Botany Flashcards by heather morrison

Juniperus californicus

CA juniper

more of a shrub.

seed cones maturing red-brown

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Senecio triangularis

Arrowleaf ragwort

Asteraceae

LF widely triangular

Rays 8

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Salvia sonomensis

Sonoma sage

Lamiaceae

corolla blue to lilac

stamens appearing very long

Lower lip horizontal

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Castilleja miniata

great red paintbrush

Orobanchaceae

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Platystemon californicus

Cream cups

Papaveraceae

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Rhamnus crocea

spiny redberry

Rhamnaceae

LF elliptic to obovate

veins not prominent

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Vicia villosa

spring vetch

LFLTS 12-18; tips rounded

INFL crowded; >9 Flowers

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Lactuca serriola

prickly lettuce

Asteraceae

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Veronica anagallis-aquatica

water speedwell

Plantaginaceae

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Stipa hymenoides

Indian ricegrass

Poaceae

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Euthamia occidentalis

Western goldenrod

Asteraceae

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Peritoma arborea

bladderpod

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Blennosperma nanum

common stickyseed

Asteraceae

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Juncus bufonius

toad rush

Annual

tiny <10 cm

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Opuntia littoralis

coast prickly pear

Cactaceae

FL yellow

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Woodwardia fimbriata

giant chain fern

Blechnaceae

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Primula jeffreyi

Sierra shooting star

Primulaceae

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Melica imperfecta

coast melic

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Eriogonum parvifolium

dune buckwheat

Polygonaceae

LVS glabrous adaxially & tomentose abaxially

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Salvia leucocyphylla

purple sage

Lamiaceae

corolla tube rose-lavender

ZERO lower lip

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Amorpha californica

CA false-indigo

Fabaceae

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Nasturtium officinale

water cress

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Diplacus aurantiacus

Bush monkeyflower

Phrymaceae

FL 2-4/node

LVS entire to serrate

More ‘leggy’ than D. longiflorus

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Hesperoyucca whipplei

Our Lord’s Candle

Agavaceae

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*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Frangula californica* ssp. *tomentella* Hoary coffee brush Rhamnaceae

*Tauschia* spp. Tauschia Apiaceae compound umbels

*Gilia tricolor* bird's eye Gilia FL throat with purple spots below lobes INFL not spheric

*Euphorbia* spp. Spurge Euphorbiaceae

*Clematis lasiantha* pipestem clematis Ranunculaceae LFLTS 3-5 50-100 stamens

*Abronia* spp. sand-verbena Nyctaginaceae

*Cylindropuntia bigelovii* teddy bear cholla Cactaceae

*Salvia apiana* white sage Lamiaceae Corolla tube - white - lower lip upcurved, blocking throat

*Veronica peregrina* ssp. *xalapensis* purslane speedwell Plantaginaceae

*Oxalis pes-caprae* Bermuda buttercup Oxalidaceae

*Chenopodium californicum* CA goosefoot Chenopodiaceae LF deltate; base truncate to hastate

*Polygala cornuta* milkwort Polygalaceae

*Apiastrum angustifolium* mock celery Apiaceae leaves pinnately dissected and linear

*Morella californica* wax myrtle Myricaceae

*Carduus pycnocephalus* Italian thistle Asteraceae

*Ambrosia acanthicarpa* burweed Asteraceae Canescent-strigose

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae NON-native LF blade auricle _clasping_

*Cordylanthus rigidus* rigid birds beak Orobanchaceae

*Arundo donax* giant reed grass Poaceae

*Eryngium* spp. Coyote thistle APIACEAE

*Malva parviflora* cheesweed Malvaceae

*Erigeron foliosis* leafy fleabane daisy Asteraceae

*Bolboschoenus maritimus* saltmarsh bulrush Cyperaceae

*Gilia ochroleuca* desert Gilia Polemoniaceae LF Cauline palmate Calyx lobes linear INFL not spheric

*Bolboschoenus maritimus* saltmarsh bulrush Cyperaceae

*Artemisia tridentata* great basin sagebrush Asteraceae Leaves wedge-shaped

*Ribes nevadense* Sierra currant Grossulariaceae Sepals pink to red INFL dense 8-20 flowered FR blue-black glaucous

*Minuartia douglasii* Douglas sandwort

*Bromus tectorum* cheat grass Poaceae

*Allium* spp. Onion Alliaceae

*Adenostoma fasciculatum* chamise Rosaceae

*Centaurea solstitialis* yellow starthistle Asteraceae Spines pale yellow tipped

*Nicotiana glauca* tree tobacco Solanaceae

*Salvia sonomensis* Sonoma sage Lamiaceae corolla blue to lilac stamens appearing very long Lower Lip HORIZONTAL

*Cynodon dactylon* Bermuda grass Poaceae

*Blennosperma nanum* common stickyseed Asteraceae

*Eleocharis macrostachya* common spikerush Cyperaceae larger spikelet than E. parishii

*Tauschia* spp. Tauschia Apiaceae compound umbels

*Cryptantha* spp. forget-me-nots Boraginaceae

*Ambrosia psilostachya* var. *californica* western ragweed Asteraceae Leaves tend to be most glabrous of all *Ambrosias*

*Scrophularia californica* CA bee plant Scrophulariaceae

*Erigeron foliosis* leafy fleabane daisy Asteraceae

*Juncus balticus* Baltic rush INFL looks lateral ST cylindrical Rhizome scaly and long

*Gnaphalium palustre* lowland cudweed Asteraceae wet areas decumbent phyllaries = brown

*Erysimum capitatum* western wallflower Brassicaceae

*Heterotheca grandiflora* telegraph weed Asteraceae erect Ray FLs 25-40 - smaller than H. sessiliflora; proximal cauline LVS clasping

*Agoseris retrorsa* spear-leaved mountain dandelion

*Suaeda nigra* bush seepweed Chenopodiaceae leaf blades semi-cylindrical bracts not overlapping ST shiny green-yellow-brown or red INFL Open

*Madia elegans* common madia Asteraceae

*Polygonum aviculare* common knotweed Polygonaceae

*Euphorbia albomarginata* rattlesnake spurge Euphorbiaceae

*Lathyrus latifolius* everlasting pea Fabaceae

*Cercocarpus betuloides* birchleaf mahogany Rosaceae LVS toothed

*Cryptantha* spp. forget-me-nots Boraginaceae

*Plantago lanceolata* English plantain Plantaganiceae

*Pellaea andromedifolia* coffee fern Pteridaceae leaves NOT clustered

*Holodiscus discolor* oceanspray Rosaceae

*Iris douglasiana* Douglas iris Iridaceae Stigma triangular

*Sidalcea* spp. Sidalcea Malvaceae

*Eschscholzia californica* CA poppy Papaveraceae

*Fraxinus dipetala* CA Ash Oleaceae 2 petals (vs. 0 in F. latifolia) Leaflets 3-7; serrate

*Aegilops* spp. goatgrass Poaceae

*Lathyrus latifolius* everlasting pea Fabaceae

*Cirsium vulgare* bull thistle Asteraceae

*Ribes malvaceum* chaparral currant Grossulariaceae Sepals pink to purple INFL open 10-25 flowered FR purple glaucous and glandular

*Ascelpias* spp. milkweed Apocynaceae filaments fused into filament column 5 elaborate appendages abaxially

*Eriogonum cinereum* coast buckwheat Polygonaceae LF ovate

*Sanicula crassicaulus* Pacific snakeroot Apiaceae simple umbels

*Lilium humboldtii* Humboldt lily Liliaceae LF margin NOT wavy; elliptic Perianth NOT 2-toned

*Malacothrix saxatilis* tenuated cliff-aster Asteraceae

*Nicotiana glauca* tree tobacco Solanaceae

*Cynara cardunculus* Artichoke thistle Asteraceae

*Ricinus communis* castor bean Euphorbiaceae

*Salvia sonomensis* Sonoma sage Lamiaceae corolla blue to lilac stamens appearing very long lower lip HORIZONTAL

*Melica californica* CA melic

*Rosa californica* CA wild rose Rosaceae Petals pink Shrub prickles like 'cat claws' - compressed at base

*Woodwardia fimbriata* giant chain fern Blechnaceae

*Dipsacus sativus* Indian teasel INVOLUCRE bract spreading or reflexed

*Juncus xiphiodes* iris-leaved rush LF blade looks like iris

*Cercocarpus betuloides* birchleaf mahogany Rosaceae LVS toothed

*Lathyrus sulphureus* snup pea Fabaceae INFL 1-sided Banner reflexed above middle FL white-yellow to bronze-orange

*Ehrendorferia chrysantha* golden eardrops Papaveraceae

*Cucurbita foetidissima* Calabazilla calabazilla

*Eriophyllum confertiflorum* golden yarrow Asteraceae Ray FL 2-5 mm LF rolled under; linear to ovate LVS glabrous adaxially

*Rumex acetosella* sheep sorrell Polygonaceae

*Lasthenia* spp. goldfields LVS opp (vs ALT in Blennosperma)

*Avena* spp. oat grass Poaceae

*Schinus molle* Peruvian pepper tree Anacardiaceae Distal branches drooping looks similar to Fabaceae LFLTS lanceolate

*Trifolium* spp. clover Fabaceae

*Atriplex semibaccata* Australian saltbush Chenopodiaceae LVS oblong to oblanceolate; white scaly abaxially

*Elymus elymoides* squirrel tail Poaceae perennial cespitose can be glaucous

*Achyrachaena mollis* Blow wives Asteraceae

*Sonchus asper* Prickly sow thistle Asteraceae Spined margins of leaves more pronounced than *S. oleraceus*

*Psorothamnus spinosus* Smoke tree Fabaceae

*Cynara cardunculus* Artichoke thistle Asteraceae

*Euphorbia* spp. Spurge Euphorbiaceae

*Daucus pusillus* SW Carrot Apiaceae

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae leaf blade auricle clasping

*Equisetum laevigatum* smooth scouring rush Equisetaceae

*Vitis californica* California wild grape Vitaceae

*Ribes cereum* wax currant Grossulariaceae spicy odor Sepals reflexed Sepals white to pink INFL open 3-7 flowered FR red; glabrous to glaucous; may or not be glandular

*Cirsium arvense* Canada thistle Asteraceae

*Rhus integrifolia* lemonade berry Anacardiaceae

*Lythrum salicaria* purple loosestrife Lythraceae

*Cercocarpus betuloides* birchleaf mahogany Rosaceae LVS toothed

*Ericameria nauseosa* rubber rabbitbrush Asteraceae heads DISCOID strongly scented

*Phoradendron leucarpum* oak mistletoe Viscaceae

*Agoseris retrorsa* spear-leaved mountain dandelion

*Dichelostemma capitatum* blue dicks Themidaceae curved scape 6 stamens (only Dichelostemma with 6)

*Berberis aquifolium* Tall Oregon grape Berberidaceae pinnately veined

*Bromus madritensis* ssp. *rubens* red brome Poaceae

*Monardella* spp. Coyote mint Fertile stamens = 4 (versus 2 in *Salvia*)

*Erigeron canadensis* Common horseweed Asteraceae

*Lonicera subspicata* Southern honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae flowers cream; berries pale red

*Datisca glomerata* Durango root Datiscaceae

*Bromus carinatus* CA brome Poaceae

*Ipomopsis aggregata* Scarlet gilia Polemoniaceae

*Centaurea melitensis* Tocalote Asteraceae Spines purple tipped

*Amsinckia* spp. Fiddleneck Boraginaceae

*Garrya* spp. silktassel Garryaceae

*Calandrinia ciliata* redmaids Montiaceae

*Heterotheca grandiflora* telegraph weed Asteraceae erect Ray FLs 25-40 - smaller than H. sessiliflora; proximal cauline LVS clasping

*Iris pseudocorus* horticultural iris Iridaceae stigma rounded Perianth bright yellow

*Chenopodium murale* nettle-leaved goosefoot Chenopodiaceae LF deltate to diamond; base wedge shaped

*Collomia grandiflora* large flowered collomia Polemoniaceae

*Frangula californica* ssp. *tomentella* Hoary coffee brush Rhamnaceae

*Lathyrus vestitus* Pacific peavine Fabaceae banner reflexed at 90 degrees

*Vulpia* spp. 'fescue' Poaceae

*Ribes aureum* golden currant Grossulariaceae sepals YELLOW

*Cirsium vulgare* bull thistle Asteraceae

*Melica imperfecta* Coast Melic grass Poaceae spikelet 3-7 mm (shorter than M. californica) INFL branches appressed to spreading

*Daucus pusillus* SW Carrot Apiaceae

*Lamarckia aurea* golden top Poaceae

*Argemone munita* prickly poppy Papaveraceae

*Dryopteris arguta* coastal wood fern Dryopteridaceae

*Xanthium* spp. cocklebur Asteraceae

*Verbena lasiostachys* western verbena Verbenaceae

*Chlorogalum pomeridianum* soap plant Agavaceae

*Berberis aquifolium* Tall Oregon grape Berberidaceae pinnately veined

*Iris douglasiana* Douglas iris Iridaceae Stigma triangular

*Senecio flaccidus var. douglasii* Shrub ragwort Asteraceae Leaves thread-like SHRUB Rays 8, 13 or 21

*Conium maculatum* poisonhemlock Apiaceae

*Foeniculum vulgare* sweet fennel Apiaceae

*Cynoglossum grande* houndstongue Boraginaceae

*Anemopsis californica* yerba mansa Sauruceae

*Marsilea vestita* hairy waterclover Marsileaceae

*Adenostoma fasciculatum* chamise Rosaceae

*Dittrichia graveolens* stinkwort Asteraceae

*Marah fabaceae* CA manroot Cucurbitaceae

*Ficus carica* fig Moraceae

*Iris pseudocorus* horticultural iris Iridaceae stigma rounded Perianth bright yellow

*Malacothamnus* spp. bushmallow Malvaceae

*Polypogon monspeliensis* rabbitsfoot grass POACEAE

*Nicotiana glauca* tree tobacco Solanaceae

*Galium aparine* sticky bedstraw Rubiaceae LVS whorls of 6 Corolla white

*Datisca glomerata* Durango root Datiscaceae

*Verbascum thapsus* wooly mullein Scrophulariaceae

*Malacothrix saxatilis* tenuated cliff-aster Asteraceae

*Delphinium parryi* desert larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals oval and surpassing petals INFL raceme more robust about 1' vs *D. parishii*

*Delphinium parryi* desert larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals oval; surpassing petals INFL raceme more robust than *D. parishii*; at least 1' long

*Poa pratensis* KY Bluegrass

*Sambucus nigra* ssp. *caerulea* blue elderberry Adoxaceae FR black glaucous (looks blue) LFLTS 3-9 LFLTS elliptic to ovate INFL flat-topped

*Eriogonum parvifolium* dune buckwheat Polygonaceae LVS glabrous adaxially & tomentose abaxially

*Heracleum maximum* cow parsnip Apiaceae

*Juniperus californicus* CA juniper more of a shrub. seed cones maturing red-brown

*Elymus glaucus* blue wild rye Poaceae

*Plantago major* common plantain Plantaganiceae

*Clematis ligusticifolia* Virgin's bower Ranunculaceae LFLTS 5-15 25-50 stamens

*Berberis aquifolium* Tall Oregon grape Berberidaceae pinnately veined

*Hazardia squarrosa* sawtooth goldenbush

*Cylindropuntia bigelovii* teddy bear cholla Cactaceae

*Monardella* spp. Coyote mint Fertile stamens = 4 (versus 2 in *Salvia*)

*Salvia columbariae* chia Lamiaceae corolla pale to ELECTRIC blue; spotted leaves deeply lobed 1-2 flower clusters/stem

*Acourtia microcephala* Sacapellote Asteraceae one of few pink blooms in sunflower family!

*Sambucus nigra* ssp. *caerulea* blue elderberry Adoxaceae FR black glaucous (looks blue) LFLTS 3-9 LFLTS elliptic to ovate INFL flat-topped

*Typha* spp. Typha Typhaceae

*Cordylanthus rigidus* rigid birds beak Orobanchaceae

*Crassula connata* pygmy sandweed Crassulaceae

*Hordeum marinum* Mediterranean barley Poaceae INFL 1.5-7 cm (gen shorter than summer barley) INFL green to purple

*Brodiaea* spp. brodiaea Themidaceae Straight scape 3 stamens

*Salix* spp. willow Salicaceae

*Nemophila maculata* five-spot Boraginaceae Corolla white with purple spots on lobe tips

*Salvia sonomensis* Sonoma sage Lamiaceae corolla blue to lilac stamens appearing very long lower lip HORIZONTAL

*Veronica anagallis-aquatica* water speedwell Plantaginaceae

*Suaeda taxifolia* woolly seablite Chenopodiaceae leaf blades semi-cylindrical bracts overlapping ST dull gray brown INFL clustered

*Castilleja subinclusa* long-leaved paintbrush Orobanchaceae FL red (maybe yellow) Beak protruded Yellow

*Conium maculatum* poisonhemlock Apiaceae

*Solanum douglasii* Douglas nightshade Solanaceae

*Equisetum arvense* horsetail Equisetaceae

*Veronica peregrina* ssp. *xalapensis* purslane speedwell Plantaginaceae

*Heteromeles arbutifolia* Toyon Rosaceae

*Castilleja miniata* great red paintbrush Orobanchaceae

*Ribes aureum* golden currant Grossulariaceae sepals YELLOW

*Avena* spp. oat grass Poaceae

*Atriplex canescens* hoary saltbush Chenopodiaceae LVS linear to oblanceolate; densely white scaly

*Penstemon heterophyllus* Foothill penstemon Plantaginaceae corolla bluish-purple

*Iris missouriensis* western blue flag Iridaceae stigma 2-lobed Perianth white to pale lavender

*Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum* slenderleaf iceplant

*Prosopis glandulosa* honey mesquite Fabaceae 2nd order LFLTS 7-14 pair (vs. *S. greggii*)

*Cordylanthus rigidus* rigid birds beak Orobanchaceae

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae leaf blade auricle clasping

*Bromus madritensis* ssp. *rubens* red brome Poaceae

*Carpobrotus* spp. ice plant Aizoaceae

*Chamerion angustifolium* fireweed Onagraceae

*Castilleja applegatei* wavyleaf paintbrush Orobanchaceae LVS wavy FL bright red

*Plantago lanceolata* English plantain Plantaganiceae

*Gilia capitata* ssp. *abrotanifolia* blue field Gilia Polemoniaceae corolla pale blue-white calyx hairy; lobes acute to acuminate INFL head terminal/spheric - 25-50 FL LVS cauline finger-like

*Penstemon heterophyllus* Foothill penstemon Plantaginaceae corolla bluish-purple

*Eriogonum parvifolium* dune buckwheat Polygonaceae LVS glabrous adaxially & tomentose abaxially

*Salvia mellifera* black sage Lamiaceae Leaf adaxially glabrous; corolla WHITE to pale blue or lavender LOWER LIP @ 90 degree angle

*Stachys* spp. hedge nettle Lamiaceae

*Heteromeles arbutifolia* toyon Rosaceae

*Aspidotis densa* lace fern Pteridaceae

*Apiastrum angustifolium* mock celery Apiaceae leaves pinnately dissected and linear

*Silybum marianum* milk thistle Asteraceae

*Apium graveolens* celery Apiaceae leaves NOT pinnately dissected (like *Apiastrum*)

*Bromus hordeaceus* Soft chess Poaceae

*Croton setiger* turkey-mullein Euphorbiaceae

*Iris macrosiphon* Bowl-tube iris Iridaceae Stigma triangular LVs narrower than *I. douglasii*

*Euthamia occidentalis* Western goldenrod Asteraceae

*Vicia sativa* common vetch LFLTS 8-14; tips acute/truncate/notched INFL not crowded; 1-3 Flowers

*Salvia leucocyphylla* purple sage Lamiaceae corolla tube rose-lavender ZERO lower lip

*Gilia tricolor* bird's eye Gilia FL throat with purple spots below lobes INFL not spheric

*Cynoglossum grande* houndstongue Boraginaceae

*Cytisus scoparius* Scotch broom Fabaceae

*Pseudognaphalium microcephalum* Wright's cudweed Asteraceae Phyllaries white LVS VERY Felty; almost white LVS gradually smaller, distally

*Lathyrus sulphureus* snup pea Fabaceae INFL 1-sided Banner reflexed above middle FL white-yellow to bronze-orange

*Delphinium cardinale* scarlet larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals red LVS multi-lobed

*Pickeringia montana* chaparral pea Fabaceae

*Leptosiphon aureus* desert star Polemoniaceae Corolla yellow or white

*Bromus madritensis* ssp. *rubens* red brome Poaceae

*Juncus bufonius* toad rush Annual tiny \<10 cm

*Hypericum perforatum* Klamathweed Hypericaceae

*Stipa pulchra* purple needle grass Poaceae

*Eriophyllum confertiflorum* golden yarrow Asteraceae Ray FL 2-5 mm LF rolled under; obovate LVS glabrous adaxially

*Cercis occidentalis* western redbud Fabaceae

*Malacothrix saxatilis* tenuated cliff-aster Asteraceae

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae leaf blade auricle clasping

*Frankenia salina* alkali heath Frankeniaceae

*Garrya* spp. silktassel Garryaceae

*Argemone munita* prickly poppy Papaveraceae

*Juglans hindsii* Northern CA black walnut FRUIT 3.5-5 cm, shell smooth to shallowly grooved abaxial leaf vein axils with hairs Leaflets narrow triangular to lanceolate

*Ericameria nauseosa* rubber rabbitbrush Asteraceae heads DISCOID strongly scented

*Chenopodium album* lamb's quarters Chenopodiaceae LF Diamond shaped

*Keckiella* spp. beardstongue Plantaginaceae fertile filaments attached to corolla at ONE level

*Dipsacus fullonum* Fuller's teasel INVOLUCRE bract erect or upcurved

*Fraxinus dipetala* CA Ash Oleaceae 2 petals (vs. 0 in F. latifolia) Leaflets 3-7; serrate

*Salvia mellifera* black sage Lamiaceae Leaf adaxially glabrous; corolla WHITE to pale blue or lavender LOWER LIP @ 90 degree angle

*Carpobrotus* spp. ice plant Aizoaceae

*Prunus emarginata* bitter cherry Rosaceae FL 3-12 shorter petiole than *P. virginiana*

*Senecio triangularis* Arrowleaf ragwort Asteraceae LF widely triangular Rays 8

*Mentzelia laevicaulis* blazing star Loasaceae

*Epilobium canum* CA fuschia Onagraceae

*Erythronium* spp. Fawn lily Liliaceae

*Diplacus calycinus* Fuzzy bush monkeyflower Phrymaceae FL 2/node LVS serrate and narrowly elliptic Corolla pale cream to pale yellow

*Scrophularia californica* CA bee plant Scrophulariaceae

*Claytonia parviflora* small-flowered miners lettuce MONTIACEAE Basal LVS \>3x longer than wide; bases tapered to petiole

*Melilotus alba* white sweetclover Fabaceae LVS slightly toothed corolla WHITE

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae leaf blade auricle clasping

*Lythrum salicaria* purple loosestrife Lythraceae

*Rosa gymnocarpa* wood rose Rosaceae Petals pink to red loose shrub prickles needle-like sepals deciduous in fruit

*Eriogonum elongatum* long-stemmed buckwheat Polygonaceae involucre 1/node in raceme-like arrangement

*Poa pratensis* Kentucky blue grass Poaceae loosely to densely tufted

*Artemisia dracunculus* tarragon Asteraceae leaves few lobed - linear

*Hazardia squarrosa* sawtooth goldenbush

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae leaf blade auricle clasping

*Thermopsis californica* CA False-Lupine Fabaceae

*Chlorogalum pomeridianum* soap plant Agavaceae

Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum slenderleaf iceplant

*Oxalis oregana* redwood sorrell Oxalidaceae

*Prunus ilicifolia* hollyleaf cherry Rosaceae Evergreen LVS spiny-serrate

*Ribes aureum* golden currant Grossulariaceae sepals YELLOW

*Urtica dioica* stinging nettle Urticaceae

*Abronia* spp. sand-verbena Nyctaginaceae

*Lomation dasycarpum* hog fennel Apiaceae corolla WHITE

*Calochortus* spp. Mariposa lily Liliaceae

*Argemone munita* prickly poppy Papaveraceae

*Penstemon centranthifolius* Scarlet bugler Plantaginaceae corolla red

*Schinus terebinthifolius* Brazilian pepper tree Anacardiaceae Distal branches spreading to erect looks similar to Fabaceae LFLTS elliptic to oblong

*Diplacus aurantiacus* Bush monkeyflower Phrymaceae FL 2-4/node LVS entire to serrate More 'leggy' than *D. longiflorus*

*Primula jeffreyi* Sierra shooting star Primulaceae

*Baccharis salicifolia* mulefat Asteraceae

*Agoseris retrorsa* spear-leaved mountain dandelion

*Corylus cornuta* hazelnut Betulaceae

*Calochortus* spp. Mariposa lily Liliaceae

*Taxus brevifolia* Pacific yew Taxaceae

*Rhododendron macrophyllum* bigleaf maple Ericaceae

*Lilium humboldtii* Humboldt lily Liliaceae LF margin NOT wavy; elliptic Perianth 2-toned

*Elymus caput-medusae* medusa head Poaceae annual

*Pectocarya setosa* moth combseed

*Isocoma menziesii* coastal goldenbush Asteraceae

*Eschscholzia californica* CA poppy Papaveraceae

*Vaccinium ovatum* evergreen huckleberry Ericaceae

*Heuchera micrantha* crevice alum root Saxifragaceae

*Xanthium* spp. cocklebur Asteraceae

*Triphysaria eriantha* Johnny tuck Plantaginaceae

*Malosma laurina* laurelleaf sumac

*Senecio vulgaris* common groundsel Asteraceae Leaves lobed

*Holocarpha virgata* common tarweed Asteraceae

*Chenopodium album* lamb's quarters Chenopodiaceae LF Diamond shaped

*Pseudognaphalium bioletti* bi-colored everlasting Asteraceae Opposing LF faces contrasting in color Sharply scented Phyllaries white to pink

*Lilium pardalinum* Leopard lily Liliaceae LF margin NOT wavy; elliptic Perianth 2-toned

*Genista monspessulana* French broom Fabaceae

*Erysimum capitatum* western wallflower Brassicaceae

*Ambrosia psilostachya* var. *californica* western ragweed Asteraceae Leaves most glabrous of other *Ambrosias*

*Hordeum marinum* Mediterranean barley Poaceae INFL 1.5-7 cm (gen shorter than summer barley) INFL green to purple

*Cynoglossum grande* houndstongue Boraginaceae

*Veratrum californicum* CA false hellebore Melanthiaceae

*Amorpha californica* CA false-indigo Fabaceae

*Cylindropuntia bigelovii* teddy bear cholla Cactaceae

*Ammophila arenaria* European beach grass Poaceae

*Carduus pycnocephalus* Italian thistle Asteraceae

*Bromus tectorum* cheat grass Poaceae

*Bromus hordeaceus* Soft chess Poaceae

*Senagalia greggii* catclaw Fabaceae 2nd order LFLTS 3-6 pair (vs. *P. glandulosa*)

*Salix* spp. willow Salicaceae

*Aquilegia formosa* columbine Ranunculaceae

*Opuntia basilaris* beavertail cactus Cactaceae FL magenta

*Datura wrightii* Jimson weed Solanaceae

*Artemisia tridentata* great basin sagebrush Asteraceae Leaves wedge-shaped

*Aconitum columbianum* monkshood Ranunculaceae

*Heterotheca grandiflora* telegraph weed Asteraceae erect Ray FLs 25-40 - smaller than H. sessiliflora; proximal cauline LVS clasping

*Cytisus scoparius* Scotch broom Fabaceae

*Amsinckia* spp. Fiddleneck Boraginaceae

*Eriophyllum confertiflorum* golden yarrow Asteraceae Ray FL 2-5 mm LF rolled under; obovate LVS glabrous adaxially

*Scrophularia californica* CA bee plant Scrophulariaceae

*Malacothamnus* spp. bushmallow Malvaceae

*Amaranthus* spp. Pigweed or Tumbleweed Amaranthaceae

*Elymus glaucus* blue wild rye Poaceae

*Brassica nigra* black mustard Brassicaceae

*Senecio aronicoides* butterweed Asteraceae LF ovate to elliptic

*Keckiella* spp. beardstongue Plantaginaceae fertile filaments attached to corolla at ONE level

*Triteleia hyacintha* wild hyacinth Themidaceae

*Tauschia* spp. Tauschia Apiaceae compound umbels

*Castilleja subinclusa* long-leaved paintbrush Orobanchaceae FL red (maybe yellow) Beak protruded Yellow

*Pogogyne* spp. Pogogyne Lamiaceae

*Wyethia* spp. mule ears Asteraceae

*Oemleria cerasiformis* Indian plum Rosaceae

*Chenopodium californicum* CA goosefoot Chenopodiaceae LF deltate; base truncate to hastate

*Elymus condensatus* giant wildrye Poaceae perennial cespitose INFL branched

*Lomatium dasycarpum* hog fennell Apiaceae corolla white-green (may look pale yellow)

*Deinandra fasciculata* fasciculated tarplant Asteraceae bracts subtending head overlapping

*Pennisetum setaceum* African fountain grass Poaceae

*Melica californica* CA Melic grass Poaceae spikelet 5-15 mm (longer than M. imperfecta) INFL branches appressed

*Croton setiger* turkey-mullein Euphorbiaceae

*Heracleum maximum* cow parsnip Apiaceae

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Stipa miliacea* smilo grass Poaceae

*Rumex crispus* curly dock Polygonaceae

*Robinia pseudoacacia* black locust Fabaceae

*Dudleya pulverulenta* chalky live-forever Crassulaceae

*Corylus cornuta* hazelnut Betulaceae

*Senecio flaccidus var. douglasii* Shrub ragwort Asteraceae Leaves thread-like SHRUB Rays 8, 13 or 21

*Toxicodendron diversilobum* poisonoak Anacardiaceae

*Sedum spathulifolium* Pacific stonecrop Crassulaceae

*Helminthotheca echioides* bristly ox-tongue Asteraceae LVS 'bumpy'

*Sonchus asper* Prickly sow thistle Asteraceae Spined margins of leaves more pronounced than *S. oleraceus*

*Galium aparine* sticky bedstraw Rubiaceae LVS whorls of 6 Corolla white

*Frankenia salina* alkali heath Frankeniaceae

*Salvia apiana* white sage Lamiaceae Corolla tube - white - lower lip upcurved, blocking throat

*Torilis arvensis* hedge parsley Apiaceae

*Penstemon centranthifolius* Scarlet bugler Plantaginaceae corolla red

*Ceanothus* spp. Ceanothus Rhamnaceae only member of family with SHOWY flowers

*Allium* spp. Onion Alliaceae

*Corallorhiza maculata* spotted coralroot Orchidaceae

*Eriogonum nudum* barestem buckwheat Polygonaceae LVS basal

*Chamaebatia foliolosa* mountain misery Rosaceae

*Avena* spp. oat grass Poaceae

*Vulpia* spp. 'fescue' Poaceae

*Rhododendron macrophyllum* bigleaf maple Ericaceae

*Cornus sericea* redosier dogwood

*Erigeron canadensis* Common horseweed Asteraceae

*Equisetum laevigatum* smooth scouring rush Equisetaceae

*Pedicularis densiflorus* Indian warrior Orobanchaceae

*Salsola tragus* Russian thistle Chenopodiaceae

*Platystemon californicus* Cream cups Papaveraceae

*Castilleja affinis* Indian paintbrush Orobanchaceae FL red or yellow

*Salvia columbariae* chia Lamiaceae corolla pale to ELECTRIC blue; spotted 1-2 flower clusters/stem

*Helianthus annuus* common sunflower Asteraceae

*Marah fabaceae* CA manroot Cucurbitaceae

*Opuntia littoralis* coast prickly pear Cactaceae FL yellow

*Argemone munita* prickly poppy Papaveraceae

*Hazardia squarrosa* sawtooth goldenbush

*Rhus integrifolia* lemonade berry Anacardiaceae

*Prosopis glandulosa* honey mesquite Fabaceae

*Distichlis spicata* salt grass Poaceae

*Polystichum* spp. sword fern Dryopteridaceae

*Croton californicus* California croton Euphorbiaceae

*Aquilegia formosa* columbine Ranunculaceae

*Calyptridium umbellatum* pussy paws Montiaceae FL Showy

*Solanum xanti* chaparral nightshade Solanaceae plant NOT prickly

*Poa bulbosa* bulbous blue grass Poaceae densely cespitose ST base bulbous

*Hypericum perforatum* Klamathweed Hypericaceae

*Phacelia* spp. Phacelia Boraginaceae

*Marrubium vulgare* horehound Lamiaceae

*Galium andrewsii* phlox-leaved bedstraw Rubiaceae LVS whorls of 4 corolla light yellow

*Melica imperfecta* coast melic

*Triteleia laxa* Ithuriel's spear Themidaceae

*Limnanthes alba* white meadowfoam Limnanthaceae

*Calyptridium monandrum* Sand-cress Montiaceae FL NOT Showy

*Silene laciniata* Indian pink Caryophyllaceae

*Bromus carinatus* CA brome Poaceae

*Cercocarpus ledifolius* birchleaf mahogany Rosaceae LVS entire

*Pennisetum setaceum* African fountain grass Poaceae

*Malacothamnus* spp. bushmallow Malvaceae

*Erythranthe guttata* Seep monkey flower Phrymaceae

*Malva parviflora* cheesweed Malvaceae

*Eryngium* spp. Coyote thistle APIACEAE

*Apiastrum angustifolium* mock celery Apiaceae leaves pinnately dissected and linear

*Platystemon californicus* Cream cups Papaveraceae

*Layia glandulosa* white layia Asteraceae

*Eryngium* spp. Coyote thistle APIACEAE

*Prunus emarginata* bitter cherry Rosaceae FL 3-12 shorter petiole than *P. virginiana*

*Stipa pulchra* purple needle grass Poaceae

*Thermopsis californica* CA False-Lupine Fabaceae

*Phacelia* spp. Phacelia Boraginaceae

*Malosma laurina* Laurel sumac Anacardiaceae

*Vicia villosa* spring vetch LFLTS 12-18; tips rounded INFL crowded; \>9 Flowers

*Rubus ursinus* Pacific blackberry Rosaceae

*Rumex acetosella* sheep sorrell Polygonaceae

*Apium graveolens* celery Apiaceae leaves NOT pinnately dissected (like *Apiastrum*)

*Isocoma menziesii* coastal goldenbush Asteraceae

*Penstemon heterophyllus* Foothill penstemon Plantaginaceae corolla bluish-purple

*Lythrum hyssopifolia* Hyssop loosestrife Lythraceae

*Pectocarya setosa* moth combseed

*Conium maculatum* poisonhemlock Apiaceae

*Melilotus alba* white sweetclover Fabaceae LVS slightly toothed corolla WHITE

*Sanicula bipinnitifida* Purple sanicle Apiaceae simple umbels

*Helenium bigelovii* sneezeweed Asteraceae

*Gilia tricolor* bird's eye Gilia FL throat with purple spots below lobes INFL not spheric

*Monardella* spp. Coyote mint Fertile stamens = 4 (versus 2 in *Salvia*)

*Calycanthus occidentalis* spicebush Calycanthaceae

*Brodiaea s*pp. brodiaea Themidaceae Straight scape 3 stamens

*Erigeron foliosis* leafy fleabane daisy Asteraceae

*Lamarckia aurea* golden top Poaceae

*Salvia mellifera* black sage Lamiaceae Leaf adaxially glabrous; corolla WHITE to pale blue or lavender LOWER LIP @ 90 degree angle

*Orobanche fasciculata* clustered broomrape Orobanchaceae

*Artemisia douglasiana* mugwort Asteraceae Leaves 3-5 lobed

*Dendromecon rigida* bush poppy Papaveraceae

*Salvia leucocyphylla* purple sage Lamiaceae corolla tube rose-lavender ZERO lower lip

*Senecio triangularis* Arrowleaf ragwort Asteraceae LF widely triangular Rays 8

*Dudleya pulverulenta* chalky live-forever Crassulaceae

*Allenrolfea occidentalis* iodine bush Chenopodiaceae

*Pickeringia montana* chaparral pea Fabaceae

*Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum* Jersey cudweed Asteraceae Phyllaries silver gray to yellow to brown LVS heavily tomentose; silvery

*Heteromeles arbutifolia* toyon Rosaceae

*Cytisus scoparius* Scotch broom Fabaceae

*Prunus emarginata* bitter cherry Rosaceae FL 3-12 shorter petiole than *P. virginiana*

*Vaccinium parvifolium* red huckleberry Ericaceae

*Poa secunda* one-sided blue grass Poaceae densely tufted INFL appressed (spreading only in FL)

*Briza* spp. Rattlesnake grass Poaceae

*Genista monspessulana* French broom Fabaceae

*Elymus elymoides* squirrel tail Poaceae perennial cespitose can be glaucous

*Calochortus* spp. Mariposa lily Liliaceae

*Pectocarya setosa* moth combseed

*Achillea millefolium* yarrow Asteraceae

*Lathyrus sulphureus* snup pea Fabaceae INFL 1-sided Banner reflexed above middle FL white-yellow to bronze-orange

*Castilleja affinis* Indian paintbrush Orobanchaceae FL red or yellow

*Claytonia perfoliata* miners lettuce MONTIACEAE Basal LVS \<3x longer than wide; bases tapered abruptly or truncate

*Prunella vulgaris* self heal Lamiaceae

*Ribes roezlii* Sierra gooseberry Grossulariaceae

*Limnanthes alba* white meadowfoam Limnanthaceae

*Poa secunda* one-sided blue grass Poaceae densely tufted INFL appressed (spreading only in FL)

*Stachys* spp. hedge nettle Lamiaceae

*Primula jeffreyi* Sierra shooting star Primulaceae

*Eucalyptus globulus* blue gum Myrtaceae Perianth \<2cm LVS sickle-shaped (narrowly lanceolate) FR warty and 4-ribbed

*Xanthium* spp. cocklebur Asteraceae

*Iris macrosiphon* Bowl-tube iris Iridaceae Stigma triangular LVs narrower than *I. douglasii*

*Ericameria bloomeri* Bloomer's rabbitbrush Asteraceae RAY flowers 1-5 (vs. *E. linearifolia*)

*Agave deserti* Desert agave Agavaceae

*Delphinium parishii* pale-flowered larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals oblong; not surpassing petals Flower raceme not robust (like *D. parryi*)

*Centromadia pungens* common spikeweed Asteraceae

*Diplacus calycinus* Fuzzy bush monkeyflower Phrymaceae FL 2/node LVS serrate and narrowly elliptic Corolla pale cream to pale yellow

*Calyptridium umbellatum* pussy paws Montiaceae FL Showy

*Heterotheca sessiliflora* hairy goldenaster Asteraceae decumbent to erect coastal Ray FLs 4-24 - larger than H. grandiflora NO LVS clasping

*Extriplex californica* CA Orach Chenopodiaceae Coastal

*Adiantum aleuticum* Five-fingered fern Pteridaceae

*Claytonia perfoliata* miners lettuce MONTIACEAE Basal LVS \<3x longer than wide; bases tapered abruptly or truncate

*Castilleja exserta* purple owl clover Orobanchaceae FL white, lavender or purple

*Eriodictyon crassifolium* thick-leaved yerba santa Boraginaceae leafs tomentose

*Centromadia pungens* common spikeweed Asteraceae

*Tribulus terrestris* Puncture vine Zygophyllaceae

*Iris macrosiphon* Bowl-tube iris Iridaceae Stigma triangular LVs narrower than *I. douglasii*

*Eucalyptus globulus* blue gum Myrtaceae Perianth \<2 cm LVS sickle-shaped (narrowly lanceolate) FR warty and 4-ribbed

*Collomia grandiflora* large flowered collomia Polemoniaceae

*Chenopodium album* lamb's quarters Chenopodiaceae LF Diamond shaped

*Rhododendron columbianum* western labrador tea Ericaceae

*Rumex acetosella* sheep sorrell Polygonaceae

*Eriogonum nudum* barestem buckwheat Polygonaceae LVS basal

*Suaeda nigra* bush seepweed Chenopodiaceae leaf blades semi-cylindrical bracts not overlapping ST shiny green-yellow-brown or red INFL Open

*Holocarpha virgata* common tarweed

*Helianthus annuus* common sunflower Asteraceae

*Lonicera interrupta* Chaparral honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae Flowers yellow; berries red

*Poa pratensis* Kentucky blue grass Poaceae loosely to densely tufted

*Ribes cereum* wax currant Grossulariaceae spicy odor Sepals reflexed Sepals white to pink INFL open 3-7 flowered FR red; glabrous to glaucous; may or not be glandular

*Kalmia polifolia* mountain laurel Ericaceae

*Leptosiphon parviflorus* Yellow linanthus Polemoniaceae Corolla maroon, pink, white, yellow

*Adenostoma fasciculatum* chamise Rosaceae

*Dicentra formosa* bleeding heart Papaveraceae

*Lathyrus vestitus* Pacific peavine Fabaceae banner reflexed at 90 degrees

*Dudleya pulverulenta* chalky live-forever Crassulaceae

*Frangula californica* ssp. *tomentella* Hoary coffee brush Rhamnaceae

*Psorothamnus spinosus* Smoke tree Fabaceae

*Rubus parviflorus* Thimble berry Rosaceae

*Epilobium ciliatum* slender willowherb Onagraceae

*Salsola tragus* Russian thistle Chenopodiaceae

*Ericameria bloomeri* Bloomer's rabbitbrush Asteraceae RAY flowers 1-5 (vs. *E. linearifolia*)

*Bromus tectorum* cheat grass Poaceae

*Platystemon californicus* Cream cups Papaveraceae

*Rhamnus crocea* spiny redberry Rhamnaceae

*Plantago erecta* CA plantain Plantaganiceae

*Erodium cicutarium* redstem filaree Geraniaceae Basal leaves pinnately compound

*Arceuthobium campylopodum* pine dwarf mistletoe Viscaceae

*Fritillaria* spp. Fritillaria Liliaceae

*Prunus ilicifolia* hollyleaf cherry Rosaceae Evergreen LVS spiny-serrate

*Vulpia* spp. 'fescue' Poaceae

*Chlorogalum pomeridianum* wavy-leaved soap plant Agavaceae

*Crassula connata* pygmy sandweed Crassulaceae

*Lasthenia* spp. goldfields LVS opp (vs ALT in Blennosperma)

*Stipa pulchra* purple needle grass Poaceae

*Marah fabaceae* CA manroot Cucurbitaceae

*Viola purpurea* Goosefoot violet Violaceae

*Chenopodium murale* nettle-leaved goosefoot Chenopodiaceae LF deltate to diamond; base wedge shaped

*Eucalyptus camaldulensis* red river gum Myrtaceae perianth \<3 mm FR not warty LVs lanceolate

*Leptosyne bigelovii* Bigelow's coreopsis

*Chenopodium murale* nettle-leaved goosefoot Chenopodiaceae LF deltate to diamond; base wedge shaped

*Epipactis gigantea* stream orchid Orchidaceae

*Leptosyne bigelovii* Bigelow's coreopsis

*Artemisia dracunculus* tarragon Asteraceae leaves few lobed - linear

Festuca perennis Italian rye Poaceae

*Baccharis pilularis* coyote brush Asteraceae

*Pterospora andromedea* pinedrops Ericaceae

*Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum* Jersey cudweed Asteraceae Phyllaries silver gray to yellow to brown LVS heavily tomentose; silvery

*Agoseris retrorsa* spear-leaved mountain dandelion

*Berberis aquifolium* Tall Oregon grape Berberidaceae pinnately veined

*Croton californicus* California croton Euphorbiaceae

*Euthamia occidentalis* Western goldenrod Asteraceae

*Holodiscus discolor* oceanspray Rosaceae

*Iris douglasiana* Douglas iris Iridaceae Stigma triangular

*Leptosiphon aureus* desert star Polemoniaceae Corolla yellow or white

*Schinus molle* Peruvian pepper tree Anacardiaceae Distal branches drooping looks similar to Fabaceae LFLTS lanceolate

*Amorpha californica* CA false-indigo Fabaceae

*Dudleya cymosa* canyon live-forever Crassulaceae

*Artemisia tridentata* great basin sagebrush Asteraceae Leaves wedge-shaped

*Vaccinium parvifolium* red huckleberry Ericaceae

*Peritoma arborea* bladderpod

*Mentzelia laevicaulis* blazing star Loasaceae

*Eleocharis parishii* Parish's spikerush Cyperaceae smaller spikelet than E. macrostachya

*Allium* spp. Onion Alliaceae

*Malosma laurina* Laurel sumac Anacardiaceae

*Monardella* spp. Coyote mint Fertile stamens = 4 (versus 2 in *Salvia*)

*Chamaebatia foliolosa* mountain misery Rosaceae

*Allium* spp. Onion Alliaceae

*Marsilea vestita* hairy waterclover Marsileaceae

*Dryopteris arguta* coastal wood fern Dryopteridaceae

*Camissonia campestris* Mohave suncup Onagraceae FL from distal nodes LVS linear to narrowly linear

*Hirschfeldia incana* summer mustard

*Eschscholzia californica* CA poppy Papaveraceae

*Malacothrix coulteri* snakeheads Asteraceae

*Drymocallis glandulosa* sticky cinquefoil Rosaceae

*Calyptridium monandrum* Sand-cress Montiaceae FL NOT Showy

*Ammophila arenaria* European beach grass Poaceae

*Dudleya cymosa* canyon live-forever Crassulaceae

*Rhamnus ilicifolia* Hollyleaf redberry Rhamnaceae LF ovate to round veins may be prominent

*Melica californica* CA Melic grass Poaceae spikelet 5-15 mm (longer than M. imperfecta) INFL branches appressed

*Equisetum laevigatum* smooth scouring rush Equisetaceae

*Drymocallis glandulosa* sticky cinquefoil Rosaceae

*Heuchera micrantha* crevice alum root Saxifragaceae

*Brickellia californica* CA brickelbush Asteraceae

*Layia glandulosa* white layia Asteraceae

*Agoseris retrorsa* Spear-leaved mountain dandelion Asteraceae

*Chenopodium murale* nettle-leaved goosefoot Chenopodiaceae LF deltate to diamond; base wedge shaped

*Acmispon* spp. lotus Fabaceae

*Vicia sativa* common vetch LFLTS 8-14; tips acute/truncate/notched INFL not crowded; 1-3 Flowers

*Bromus tectorum* cheat grass Poaceae

*Artemisia douglasiana* mugwort Asteraceae Leaves 3-5 lobed

*Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia* beach evening primrose Onagraceae FL from distal nodes FL may have a basal spot LV ovate to obovate

*Gnaphalium palustre* lowland cudweed Asteraceae wet areas decumbent phyllaries = brown

*Primula hendersonii* Henderson's shooting star Primulaceae

*Prunus ilicifolia* hollyleaf cherry Rosaceae Evergreen LVS spiny-serrate

*Lactuca serriola* prickly lettuce Asteraceae

*Wyethia* spp. mule ears Asteraceae

*Rumex crispus* curly dock Polygonaceae

*Iris douglasiana* Douglas iris Iridaceae Stigma triangular

*Erodium botrys* broadleaf filaree Geraniaceae Basal leaves deeply lobed

*Genista monspessulana* French broom Fabaceae

*Cylindropuntia bigelovii* teddy bear cholla Cactaceae

*Larrea tridentata* creosote bush Zygophyllaceae

*Blennosperma nanum* common stickyseed Asteraceae

*Rosa gymnocarpa* wood rose Rosaceae Petals pink to red loose shrub prickles needle-like sepals deciduous in fruit

*Lamarckia aurea* golden top Poaceae

*Artemisia dracunculus* tarragon Asteraceae leaves few lobed - linear

*Leptosiphon parviflorus* Yellow linanthus Polemoniaceae Corolla maroon, pink, white, yellow

*Eriodictyon crassifolium* thick-leaved yerba santa Boraginaceae leafs tomentose

*Anemopsis californica* yerba mansa Sauruceae

*Carduus pycnocephalus* Italian thistle Asteraceae

*Salvia apiana* white sage Lamiaceae Corolla tube - white - lower lip upcurved, blocking throat

*Ambrosia chamissonis* beach bur Asteraceae coastal mat forming; prostrate

*Ricinus communis* castor bean Euphorbiaceae

*Solanum elaeagnifolium* silverleaf nightshade Solanaceae Plant prickly

*Ambrosia chamissonis* beach bur Asteraceae coastal mat forming; prostrate

*Ailanthus altissima* Chinese tree-of-heaven Simaroubaceae

*Arbutus menziesii* madrone Ericaceae

*Pedicularis densiflorus* Indian warrior Orobanchaceae

*Primula hendersonii* Henderson's shooting star Primulaceae

*Ambrosia salsola* Burrobrush Asteraceae Leaves linear

*Barbarea orthoceras* American rocket Brassicaceae

*Ribes cereum* wax currant Grossulariaceae spicy odor Sepals reflexed Sepals white to pink INFL open 3-7 flowered FR red; glabrous to glaucous; may or not be glandular

*Eleocharis parishii* Parish's spikerush Cyperaceae smaller spikelet than E. macrostachya

*Vicia villosa* spring vetch LFLTS 12-18; tips rounded INFL crowded; \>9 Flowers

*Diplacus longiflorus* Sticky bush monkeyflower Phrymaceae FL 2/node LVS serrate

*Lomation dasycarpum* hog fennel Apiaceae corolla WHITE

*Sambucus racemosa* red elderberry Adoxaceae FR red LFLTS 5-7 LFLTS lanceolate to oblong INFL dome-topped - pyramidal

*Veronica peregrina* ssp. *xalapensis* purslane speedwell Plantaginaceae

*Hesperoyucca whipplei* Our Lord's Candle Agavaceae

*Dudleya cymosa* canyon live-forever Crassulaceae

*Pseudognaphalium californicum* green everlasting Asteraceae LF faces generally green Phyllaries white to pink

*Lilium pardalinum* Leopard lily Liliaceae LF margin NOT wavy; elliptic Perianth 2-toned

*Artemisia californica* California sagebrush Asteraceae Leaves thread-like

*Ranunculus occidentalis* western buttercup Ranunculaceae

*Gilia tricolor* bird's eye Gilia FL throat with purple spots below lobes INFL not spheric

*Ribes malvaceum* chaparral currant Grossulariaceae Sepals pink to purple INFL open 10-25 flowered FR purple glauceous and glandular

*Polypodium* spp. Polypody fern Polypodiaceae

*Ribes nevadense* Sierra currant Grossulariaceae Sepals pink to red INFL dense 8-20 flowered FR blue-black glaucous

*Helenium bigelovii* sneezeweed Asteraceae

*Rhododendron occidentale* western azalea Ericaceae

*Fraxinus dipetala* CA Ash Oleaceae 2 petals (vs. 0 in F. latifolia) Leaflets 3-7; serrate

*Erythranthe guttata* Seep monkey flower Phrymaceae

*Lythrum hyssopifolia* Hyssop loosestrife Lythraceae

*Euphorbia* spp. Spurge Euphorbiaceae

*Atriplex semibaccata* Australian saltbush Chenopodiaceae LVS oblong to oblanceolate; white scaly abaxially

*Ribes malvaceum* chaparral currant Sepals pink to purple INFL open 10-25 flowered FR purple glauceous

*Solanum xanti* chaparral nightshade Solanaceae plant NOT prickly

*Stipa hymenoides* Indian ricegrass Poaceae

*Iris missouriensis* western blue flag Iridaceae stigma 2-lobed Perianth white to pale lavender

*Dipsacus sativus* Indian teasel INVOLUCRE bract spreading or reflexed

*Garrya* spp. silktassel Garryaceae

*Erodium botrys* broadleaf filaree Geraniaceae Basal leaves deeply lobed

*Vicia sativa* common vetch LFLTS 8-14; tips acute/truncate/notched INFL not crowded; 1-3 Flowers

*Gilia capitata* ssp. *abrotanifolia* blue field Gilia Polemoniaceae corolla pale blue-white calyx hairy; lobes acute to acuminate INFL head terminal/spheric - 25-50 FL LVS cauline finger-like

*Leptosiphon aureus* desert star Polemoniaceae Corolla yellow or white

*Heterotheca sessiliflora* hairy goldenaster Asteraceae decumbent to erect coastal Ray FLs 4-24 - larger than H. grandiflora NO LVS clasping

*Sonchus oleraceus* Common sow thistle Asteraceae Spined margins of leaves tend to be shorter than on *S. asper*

*Heteromeles arbutifolia* toyon Rosaceae

*Minuartia douglasii* Douglas sandwort

*Eriogonum umbellatum* Munz yellow buckwheat Polygonaceae Perianth yellow

*Pseudognaphalium californicum* green everlasting Asteraceae LF faces generally green Phyllaries white to pink

*Poa pratensis* Kentucky blue grass Poaceae loosely to densely tufted

*Bloomeria crocea* goldenstars Themidaceae perianth parts free at base - no tube

*Senagalia greggii* catclaw Fabaceae 2nd order LFLTS 3-6 pair (vs. *P. glandulosa*)

*Malosma laurina* laurelleaf sumac

*Lonicera involucrata* Twinberry honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae

*Azolla filiculoides* mosquito fern Azollaceae

*Camissoniopsis hirtella* hairy sun cuup Onagraceae FL from distal nodes 0 basal spot Glandular FL much smaller than C. cheiranthifolia

*Triteleia hyacintha* wild hyacinth Themidaceae

*Nemophila menziesii* baby blue eyes Boraginaceae Corolla white to blue

*Lamarckia aurea* golden top Poaceae

*Senecio vulgaris* common groundsel Asteraceae Leaves lobed

*Fritillaria* spp. Fritillaria Liliaceae

*Pedicularis densiflora* indian warrior Orobanchaceae

*Garrya* spp. silktassel Garryaceae

*Apium graveolens* celery Apiaceae leaves NOT pinnately dissected (like *Apiastrum*)

*Marrubium vulgare* horehound Lamiaceae

*Verbena lasiostachys* western verbena Verbenaceae

*Collomia grandiflora* large flowered collomia Polemoniaceae

*Madia elegans* common madia Asteraceae

*Dendromecon rigida* bush poppy Papaveraceae

*Eucalyptus camaldulensis* red river gum Myrtaceae perianth \<3 mm FR not warty LVs lanceolate

*Melica californica* CA melic

*Erythronium* spp. Fawn lily Liliaceae

*Ambrosia chamissonis* beach bur Asteraceae coastal mat forming; prostrate

*Festuca perennis* Italian rye Poaceae

*Salvia mellifera* black sage Lamiaceae Leaf adaxially glabrous; corolla WHITE to pale blue or lavender LOWER LIP @ 90 degree angle

*Camissoniopsis hirtella* hairy sun cuup Onagraceae FL from distal nodes 0 basal spot Glandular FL much smaller than C. cheiranthifolia

*Malva parviflora* cheesweed Malvaceae

*Koeleria macrantha* June grass Poaceae

*Abronia* spp. sand-verbena Nyctaginaceae

*Psorothamnus spinosus* Smoke tree Fabaceae

*Eriophyllum lanatum* wooly sunflower Asteraceae Ray FL 6-20 mm LF rolled under; linear to ovate

*Salvia apiana* white sage Lamiaceae Corolla tube - white - lower lip upcurved, blocking throat

*Nemophila menziesii* baby blue eyes Boraginaceae Corolla white to blue

*Cynara cardunculus* Artichoke thistle Asteraceae

*Stipa pulchra* purple needle grass Poaceae

*Castilleja applegatei* wavyleaf paintbrush Orobanchaceae LVS wavy FL bright red

*Purshia tridentata* bitterbrush Rosaceae

*Ericameria bloomeri* Bloomer's rabbitbrush Asteraceae RAY flowers 1-5 (vs. *E. linearifolia*)

*Melica californica* CA Melic grass Poaceae spikelet 5-15 mm (longer than M. imperfecta) INFL branches appressed

*Plantago major* common plantain Plantaganiceae

*Arctostaphylos* spp. manzanita Ericaceae

*Chenopodium murale* nettle-leaved goosefoot Chenopodiaceae LF deltate to diamond; base wedge shaped

*Bromus diandrus* ripgut grass Poaceae

*Juncus balticus* Baltic rush INFL looks lateral ST cylindrical Rhizome scaly and long

*Melilotus indicus* sourclover Fabaceae LVS sharly dentate corolla yellow

*Medicago polymorpha* bur clover Fabaceae

*Veronica anagallis-aquatica* water speedwell Plantaginaceae

*Melilotus alba* white sweetclover Fabaceae LVS slightly toothed corolla WHITE

*Juniperus occidentalis* western juniper tree seed cones maturing blue-black

*Triteleia laxa* Ithuriel's spear Themidaceae

*Stipa miliacea* smilo grass Poaceae

*Elymus triticoides* beardless wildrye Poaceae

*Bolboschoenus maritimus* saltmarsh bulrush Cyperaceae

*Croton californicus* California croton Euphorbiaceae

*Helenium bigelovii* sneezeweed Asteraceae

*Eleocharis macrostachya* common spikerush Cyperaceae larger spikelet than E. parishii

*Ascelpias* spp. milkweed Apocynaceae filaments fused into filament column 5 elaborate appendages abaxially

*Plantago erecta* CA plantain Plantaganiceae

*Cephalanthus occidentalis* Button willow Rubiaceae

*Lathyrus latifolius* everlasting pea Fabaceae

*Brassica nigra* black mustard Brassicaceae

*Prosopis glandulosa* honey mesquite Fabaceae

*Schinus molle* Peruvian pepper tree Anacardiaceae Distal branches drooping looks similar to Fabaceae LFLTS lanceolate

*Trichostema lanatum* woolly bluecurls Lamiaceae

*Prunus virginiana* choke cherry Rosaceae FL 18+ longer petiole than *P. emarginata*

*Hazardia squarrosa* sawtooth goldensbush

*Pogogyne* spp. Pogogyne Lamiaceae

*Clematis lasiantha* pipestem clematis Ranunculaceae LFLTS 3-5 50-100 stamens

*Adiantum jordanii* CA maidenhair fern Pteridaceae

*Larrea tridentata* creosote bush Zygophyllaceae

*Baccharis salicifolia* mulefat Asteraceae

*Ambrosia salsola* Burrobrush Asteraceae leaves linear

*Ericameria bloomeri* Bloomer's rabbitbrush Asteraceae RAY flowers 1-5 (vs. *E. linearifolia*)

*Brodiaea* spp. brodiaea Themidaceae Straight scape 3 stamens

*Acourtia microcephala* Sacapellote Asteraceae one of few pink blooms in sunflower family!

*Melica imperfecta* Coast Melic grass Poaceae spikelet 3-7 mm (shorter than M. californica) INFL branches appressed to spreading

*Eriogonum cinereum* coast buckwheat Polygonaceae LF ovate

*Tamarix* spp. Tamarix Tamaricaceae

*Centaurea solstitialis* yellow starthistle Asteraceae Spines pale yellow tipped

*Lythrum hyssopifolia* Hyssop loosestrife Lythraceae

*Acmispon* spp. lotus Fabaceae stipules gland-like

*Cercis occidentalis* western redbud Fabaceae

*Juglans californica* Southern CA black walnut FRUIT 2 - 3.5 cm, shell thick shallowly grooved abaxial leaf vein axils WITHOUT hairs Leaflets narrow elliptic

*Malva parviflora* cheesweed Malvaceae

*Rosa gymnocarpa* wood rose Rosaceae Petals pink to red loose shrub prickles needle-like sepals deciduous in fruit

Sa*nicula bipinnitifida* Purple sanicle Apiaceae simple umbels

*Dipsacus fullonum* Fuller's teasel INVOLUCRE bract erect or upcurved

*Melilotus indicus* sourclover Fabaceae LVS sharly dentate corolla yellow

*Nasturtium officinale* water cress

*Ribes aureum* golden currant Grossulariaceae sepals YELLOW

*Penstemon centranthifolius* Scarlet bugler Plantaginaceae corolla red

*Calyptridium umbellatum* pussy paws Montiaceae FL Showy

*Lysimachia arvensis* scarlet pimpernel Myrsinaceae

*Gnaphalium palustre* lowland cudweed Asteraceae wet areas decumbent phyllaries = brown

*Lonicera interrupta* Chaparral honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae Flowers yellow; berries red

*Ribes malvaceum* chaparral currant petals pink to purple INFL open 10-25 flowered FR purple glaucous

*Centaurea melitensis* Tocalote Asteraceae Spines purple tipped

*Polygala cornuta* milkwort Polygalaceae

*Sonchus oleraceus* Common sow thistle Asteraceae Spined margins of leaves tend to be shorter than on *S. asper*

*Astragalus* spp. milkvetch Fabaceae

*Phacelia* spp. Phacelia Boraginaceae

*Platystemon californicus* Cream cups Papaveraceae

*Cornus sericea* redosier dogwood

*Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia* beach evening primrose Onagraceae FL from distal nodes FL may have a basal spot LV ovate to obovate

*Ambrosia salsola* Burrobrush Asteraceae Leaves linear

*Salvia columbariae* chia Lamiaceae corolla pale to ELECTRIC blue; spotted LVs deeply lobed 1-2 flower clusters/stem

*Croton setiger* turkey-mullein Euphorbiaceae

*Amsinckia* spp. Fiddleneck Boraginaceae

*Primula hendersonii* Henderson's shooting star Primulaceae

*Adiantum jordanii* CA maidenhair fern Pteridaceae

*Baccharis pilularis* coyote brush Asteraceae

*Aconitum columbianum* monkshood Ranunculaceae

*Artemisia dracunculus* tarragon Asteraceae leaves few lobed - linear

*Ericameria linearifolia* interior rabbitbrush Asteraceae RAY Flowers 12-18 (vs. *E. bloomeri*) stem resinous

*Schinus terebinthifolius* Brazilian pepper tree Anacardiaceae Distal branches spreading to erect looks similar to Fabaceae LFLTS elliptic to oblong

*Pterospora andromedea* pinedrops Ericaceae

*Erigeron foliosis* leafy fleabane daisy Asteraceae

*Castilleja exserta* purple owl clover Orobanchaceae FL white, lavender or purple

*Frankenia salina* alkali heath Frankeniaceae

*Aspidotis densa* lace fern Pteridaceae

*Eucalyptus camaldulensis* red river gum Myrtaceae perianth \<3 mm FR not warty LVs lanceolate

*Achyrachaena mollis* Blow wives Asteraceae

*Eriodictyon crassifolium* thick-leaved yerba santa Boraginaceae leafs tomentose

*Erysimum capitatum* western wallflower Brassicaceae

*Rosa gymnocarpa* wood rose Rosaceae Petals pink to red loose shrub prickles needle-like sepals deciduous in fruit

*Ephedra viridis* Mormon-tea Ephedraceae

*Polygonum aviculare* common knotweed Polygonaceae

*Helminthotheca echioides* bristly ox-tongue Asteraceae LVS 'bumpy'

*Silene laciniata* Indian pink Caryophyllaceae

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Calyptridium umbellatum* pussy paws Montiaceae FL Showy

*Stipa miliacea* smilo grass Poaceae

*Nemophila maculata* five-spot Boraginaceae Corolla white with purple spots on lobe tips

*Washingtonia robusta* Mexican fan palm Arecaceae

*Epipactis gigantea* stream orchid Orchidaceae

*Platanus racemosa* CA sycamore Platanaceae

*Lomation dasycarpum* hog fennel Apiaceae

*Erythronium* spp. Fawn lily Liliaceae

*Ranunculus occidentalis* western buttercup Ranunculaceae

*Amsinckia* spp. Fiddleneck Boraginaceae

*Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum* Jersey cudweed Asteraceae Phyllaries silver gray to yellow to brown LVS heavily tomentose; silvery

*Eriogonum cinereum* coast buckwheat Polygonaceae LF ovate

*Trifolium* spp. clover Fabaceae

*Rubus armeniacus* Himalayan berry Rosaceae

*Eucalyptus globulus* blue gum Myrtaceae Perianth \<2 cm LVS sickle-shaped (narrowly lanceolate) FR 4-ribbed and warty

*Pseudognaphalium californicum* green everlasting Asteraceae LF faces generally green Phyllaries white to pink

*Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum* Slenderleaf ice plant Aizoceae

*Cakile maritima* sea rocket Brassicaceae

*Ranunculus occidentalis* western buttercup Ranunculaceae

*Ericameria linearifolia* interior rabbitbrush Asteraceae RAY Flowers 12-18 (vs. *E. bloomeri*) stem resinous

*Schinus terebinthifolius* Brazilian pepper tree Anacardiaceae Distal branches spreading to erect looks similar to Fabaceae LFLTS elliptic to oblong

*Vicia villosa* spring vetch LFLTS 12-18; tips rounded INFL crowded; \>9 Flowers

*Euphorbia* spp. Spurge Euphorbiaceae

*Poa pratensis* Kentucky blue grass Poaceae loosely to densely tufted

*Triteleia hyacintha* wild hyacinth Themidaceae

*Rosa californica* CA wild rose Rosaceae Petals pink Shrub prickles like 'cat claws' - compressed at base

*Pteridium aquilinum* western brackenfern Dennstaedtiaceae

*Arundo donax* giant reed grass Poaceae

*Cynodon dactylon* Bermuda grass Poaceae

*Phoradendron leucarpum* oak mistletoe Viscaceae

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Heterotheca sessiliflora* hairy goldenaster Asteraceae decumbent to erect coastal Ray FLs 4-24 - larger than H. grandiflora NO LVS clasping

*Ribes cereum* wax currant Grossulariaceae spicy odor Sepals reflexed Sepals white to pink INFL open 3-7 flowered FR red; glabrous to glaucous; may or not be glandular

*Hordeum murinum* summer barley Poaceae well developed auricles INFL 3-12 cm (gen longer than Med barley) INFL green to glaucous

*Kalmia polifolia* mountain laurel Ericaceae

*Fremontodendron californicum* CA Flannel bush Malvaceae

*Purshia tridentata* bitterbrush Rosaceae

*Datisca glomerata* Durango root Datiscaceae

*Rhododendron occidentale* western azalea Ericaceae

*Erigeron canadensis* Common horseweed Asteraceae

*Layia glandulosa* white layia Asteraceae

*Scrophularia californica* CA bee plant Scrophulariaceae

*Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum* Slenderleaf ice plant Aizoceae

*Ehrendorferia chrysantha* golden eardrops Papaveraceae

*Prosopis glandulosa* honey mesquite Fabaceae

*Juglans californica* Southern CA black walnut FRUIT 2 - 3.5 cm, shell thick shallowly grooved abaxial leaf vein axils WITHOUT hairs Leaflets narrow elliptic

*Sedum spathulifolium* Pacific stonecrop Crassulaceae

*Frankenia salina* alkali heath Frankeniaceae

*Chamaebatia foliolosa* mountain misery Rosaceae

*Lonicera interrupta* Chaparral honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae flowers yelow; berries red

*Baccharis salicifolia* mulefat Asteraceae

*Helianthus annuus* common sunflower Asteraceae

*Prunus virginiana* choke cherry Rosaceae FL 18+ longer petiole than *P. emarginata*

*Melilotus indicus* sourclover Fabaceae LVS sharly dentate corolla yellow

*Cornus sericea* redosier dogwood

*Plantago major* common plantain Plantaganiceae

*Trichostema lanatum* woolly bluecurls Lamiaceae

*Fremontodendron californicum* CA Flannel bush Malvaceae

*Azolla filiculoides* mosquito fern Azollaceae

*Suaeda nigra* bush seepweed Chenopodiaceae leaf blades semi-cylindrical bracts not overlapping ST shiny green-yellow-brown or red INFL Open

*Psorothamnus spinosus* Smoke tree Fabaceae

*Bloomeria crocea* goldenstars Themidaceae perianth parts free at base - no tube

*Pellaea mucronata* birdsfoot cliffbrake Pteridaceae leaves clustered

*Bromus carinatus* CA brome Poaceae

*Polygala cornuta* milkwort Polygalaceae

*Nemophila maculata* five-spot Boraginaceae Corolla white with purple spots on lobe tips

*Urtica dioica* stinging nettle Urticaceae

*Sanicula bipinnitifida* Purple sanicle Apiaceae simple umbels

*Keckiella* spp. beardstongue Plantaginaceae fertile filaments attached to corolla at ONE level

*Cirsium vulgare* bull thistle Asteraceae

*Delphinium parryi* desert larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals oval; surpassing petals INFL raceme more robust at least 1' vs. *D. parishii*

*Avena* spp. oat grass Poaceae

*Artemisia californica* California sagebrush Asteraceae Leaves thread-like

*Hordeum murinum* summer barley Poaceae well developed auricles INFL 3-12 cm (gen longer than Med barley) INFL green to glaucous

*Calycanthus occidentalis* spicebush Calycanthaceae

*Sanicula arguta* So Cal Sanicle APIACEAE umbels simple

*Extriplex californica* CA Orach Chenopodiaceae Coastal

*Schinus terebinthifolius* Brazilian pepper tree Anacardiaceae Distal branches spreading to erect looks similar to Fabaceae LFLTS elliptic to oblong

*Salvia apiana* white sage Lamiaceae Corolla tube - white - lower lip upcurved, blocking throat

*Vaccinium ovatum* evergreen huckleberry Ericaceae

*Elymus triticoides* beardless wildrye Poaceae

*Cordylanthus rigidus* rigid birds beak Orobanchaceae

*Elymus caput-medusae* medusa head Poaceae annual

*Croton californicus* California croton Euphorbiaceae

*Galium andrewsii* phlox-leaved bedstraw Rubiaceae LVS whorls of 4 corolla light yellow

*Astragalus* spp. milkvetch Fabaceae

*Hordeum marinum* Mediterranean barley Poaceae INFL 1.5-7 cm (gen shorter than summer barley) INFL green to purple

*Plantago erecta* CA plantain Plantaganiceae

*Toxicodendron diversilobum* poisonoak Anacardiaceae

*Chenopodium californicum* CA goosefoot Chenopodiaceae LF deltate; base truncate to hastate

*Calandrinia ciliata* redmaids Montiaceae

*Baccharis pilularis* coyote brush Asteraceae

*Stachys* spp. hedge nettle Lamiaceae

*Rosa californica* CA wild rose Rosaceae Petals pink Shrub prickles like 'cat claws' - compressed at base

*Thermopsis californica* CA False-Lupine Fabaceae

*Erodium cicutarium* redstem filaree Geraniaceae Basal leaves pinnately compound

*Plantago lanceolata* English plantain Plantaganiceae

*Cryptantha* spp. forget-me-nots Boraginaceae

*Ribes malvaceum* chaparral currant Sepals pink to purple INFL open 10-25 flowered FR purple glaucous

*Lactuca serriola* prickly lettuce Asteraceae

*Heuchera micrantha* crevice alum root Saxifragaceae

*Ephedra viridis* Mormon-tea Ephedraceae

*Viola purpurea* Goosefoot violet Violaceae

*Lolium multiflorum* Italian rye grass Poaceae

*Solanum xanti* chaparral nightshade Solanaceae plant NOT prickly

*Datisca glomerata* Durango root Datiscaceae

*Lupinus* spp. Lupine Fabaceae

*Corethrogyne filaginifolia* common sandaster

*Silene laciniata* Indian pink Caryophyllaceae

*Agave deserti* desert agave Agavaceae

*Salvia columbariae* chia Lamiaceae corolla pale to ELECTRIC blue; spotted 1-2 flower clusters/stem LVS deeply lobed

*Sambucus nigra* ssp. *caerulea* blue elderberry Adoxaceae FR black glaucous (looks blue) LFLTS 3-9 LFLTS elliptic to ovate INFL flat-topped

*Ipomopsis aggregata* Scarlet gilia Polemoniaceae

*Koeleria macrantha* June grass Poaceae

*Mentzelia laevicaulis* blazing star Loasaceae

*Bloomeria crocea* goldenstars Themidaceae perianth parts free at base - no tube

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae leaf blade auricle clasping

*Delphinium nudicaule* canyon larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals orange-red to red LVS 3-5 lobed

*Cirsium arvense* Canada thistle Asteraceae

*Pterospora andromedea* pinedrops Ericaceae

*Cercocarpus ledifolius* birchleaf mahogany Rosaceae LVS entire

*Centromadia pungens* common spikeweed Asteraceae

*Ficus carica* fig Moraceae

*Senecio vulgaris* common groundsel Asteraceae Leaves lobed

*Robinia pseudoacacia* black locust Fabaceae

*Tauschia* spp. Tauschia Apiaceae compound umbels

*Hirschfeldia incana* summer mustard sepals reflexed/spreading (vs erect to ascending in Brassica)

*Elymus glaucus* blue wild rye Poaceae

*Erigeron canadensis* Common horseweed Asteraceae

*Mentzelia laevicaulis* blazing star Loasaceae

*Cirsium vulgare* bull thistle Asteraceae

*Tauschia* spp. Tauschia Apiaceae compound umbels

*Fremontodendron californicum* CA Flannel bush Malvaceae

*Arctostaphylos* spp. manzanita Ericaceae

*Tribulus terrestris* Puncture vine Zygophyllaceae

*Senagalia greggii* catclaw Fabaceae 2nd order LFLTS 3-6 pair (vs. P. glandulosa)

*Salvia mellifera* black sage Lamiaceae Leaf adaxially glabrous; corolla WHITE to pale blue or lavender LOWER LIP @ 90 degree angle

*Juniperus californicus* CA juniper more of a shrub. seed cones maturing red-brown

*cArtemisia california* California sagebrush Asteraceae Leaves thread-like

*Lilium humboldtii* Humboldt lily Liliaceae LF margin NOT wavy; elliptic Perianth NOT 2-toned

*Pteridium aquilinum* western brackenfern Dennstaedtiaceae

*Eriogonum umbellatum* Munz yellow buckwheat Polygonaceae Perianth yellow

*Camissonia campestris* Mohave suncup Onagraceae FL from distal nodes LVS linear to narrowly linear

*Delphinium cardinale* scarlet larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals red LVS multi-lobed

*Polypodium* spp. Polypody fern Polypodiaceae

*Juglans californica* Southern CA black walnut FRUIT 2 - 3.5 cm, shell thick shallowly grooved abaxial leaf vein axils WITHOUT hairs Leaflets narrow elliptic

*Senecio triangularis* Arrowleaf ragwort Asteraceae LF widely triangular Rays 8

*Verbascum thapsus* wooly mullein Scrophulariaceae

*Cynodon dactylon* Bermuda grass Poaceae

*Solanum douglasii* Douglas nightshade Solanaceae

*Allenrolfea occidentalis* iodine bush Chenopodiaceae

*Silybum marianum* milk thistle Asteraceae

*Nemophila maculata* five-spot Boraginaceae Corolla white with purple spots on lobe tips

*Atriplex semibaccata* Australian saltbush Chenopodiaceae LVS oblong to oblanceolate; white scaly abaxially

*Azolla filiculoides* mosquito fern Azollaceae

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Yucca brevifolia* Joshua tree Agavaceae

*Salsola tragus* Russian thistle Chenopodiaceae

*Polystichum* spp. sword fern Dryopteridaceae

*Baccharis salicifolia* mulefat Asteraceae

*Keckiella* spp. beardstongue Plantaginaceae fertile filaments attached to corolla at ONE level

*Heterotheca grandiflora* telegraph weed Asteraceae erect Ray FLs 25-40 - smaller than H. sessiliflora; proximal cauline LVS clasping

*Sidalcea* spp. Sidalcea Malvaceae

*Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia* beach evening primrose Onagraceae FL from distal nodes FL may have a basal spot LV ovate to obovate

*Holocarpha virgata* common tarweed Asteraceae

Acourtia microcephala Sacapellote Asteraceae one of few pink blooms in sunflower family!

*Ambrosia acanthicarpa* burweed Asteraceae

*Prunus virginiana* choke cherry Rosaceae FL 18+ longer petiole than *P. emarginata*

*Helminthotheca echiodes* bristly ox-tongue 'the' bumpy plant!!!

*Medicago polymorpha* burclover Fabaceae

*Polypogon monspeliensis* rabbitsfoot grass POACEAE

*Bromus hordeaceus* Soft chess Poaceae

*Lilium humboldtii* Humboldt lily Liliaceae LF margin NOT wavy; elliptic Perianth NOT 2-toned

*Epipactis gigantea* stream orchid Orchidaceae

*Fritillaria* spp. Fritillaria Liliaceae

*Silene gallica* windmill pink Caryophyllaceae

*Pennisetum setaceum* African fountain grass Poaceae

*Ephedra viridis* Mormon-tea Ephedraceae

*Holodiscus discolor* oceanspray Rosaceae

*Lythrum hyssopifolia* Hyssop loosestrife Lythraceae

*Polypogon monspeliensis* rabbitsfoot grass POACEAE

*Brickellia californica* CA brickelbush Asteraceae

*Elymus condensatus* giant wildrye Poaceae perennial cespitose INFL branched

*Delphinium parishii* pale-flowered larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals oblong; not surpassing petals Flower raceme not robust (like *D. parryi)*

*Amaranthus* spp. Pigweed or Tumbleweed Amaranthaceae

*Foeniculum vulgare* sweet fennell Apiaceae

*Aesculus californica* CA Buckeye Sapindaceae

*Daucus pusillus* SW Carrot Apiaceae

*Rosa gymnocarpa* wood rose Rosaceae Petals pink to red loose shrub prickles needle-like sepals deciduous in fruit

*Eleocharis macrostachya* common spikerush Cyperaceae larger spikelet than E. parishii

*Gilia ochroleuca* desert Gilia Polemoniaceae LF Cauline palmate Calyx lobes linear INFL not spheric

*Juglans hindsii* Northern CA black walnut FRUIT 3.5-5 cm, shell smooth to shallowly grooved abaxial leaf vein axils with hairs Leaflets narrow triangular to lanceolate

*Castilleja miniata* great red paintbrush Orobanchaceae

*Hirschfeldia incana* summer mustard sepals acsending to reflexed (vs erect in Brassica)

*Galium aparine* sticky bedstraw Rubiaceae LVS whorls of 6 corolla white

*Melilotus indicus* sourclover Fabaceae LVS sharly dentate corolla yellow

*Eriogonum umbellatum* Munz yellow buckwheat Polygonaceae Perianth yellow

*Corethrogyne filaginifolia* common sandaster

*Helminthotheca echioides* bristly ox-tongue Asteraceae LVS 'bumpy'

*Gilia capitata* ssp. *abrotanifolia* blue field Gilia Polemoniaceae corolla pale blue-white calyx hairy; lobes acute to acuminate INFL head terminal/spheric - 25-50 FL LVS cauline finger-like

*Heterotheca sessiliflora* hairy goldenaster Asteraceae decumbent to erect coastal Ray FLs 4-24 - larger than H. grandiflora NO LVS clasping

*Leptosiphon parviflorus* Yellow linanthus Polemoniaceae Corolla maroon, pink, white, yellow

*Salvia mellifera* black sage Lamiaceae Leaf adaxially glabrous; corolla WHITE to pale blue or lavender LOWER LIP @ 90 degree angle

*Datura wrightii* Jimson weed Solanaceae

*Eleocharis macrostachya* common spikerush Cyperaceae larger spikelet than E. parishii

*Cornus nuttallii* pacific dogwood CORNACEAE

*Opuntia littoralis* coast prickly pear Cactaceae FL yellow

*Cakile maritima* sea rocket Brassicaceae

*Platanthera dilatata* bog orchid Orchidaceae

Lepidospartum squamatum scalebroom

*Ambrosia chamissonis* beach bur Asteraceae coastal mat forming

*Datura wrightii* Jimson weed Solanaceae

*Eriogonum elongatum* long-stemmed buckwheat Polygonaceae involucre 1/node in raceme-like arrangement

*Helminthotheca echioides* bristly ox-tongue Asteraceae LVS 'bumpy'

*Pogogyne* spp. Pogogyne Lamiaceae

*Eschscholzia californica* CA poppy Papaveraceae

Chlorogalum pomeridianum soap plant Agavaceae

*Gilia ochroleuca* desert Gilia Polemoniaceae LF Cauline palmate Calyx lobes linear INFL not spheric

*Pellaea andromedifolia* coffee fern Pteridaceae leaves NOT clustered

*Prunus ilicifolia* hollyleaf cherry Rosaceae Evergreen LVS spiny-serrate

*Delphinium nudicaule* canyon larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals orange-red to red LVS 3-5 lobed

*Briza* spp. Rattlesnake grass Poaceae

*Dendromecon rigida* bush poppy Papaveraceae

*Calochortus* spp. Mariposa lily Liliaceae

*Bromus madritensis* ssp. *rubens* red brome Poaceae

*Ehrendorferia chrysantha* golden eardrops Papaveraceae

*Rhus integrifolia* lemonade berry Anacardiaceae

*Erodium cicutarium* redstem filaree Geraniaceae Basal leaves pinnately compound

*Juncus mexicanus* Mexican rush INFL appearing lateral rhizome heavy ST can be wavy

*Sambucus racemosa* red elderberry Adoxaceae FR red LFLTS 5-7 LFLTS lanceolate to oblong INFL dome-topped - pyramidal

*Calyptridium monandrum* Sand-cress Montiaceae FL NOT Showy

*Ficus carica* fig Moraceae

*Gilia tricolor* bird's eye Gilia FL throat with purple spots below lobes INFL not spheric

*Ammophila arenaria* European beach grass Poaceae

*Matricaria discoidea* pineapple weed Asteraceae

*Eleocharis parishii* Parish's spikerush Cyperaceae smaller spikelet than E. macrostachya

*Carpobrotus* spp. ice plant Aizoaceae

*Rhus integrifolia* lemonade berry Anacardiaceae

*Corethrogyne filaginifolia* common sandaster

*Atriplex canescens* hoary saltbush Chenopodiaceae Shrub LVS linear to oblanceolate; densely white scaly

*Apium graveolens* celery Apiaceae leaves NOT pinnately dissected (like *Apiastrum*)

*Triphysaria eriantha* Johnny tuck Plantaginaceae

*Morella californica* wax myrtle Myricaceae

*Gaultheria shallon* Salal Ericaceae

*Lysimachia arvensis* scarlet pimpernel Myrsinaceae

*Delphinium nudicaule* canyon larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals orange-red to red LVS 3-5 lobed

*Holocarpha virgata* common tarweed Asteraceae

*Chenopodium album* lamb's quarters Chenopodiaceae LF Diamond shaped

*Aegilops* spp. goatgrass Poaceae

*Poa bulbosa* bulbous blue grass Poaceae densely cespitose ST base bulbous

*Veronica peregrina* ssp. *xalapensis* purslane speedwell Plantaginaceae

*Astragalus* spp. milkvetch Fabaceae

*Eschscholzia californica* CA poppy Papaveraceae

*Artemisia californica* California sagebrush Asteraceae Leaves thread-like

*Adenostoma fasciculatum* chamise Rosaceae

*Calochortus* spp. Mariposa lily Liliaceae

*Pentagramma triangularis* gold-back fern Pteridaceae

*Ambrosia acanthicarpa* burweed Asteraceae

*Prunus emarginata* bitter cherry Rosaceae FL 3-12 shorter petiole than P. virginiana

*Silybum marianum* milk thistle Asteraceae

*Cryptantha* spp. forget-me-nots Boraginaceae

*Linaria dalmatica* Dalmatian toadflax Linaceae

*Crassula connata* pygmy sandweed Crassulaceae

*Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea* blue elderberry Adoxaceae FR black glaucous (looks blue) LFLTS 3-9 LFLTS elliptic to ovate INFL flat-topped

*Pickeringia montana* chaparral pea Fabaceae

*Brassica nigra* mustard sepals erect (vs ascending or reflexed in Hirschfeldia)

*Barbarea orthoceras* American rocket Brassicaceae

*Deinandra fasciculata* fasciculated tarplant Asteraceae bracts subtending head overlapping

*Conium maculatum* poisonhemlock Apiaceae

*Juncus mexicanus* Mexican rush INFL appearing lateral rhizome heavy ST can be wavy

*Pedicularis densiflora* indian warrior Orobanchaceae

*Salsola tragus* Russian thistle Chenopodiaceae

*Verbascum thapsus* wooly mullein Scrophulariaceae

*Gnaphalium palustre* lowland cudweed Asteraceae wet areas decumbent phyllaries = brown

*Pellaea andromedifolia* coffee fern Pteridaceae leaves NOT clustered

*Aegilops* spp. goatgrass Poaceae

*Vaccinium ovatum* evergreen huckleberry Ericaceae

*Trichostema lanatum* woolly bluecurls Lamiaceae

*Chlorogalum pomeridianum* wavy-leaved soap plant Agavaceae

*Eriophyllum confertiflorum* golden yarrow Asteraceae Ray FL 2-5 mm LF rolled under; linear to ovate LVS glabrous adaxially

*Pellaea mucronata* birdsfoot cliffbrake Pteridaceae leaves clustered

*Lactuca serriola* prickly lettuce Asteraceae

*Ephedra viridis* Mormon-tea Ephedraceae

*Rhododendron macrophyllum* bigleaf maple Ericaceae

*Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum* Slenderleaf ice plant Aizoceae

*Bromus carinatus* CA brome Poaceae spikelet strongly flattened

*Ceanothus* spp. Ceanothus Rhamnaceae only member of family with SHOWY flowers

*Stipa hymenoides* Indian ricegrass Poaceae

*Pseudognaphalium californicum* green everlasting Asteraceae LF faces generally green Phyllaries white to pink

*Koeleria macrantha* June grass Poaceae

*Platanus racemosa* CA sycamore Platanaceae

*Tsuga mertensiana* mountain hemlock Pinaceae

*Eucalyptus globulus* blue gum Myrtaceae perianth \<2 cm LVs sickle shaped (narrowly lanceolate) FR warty, 4-ribbed

*Melilotus alba* white sweetclover Fabaceae LVS slightly toothed corolla WHITE

*Yucca brevifolia* Joshua tree Agavaceae

*Dryopteris arguta* coastal wood fern Dryopteridaceae

*Notholithocarpus densiflorus* tanoak Fagaceae

*Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum* slenderleaf iceplant

*Minuartia douglasii* Douglas sandwort

*Ambrosia chamissonis* beach bur Asteraceae coastal mat forming; prostrate

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Malosma laurina* Laurel sumac Anacardiaceae

*Melica imperfecta* Coast Melic grass Poaceae spikelet 3-7 mm (shorter than M. californica) INFL branches appressed to spreading

*Medicago polymorpha* burclover Fabaceae

*Vitis californica* California wild grape Vitaceae

*Malacothrix coulteri* snakeheads Asteraceae

*Ambrosia psilostachya* var. *californica* western ragweed Asteraceae Leaves tend to be most glabrous of all *Ambrosias*

*Fritillaria* spp. Fritillaria Liliaceae

*Equisetum arvense* horsetail Equisetaceae

*Rosa californica* CA wild rose Rosaceae Petals pink Shrub prickles like 'cat claws' - compressed at base

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish) leaf flat or rolled

*Marah fabaceae* CA manroot Cucurbitaceae

*Rubus spectablis* Salmonberry Rosaceae

*Achyrachaena mollis* Blow wives Asteraceae

*Spartium junceum* Spanish broom Fabaceae

*Elymus elymoides* squirrel tail Poaceae perennial cespitose can be glaucous

*Eriogonum elongatum* long-stemmed buckwheat Polygonaceae involucre 1/node in raceme-like arrangement

*Lonicera subspicata* Southern honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae Flowers cream; berries pale red

*Oxalis pes-caprae* Bermuda buttercup Oxalidaceae

*Schinus molle* Peruvian pepper tree Anacardiaceae Distal branches drooping looks similar to Fabaceae LFLTS lanceolate

*Diplacus longiflorus* Sticky bush monkeyflower Phrymaceae FL 2/node LVS serrate

*Senecio flaccidus var. douglasii* Shrub ragwort Asteraceae Leaves thread-like SHRUB Rays 8, 13 or 21

*Orobanche fasciculata* clustered broomrape Orobanchaceae

*Senecio aronicoides* butterweed Asteraceae LF ovate to elliptic

*Gaultheria shallon* Salal Ericaceae

*Delphinium parishii* pale-flowered larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals oblong; not surpassing petals Flower raceme not robust (like *D. parryi*)

*Larrea tridentata* creosote bush Zygophyllaceae

*Hypericum perforatum* Klamathweed Hypericaceae

*Adiantum aleuticum* Five-fingered fern Pteridaceae

*Delphinium parryi* desert larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals oval; surpassing petals INFL raceme more robust than *D. parishii*, to 1' long

*Verbascum thapsus* wooly mullein Scrophulariaceae

*Clematis lasiantha* pipestem clematis Ranunculaceae LFLTS 3-5 50-100 stamens

*Stipa miliacea* smilo grass Poaceae

*Epilobium ciliatum* slender willowherb Onagraceae

*Pseudognaphalium bioletti* bi-colored everlasting Asteraceae Opposing LF faces contrasting in color Sharply scented Phyllaries white to pink

*Pteridium aquilinum* western brackenfern Dennstaedtiaceae

*Ribes nevadense* Sierra currant Grossulariaceae Sepals pink to red INFL dense 8-20 flowered FR blue-black glaucous

*Eriogonum parvifolium* dune buckwheat Polygonaceae LVS glabrous adaxially & tomentose abaxially

*Poa pratensis* Kentucky blue grass Poaceae loosely to densely tufted

*Agoseris retrorsa* Spear-leaved mountain dandelion Asteraceae

*Hordeum murinum* summer barley Poaceae well developed auricles INFL 3-12 cm (gen longer than Med barley) INFL green to glaucous

*Heracleum maximum* cow parsnip Apiaceae

*Torilis arvensis* hedge parsley Apiaceae

*Salvia columbariae* chia Lamiaceae corolla pale to ELECTRIC blue; spotted leaves deeply lobed 1-2 flower clusters/stem

*Castilleja applegatei* wavyleaf paintbrush Orobanchaceae LVS wavy FL bright red

*Salvia leucocyphylla* purple sage Lamiaceae corolla tube rose-lavender ZERO lower lip

*Opuntia basilaris* beavertail cactus Cactaceae FL magenta

*Salsola tragus* Russian thistle Chenopodiaceae

*Rumex acetosella* sheep sorrell Polygonaceae

*Festuca rubra* Red fescue Poaceae leaf sheath closed and reddish

*Aconitum columbianum* monkshood Ranunculaceae

*Lathyrus sulphureus* snup pea Fabaceae INFL 1-sided Banner reflexed above middle FL white-yellow to bronze-orange

*Agave deserti* desert agave Agavaceae

*Pseudognaphalium microcephalum* Wright's cudweed Asteraceae Phyllaries white LVS VERY Felty; almost white LVS gradually smaller, distally

*Lysimachia arvensis* scarlet pimpernel Myrsinaceae

*Calandrinia ciliata* redmaids Montiaceae

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae leaf blade auricle clasping

*Ribes roezlii* Sierra gooseberry Grossulariaceae

*Sonchus asper* Prickly sow thistle Asteraceae Spined margins of leaves more pronounced than *S. oleraceus*

*Salvia leucocyphylla* purple sage Lamiaceae corolla tube rose-lavender ZERO lower lip

*Acacia dealbata* silver wattle Fabaceae

*Bromus carinatus* CA brome Poaceae spikelet strongly flattened

*Pogogyne* spp. Pogogyne Lamiaceae

*Epilobium ciliatum* slender willowherb Onagraceae

*Madia elegans* common madia Asteraceae

*Lythrum salicaria* purple loosestrife Lythraceae

*Garrya* spp. silktassel Garryaceae

*Achyrachaena mollis* Blow wives Asteraceae

*Ricinus communis* castor bean Euphorbiaceae

*Lathyrus vestitus* Pacific peavine Fabaceae banner reflexed at 90 degrees

*Ericameria linearifolia* interior rabbitbrush Asteraceae RAY Flowers 12-18 (vs. *E. bloomeri*) stem resinous

*Sambucus racemosa* red elderberry Adoxaceae FR red LFLTS 5-7 LFLTS lanceolate to oblong INFL dome-topped - pyramidal

*Delphinium parishii* pale-flowered larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals oblong; not surpassing petals Flower raceme not robust (like *D. parryi*)

*Delphinium parishii* pale-flowered larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals very light blue to blue

*Veratrum californicum* CA false hellebore Melanthiaceae

*Delphinium parryi* desert larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals oval; surpassing petals INFL raceme more robust vs. *D. parishii*, about 1'

*Ericameria linearifolia* interior rabbitbrush Asteraceae RAY Flowers 12-18 (vs. *E. bloomeri*) stem resinous

*Pseudognaphalium bioletti* bi-colored everlasting Asteraceae Opposing LF faces contrasting in color Sharply scented Phyllaries white to pink

*Solanum elaeagnifolium* silverleaf nightshade Solanaceae Plant prickly

*Lepidospartum squamatum* scalebroom

*Baccharis salicifolia* mulefat Asteraceae

*Rubus parviflorus* Thimble berry Rosaceae

*Poa bulbosa* bulbous blue grass Poaceae densely cespitose ST base bulbous

*Heterotheca grandiflora* telegraph weed Asteraceae erect Ray FLs 25-40 - smaller than H. sessiliflora; proximal cauline LVS clasping

*Euphorbia* spp. Spurge Euphorbiaceae

*Aspidotis densa* lace fern Pteridaceae

*Veronica anagallis-aquatica* water speedwell Plantaginaceae

*Triphysaria eriantha* Johnny tuck Plantaginaceae

*Cirsium arvense* Canada thistle Asteraceae

*Erodium cicutarium* redstem filaree Geraniaceae Basal leaves pinnately compound

*Dicentra formosa* bleeding heart Papaveraceae

*Equisetum arvense* horsetail Equisetaceae

Kalmia polifolia mountain laurel Ericaceae

*Senagalia greggii* catclaw Fabaceae 2nd order LFLTS 3-6 pair (vs. *P. glandulosa*)

*Castilleja exserta* purple owl clover Orobanchaceae FL white, lavender or purple

*Gilia ochroleuca* desert Gilia Polemoniaceae LF Cauline palmate Calyx lobes linear INFL not spheric

*Camissoniopsis hirtella* hairy sun cuup Onagraceae FL from distal nodes 0 basal spot Glandular FL much smaller than C. cheiranthifolia

*Ribes nevadense* Sierra currant Grossulariaceae Sepals pink to red INFL dense 8-20 flowered FR blue-black glaucous

*Eriophyllum confertiflorum* golden yarrow Asteraceae Ray FL 2-5 mm LF rolled under; obovate LVS glabrous adaxially

*Sanicula crassicaulus* Pacific snakeroot Apiaceae simple umbels

*Clematis ligusticifolia* Virgin's bower Ranunculaceae LFLTS 5-15 25-50 stamens

*Eriogonum nudum* barestem buckwheat Polygonaceae LVS basal

*Malacothrix coulteri* snakeheads Asteraceae

*Juncus xiphiodes* iris-leaved rush LF blade looks like iris

*Rhododendron columbianum* western labrador tea Ericaceae

*Deinandra fasciculata* fasciculated tarplant Asteraceae bracts subtending head overlapping

*Claytonia parviflora* small-flowered miners lettuce MONTIACEAE Basal LVS \>3x longer than wide; bases tapered to petiole

*Chenopodium californicum* CA goosefoot Chenopodiaceae LF deltate; base truncate to hastate

*Thermopsis californica* CA False-Lupine Fabaceae

*Dudleya pulverulenta* chalky live-forever Crassulaceae

*Salvia leucocyphylla* purple sage Lamiaceae corolla tube rose-lavender ZERO lower lip

*Ambrosia salsola* Burrobrush Asteraceae Leaves linear

*Tauschia* spp. Tauschia Apiaceae compound umbels

*Rhamnus crocea* spiny redberry Rhamnaceae LF elliptic to obovate veins not prominent

*Tribulus terrestris* Puncture vine Zygophyllaceae

*Rubus ursinus* Pacific blackberry Rosaceae

*Daucus pusillus* SW Carrot Apiaceae

*Agoseris retrorsa* Spear-leaved mountain dandelion Asteraceae

*Juncus mexicanus* Mexican rush INFL appearing lateral rhizome heavy ST can be wavy

*Lonicera subspicata* Southern honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae Flowers cream; berries pale red

*Plantago erecta* CA plantain Plantaganiceae

*Claytonia parviflora* small-flowered miners lettuce MONTIACEAE Basal LVS \>3x longer than wide; bases tapered to petiole

*Matricaria discoidea* pineapple weed Asteraceae

*Bromus hordeaceus* Soft chess Poaceae

*Salvia sonomensis* Sonoma sage Lamiaceae corolla blue to lilac stamens appearing very long lower lip HORIZONTAL

*Achillea millefolium* yarrow Asteraceae

*Holocarpha virgata* common tarweed Asteraceae

*Iris pseudocorus* horticultural iris Iridaceae stigma rounded Perianth bright yellow

*Polystichum* spp. sword fern Dryopteridaceae

*Tribulus terrestris* Puncture vine Zygophyllaceae

*Lupinus* spp. Lupine Fabaceae

*Malosma laurina* laurelleaf sumac

*Festuca idahoensis* Blue fescue Poaceae leaf blade glaucous leaf rolled

*Toxicodendron diversilobum* poisonoak Anacardiaceae

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum* Jersey cudweed Asteraceae Phyllaries silver gray to yellow to brown LVS heavily tomentose; silvery

*Lolium multiflorum* Italian rye grass Poaceae

*Plantago major* common plantain Plantaganiceae

*Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum* Slenderleaf ice plant Aizoceae

*Ipomopsis aggregata* Scarlet gilia Polemoniaceae

*Delphinium cardinale* scarlet larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals red LVS multi-lobed

*Ambrosia psilostachya* var. *californica* western ragweed Asteraceae Leaves tend to be more glabrous

*Chlorogalum pomeridianum* wavy-leaved soap plant Agavaceae

*Pseudognaphalium microcephalum* Wright's cudweed Asteraceae Phyllaries white LVS VERY Felty; almost white LVS gradually smaller, distally

*Limnanthes alba* white meadowfoam Limnanthaceae

*Senecio aronicoides* butterweed Asteraceae LF ovate to elliptic

*Ribes roezlii* Sierra gooseberry Grossulariaceae

*Ephedra viridis* Mormon-tea Ephedraceae

*Cytisus scoparius* Scotch broom Fabaceae

*Atriplex canescens* hoary saltbush Chenopodiaceae LVS linear to oblanceolate; densely white scaly

*Deinandra fasciculata* fasciculated tarplant Asteraceae bracts subtending head overlapping

*Lomatium dasycarpum* mock parsley Apiaceae

*Bromus diandrus* ripgut grass Poaceae

*Vicia sativa* common vetch LFLTS 8-14; tips acute/truncate/notched INFL not crowded; 1-3 Flowers

*Rubus armeniacus* Himalayan berry Rosaceae

*Tamarix* spp. Tamarix Tamaricaceae

*Festuca perennis* Italian rye Poaceae

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Cercis occidentalis* western redbud Fabaceae

*Wyethia* spp. mule ears Asteraceae

*Blennosperma nanum* common stickyseed LVS alternate (vs OPP in Lasthenia spp)

*Barbarea orthoceras* American rocket Brassicaceae

*Lolium multiflorum* Italian rye grass Poaceae

*Dichelostemma capitatum* blue dicks Themidaceae curved scape 6 stamens (only Dichelostemma with 6)

*Rhododendron columbianum* western labrador tea Ericaceae

*Cercocarpus ledifolius* birchleaf mahogany Rosaceae LVS entire

*Ambrosia acanthicarpa* burweed Asteraceae canescent-STRIGOSE

*Elymus triticoides* beardless wildrye Poaceae

*Dittrichia graveolens* stinkwort Asteraceae

*Diplacus calycinus* Fuzzy bush monkeyflower Phrymaceae FL 2/node LVS serrate and narrowly elliptic Corolla pale cream to pale yellow

*Eucalyptus camaldulensis* red river gum Myrtaceae perianth \<3 mm FR not warty LVs lanceolate

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae leaf blade auricle clasping

*Marrubium vulgare* horehound Lamiaceae

*Trichostema lanatum* woolly bluecurls Lamiaceae

*Melica californica* CA Melic grass Poaceae spikelet 5-15 mm (longer than M. imperfecta) INFL branches appressed

*Dichelostemma capitatum* blue dicks Themidaceae curved scape 6 stamens (only Dichelostemma with 6)

*Hesperoyucca whipplei* Our Lord's Candle Agavaceae

*Centromadia pungens* common spikeweed Asteraceae

*Lolium multiflorum* Italian rye grass Poaceae

*Platanthera dilatata* bog orchid Orchidaceae

*Linaria dalmatica* Dalmatian toadflax Linaceae

*Dendromecon rigida* bush poppy Papaveraceae

*Polypodium* spp. Polypody fern Polypodiaceae

*Acmispon* spp. lotus Fabaceae

*Erigeron foliosis* leafy fleabane daisy Asteraceae

*Artemisia douglasiana* mugwort Asteraceae Leaves 3-5 lobed

*Aesculus californica* CA Buckeye Sapindaceae

*Cynara cardunculus* Artichoke thistle Asteraceae

*Typha* spp. Typha Typhaceae

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Spartium junceum* Spanish broom Fabaceae

*Layia glandulosa* white layia Asteraceae

*Erodium botrys* broadleaf filaree Geraniaceae Basal leaves deeply lobed

*Croton setiger* turkey-mullein Euphorbiaceae

*Prunus virginiana* choke cherry Rosaceae FL 18+ longer petiole than *P. emarginata*

*Gaultheria shallon* Salal Ericaceae

*Solanum douglasii* Douglas nightshade Solanaceae

*Verbena lasiostachys* western verbena Verbenaceae

*Silene gallica* windmill pink Caryophyllaceae

*Pseudognaphalium stramineum* Cottonbatting plant Asteraceae Phyllaries white to yellow

*Kalmia polifolia* mountain laurel Ericaceae

*Castilleja applegatei* wavyleaf paintbrush Orobanchaceae LVS wavy FL bright red

*Rubus ursinus* Pacific blackberry Rosaceae

*Pseudognaphalium stramineum* Cottonbatting plant Asteraceae Phyllaries white to yellow

*Calyptridium monandrum* Sand-cress Montiaceae FL NOT Showy

*Fraxinus latifolia* OR Ash Oleaceae 0 petals Leaflets 5-7; entire OR serrate

*Aegilops* spp. goatgrass Poaceae

*Pedicularis densiflorus* Indian warrior Orobanchaceae

*Tsuga mertensiana* mountain hemlock Pinaceae

*Juniperus occidentalis* western juniper tree seed cones maturing blue-black

*Alnus rhombifolia* white alder Betulaceae

*Ricinus communis* castor bean Euphorbiaceae

Hazardia squarrosa sawtooth goldenbush

*Euthamia occidentalis* Western goldenrod Asteraceae

*Poa secunda* one-sided blue grass Poaceae densely tufted INFL appressed (spreading only in FL)

*Torilis arvensis* hedge parsley Apiaceae

*Fraxinus latifolia* OR Ash Oleaceae 0 petals Leaflets 5-7; entire OR serrate

*Suaeda taxifolia* woolly seablite Chenopodiaceae leaf blades semi-cylindrical bracts overlapping ST dull gray brown INFL clustered

*Eriogonum fasciculatum* CA buckwheat Polygonaceae LF margin rolled under LF linear

*Robinia pseudoacacia* black locust Fabaceae

*Deinandra fasciculata* fasciculated tarplant Asteraceae bracts subtending head overlapping

*Hedera* spp. Ivy Araliaceae

*Platanus racemosa* CA sycamore Platanaceae

*Cytisus scoparius* Scotch broom Fabaceae

*Phoradendron leucarpum* oak mistletoe Viscaceae

*Carduus pycnocephalus* Italian thistle Asteraceae

*Suaeda nigra* bush seepweed Chenopodiaceae leaf blades semi-cylindrical bracts not overlapping ST shiny green-yellow-brown or red INFL Open

*Washingtonia robusta* Mexican fan palm Arecaceae

*Cynoglossum grande* houndstongue Boraginaceae

*Pseudognaphalium stramineum* Cottonbatting plant Asteraceae Phyllaries white to yellow

*Erigeron canadensis* Common horseweed Asteraceae

*Fraxinus latifolia* OR Ash Oleaceae 0 petals Leaflets 5-7; entire OR serrate

*Bromus carinatus* CA brome Poaceae

*Purshia tridentata* bitterbrush Rosaceae

*Nemophila menziesii* baby blue eyes Boraginaceae Corolla white to blue

*Chamerion angustifolium* fireweed Onagraceae

*Leptosyne bigelovii* Bigelow coreopsis

*Epilobium canum* CA fuschia Onagraceae

*Brassica nigra* black mustard Brassicaceae

*Poa pratensis* Kentucky blue grass Poaceae loosely to densely tufted

*Hedera spp* ivy Araliaceae

*Poa secunda* one-sided blue grass Poaceae densely tufted INFL appressed (spreading only in FL)

*Penstemon centranthifolius* Scarlet bugler Plantaginaceae corolla red

*Acacia dealbata* silver wattle Fabaceae

*Linaria dalmatica* Dalmatian toadflax Linaceae

*Daucus pusillus* rattlesnake weed Apiaceae

*Prunella vulgaris* self heal Lamiaceae

*Bromus diandrus* ripgut grass Poaceae

*Washingtonia robusta* Mexican fan palm Arecaceae

*Extriplex californica* CA Orach Chenopodiaceae Coastal

*Elymus elymoides* squirrel tail Poaceae perennial cespitose can be glaucous

*Hedera* spp. Ivy Araliaceae

*Pellaea mucronata* birdsfoot cliffbrake Pteridaceae leaves clustered

*Epilobium canum* CA fuschia Onagraceae

*Rhododendron occidentale* western azalea Ericaceae

*Eriogonum elongatum* long-stemmed buckwheat Polygonaceae involucre 1/node in raceme-like arrangement

*Oemleria cerasiformis* Indian plum Rosaceae

*Rumex crispus* curly dock Polygonaceae

*Maianthemum racemosum* false Salomon seal Ruscaceae

*Bromus diandrus* ripgut grass Poaceae

*Amaranthus* spp. Pigweed or Tumbleweed Amaranthaceae

*Lathyrus vestitus* Pacific peavine Fabaceae banner reflexed at 90 degrees

*Sedum spathulifolium* Pacific stonecrop Crassulaceae

*Claytonia parviflora* small-flowered miners lettuce MONTIACEAE Basal LVS \>3x longer than wide; bases tapered to petiole

*Ambrosia acanthicarpa* burweed Asteraceae canesecent-STRIGOSE

*Delphinium cardinale* scarlet larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals red LVS multi-lobed

*Trifolium* spp. clover Fabaceae

*Lepidospartum squamatum* scalebroom

*Achillea millefolium* yarrow Asteraceae

*Castilleja affinis* Indian paintbrush Orobanchaceae FL red or yellow

*Anemopsis californica* yerba mansa Sauruceae

*Triteleia laxa* Ithuriel's spear Themidaceae

*Euphorbia albomarginata* rattlesnake spurge Euphorbiaceae

*Maianthemum racemosum* false Salomon seal Ruscaceae

*Poa pratensis* Kentucky blue grass Poaceae loosely to densely tufted

*Arceuthobium campylopodum* pine dwarf mistletoe Viscaceae

*Cephalanthus occidentalis* Button willow Rubiaceae

*Opuntia basilaris* beavertail cactus Cactaceae FL magenta

*Koeleria macrantha* June grass Poaceae

*Distichlis spicata* salt grass Poaceae

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Lasthenia spp.* goldfields LVS opp (vs ALT in Blennosperma)

*Acmispon* spp. lotus Fabaceae

*Silybum marianum* milk thistle Asteraceae

*Nasturtium officinale* water cress

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue Poaceae leaf blade auricle clasping

*Dittrichia graveolens* stinkwort Asteraceae

*Solanum elaeagnifolium* silverleaf nightshade Solanaceae Plant prickly

*Delphinium cardinale* scarlet larkspur Ranunculaceae Sepals red LVS multi-lobed

*Barbarea orthoceras* American rocket Brassicaceae

*Cucurbita foetidissima* calabazilla Cucurbitaceae

*Erigeron canadensis* Common horseweed Asteraceae

*Ribes cereum* wax currant Grossulariaceae spicy odor Sepals reflexed Sepals white to pink INFL open 3-7 flowered FR red; glabrous to glaucous; may or not be glandular

*Ambrosia psilostachya* var. *californica* western ragweed Asteraceae leaves more glabrous than other *Ambrosias*

*Vaccinium parvifolium* red huckleberry Ericaceae

*Cirsium arvense* Canada thistle Asteraceae

*Euphorbia albomarginata* rattlesnake spurge Euphorbiaceae

*Genista monspessulana* French broom Fabaceae

*Eschscholzia californica* CA poppy Papaveraceae

*Aspidotis densa* lace fern Pteridaceae

*Rhamnus ilicifolia* Hollyleaf redberry Rhamnaceae LF ovate to round veins may be prominent

*Yucca brevifolia* Joshua tree Agavaceae

*Corethrogyne filaginifolia* common sandaster

*Lilium pardalinum* Leopard lily Liliaceae LF margin NOT wavy; elliptic Perianth 2-toned

*Juglans hindsii* Northern CA black walnut FRUIT 3.5-5 cm, shell smooth to shallowly grooved abaxial leaf vein axils with hairs Leaflets narrow triangular to lanceolate

*Oxalis oregana* redwood sorrell Oxalidaceae

*Clematis ligusticifolia* Virgin's bower Ranunculaceae LFLTS 5-15 25-50 stamens

*Centaurea melitensis* Tocalote Asteraceae Spines purple tipped

*Claytonia perfoliata* miners lettuce MONTIACEAE Basal LVS \<3x longer than wide; bases tapered abruptly or truncate

*Ambrosia salsola* Burrobrush Asteraceae

*Rubus spectablis* Salmonberry Rosaceae

*Notholithocarpus densiflorus* tanoak Fagaceae

*Purshia tridentata* bitterbrush Rosaceae

*Allenrolfea occidentalis* iodine bush Chenopodiaceae

*Eriodictyon crassifolium* thick-leaved yerba santa Boraginaceae leafs tomentose

*Corallorhiza maculata* spotted coralroot Orchidaceae

*Melica californica* CA Melic grass Poaceae spikelet 5-15 mm (longer than M. imperfecta) INFL branches appressed

*Castilleja subinclusa* long-leaved paintbrush Orobanchaceae FL red (maybe yellow) Beak protruded Yellow

*Hordeum marinum* Mediterranean barley Poaceae INFL 1.5-7 cm (gen shorter than summer barley) INFL green to purple

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Lomatium dasycarpum* hog fennell Apiaceae corolla white-green (may look pale yellow)

*Isocoma menziesii* coastal goldenbush Asteraceae

*Spartium junceum* Spanish broom Fabaceae

*Lonicera involucrata* Twinberry honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae Flowers orange-yellow; berries almost black

*Centaurea solstitialis* yellow starthistle Asteraceae Spines pale yellow tipped

*Peritoma arborea* bladderpod

*Platanthera dilatata* bog orchid Orchidaceae

*Cephalanthus occidentalis* Button willow Rubiaceae

*Helenium bigelovii* sneezeweed Asteraceae

*Madia elegans* common madia Asteraceae

*Eriodictyon californicum* Yerba santa Boraginaceae twigs glab to sparsely hairy

*Baccharis pilularis* coyote brush Asteraceae

*Senecio aronicoides* butterweed Asteraceae LF ovate to elliptic

*Sanicula arguta* So Cal Sanicle APIACEAE simple umbels

*Lupinus spp.* Lupine Fabaceae

*Ericameria nauseosa* rubber rabbitbrush Asteraceae heads DISCOID strongly scented

*Sanicula arguta* So Cal Sanicle APIACEAE simple umbels

*Sidalcea* spp. Sidalcea Malvaceae

*Hedera* spp. Ivy Araliaceae

*Rubus parviflorus* Thimble berry Rosaceae

*Agoseris retrorsa* spear-leaved mountain dandelion

*Matricaria discoidea* pineapple weed Asteraceae

*Maianthemum racemosum* false Salomon seal Ruscaceae

*Oxalis oregana* redwood sorrell Oxalidaceae

*Anemopsis californica* yerba mansa Sauruceae

*Elymus caput-medusae* medusa head Poaceae annual

*Stipa hymenoides* Indian ricegrass Poaceae

*Malacothrix saxatilis* tenuated cliff-aster Asteraceae

*Brickellia californica* CA brickelbush Asteraceae

*Galium andrewsii* phlox-leaved bedstraw Rubiaceae LVS whorls of 4 corolla light yellow

*Pentagramma triangularis* gold-back fern Pteridaceae

*Acacia dealbata* silver wattle Fabaceae

*Sambucus racemosa* red elderberry Adoxaceae FR red LFLTS 5-7 LFLTS lanceolate to oblong INFL dome-topped - pyramidal

*Viola purpurea* Goosefoot violet Violaceae

*Suaeda taxifolia* woolly seablite Chenopodiaceae leaf blades semi-cylindrical bracts overlapping ST dull gray brown INFL clustered

*Heteromeles arbutifolia* Toyon Rosaceae

*Prunus emarginata* bitter cherry Rosaceae FL 3-12 shorter petiole than P. virginiana

*Festuca arundinaceae* tall fescue

*Eriodictyon californicum* Yerba santa Boraginaceae twigs glab to sparsely hairy

*Cirsium arvense* Canada thistle Asteraceae

*Festuca californica* CA fescue Poaceae leaf blade GREEN (vs. bluish)

*Juncus balticus* Baltic rush INFL looks lateral ST cylindrical Rhizome scaly and long

*Cucurbita foetidissima* calabazilla Cucurbitaceae

*Camissonia campestris* Mohave suncup Onagraceae FL from distal nodes LVS linear to narrowly linear

*Silene gallica* windmill pink Caryophyllaceae

*Erythranthe guttata* Seep monkey flower Phrymaceae

*Xanthium* spp. cocklebur Asteraceae

*Elymus condensatus* giant wildrye Poaceae perennial cespitose INFL branched

*Oemleria cerasiformis* Indian plum Rosaceae

*Malacothrix coulteri* snakeheads Asteraceae

*Juncus bufonius* toad rush Annual tiny \<10 cm

*Prunella vulgaris* self heal Lamiaceae

*Rhamnus ilicifolia* Hollyleaf redberry Rhamnaceae LF ovate to round veins may be prominent

*Ipomopsis aggregata* Scarlet gilia Polemoniaceae

*Eriophyllum confertiflorum* golden yarrow Asteraceae Ray FL 2-5 mm LF rolled under; obovate LVS glabrous adaxially

*Wyethia* spp. mule ears Asteraceae

*Alnus rhombifolia* white alder Betulaceae

*Salvia columbariae* chia Lamiaceae corolla pale to ELECTRIC blue 1-2 flower clusters/stem LVS deeply lobed

*Darlingtonia californica* CA pitcher plant Sarraceniaceae

*Erodium botrys* broadleaf filaree Geraniaceae Basal leaves deeply lobed

*Collomia grandiflora* large flowered collomia Polemoniaceae

*Lonicera involucrata* Twinberry honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae Flowers orange/yellow; berries almost black

*Senecio flaccidus var. douglasii* Shrub ragwort Asteraceae Leaves thread-like SHRUB Rays 8, 13 or 21

*Poa bulbosa* bulbous blue grass Poaceae densely cespitose ST base bulbous

*Cornus nuttallii* pacific dogwood CORNACEAE

*Sonchus oleraceus* Common sow thistle Asteraceae Spined margins of leaves tend to be shorter than on *S. asper*

*Cephalanthus occidentalis* Button willow Rubiaceae

*Cakile maritima* sea rocket Brassicaceae

*Spartium junceum* Spanish broom Fabaceae

*Distichlis spicata* salt grass Poaceae

*Diplacus aurantiacus* Bush monkeyflower Phrymaceae FL 2-4/node LVS entire to serrate More 'leggy' than *D. longiflorus*

*Triteleia laxa* Ithuriel's spear Themidaceae

*Blennosperma nanum* common stickyseed Asteraceae

*Ribes malvaceum* chaparral currant Grossulariaceae Sepals pink to purple INFL open 10-25 flowered FR purple glaucous and glandular

*Pseudognaphalium bioletti* bi-colored everlasting Asteraceae Opposing LF faces contrasting in color Sharply scented Phyllaries white to pink

Botany Flashcards

(1506 cards)