flow through the vascular system of a plant

Question 22

Resin

Answer 22

a thick and sticky substance that oozes from Pinaceae trees (pine, fir, and cedar trees) as a response to injury or insect attack; often confused with sap