Brachial Plexus

Question 1

Organization
(R-ugby T-eams D-rink C-old B-eer)

Answer 1

Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Branches

Question 2

Lateral cord branches
(Rugby players are L-ong L-egged M-overs)

Answer 2

Lateral pectoral nerve
Lateral root of median nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 3

Medial cord branches
(Rugby players M-ake M-any M-oves U-sing M-uscles)

Answer 3

Medial cutaneous brachial nerve
Medial cutaneous antebrachial nerve
Medial pectoral nerve
Ulnar nerve
Median root of median nerve

Question 4

Posterior cord branches
(Rugby players are ULTRA competitive)

Answer 4

Upper subscapular nerve
Lower subscapular nerve
Thoracodorsal nerve
Radial nerve
Axillary nerve

Question 5

Nerve lesions
DR. CUMA

Answer 5

Dropped wrist = Radial nerve lesion
Claw hand = Ulnar nerve lesion
Ape hand = Median nerve lesion

Question 6

Brachial Plexus Roots on Spine

Answer 6

Ventral rami C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 (C5 - T1)

Question 7

What does the rami converge to form?

Answer 7

Trunks

Question 8

What happens to the trunks?

Answer 8

They subsequently split into divisions

Question 9

The divisions merge into ____.

Answer 9

Cords of the brachial plexus

Question 10

The cords of the brachial plexus form ____ .

Answer 10

Terminal branches of the brachial plexus

Question 11

The 5 Terminal Branches Innervations to UE are ________________.

Answer 11

Axillary
Musculocutaneous
Median
Radial
Ulnar

Sensorimotor innervation to arm and hand

Question 12

The 3 Cords are labeled ____.

Answer 12

Lateral
Medial
Posterior

Question 13

The LATERAL cord gives rise to what preterminal branches?

Answer 13

Lateral pectoral nerve
Lateral root of median nerve

Also to the Musculocutaneous nerve of the brachial plexus.

Question 14

The Lateral pectoral nerve originating from the Lateral cord carry fibers of ________.

Answer 14

C5, C6, and C7 spinal nerves.

Through the anastomoses with the medial pectoral nerves, the lateral nerves participate in the innervation of the pectoralis minor muscle.

Question 15

The Lateral root of median nerve originating from the Lateral cord has a short branch and is one of two roots of the median nerve. It quickly merges with the ________, a branch of the _____ to form the median nerve.

Answer 15

Medial root; Medial cord

Question 16

The Musculocutaneous nerve is a ________ of the Lateral cord of the brachial plexus, carrying fibers of _____. A mixed nerve that provides both ___ and ______ supply to the upper limb.

Answer 16

Terminal branch; C5-C7 ; both motor and sensory.

Question 17

The ____ fibers of the musculocutaneous nerve innervate the muscles of the anterior arm, namely the BICEPS brachii, CORAcobrachialis, and BRACHialis muscle.

Answer 17

Motor

Question 18

The ____ fibers of the musculocutaneous nerve innervate the skin over the lateral surface of the FOREARM via the LATERAL cutaneous nerve of the forearm.

Answer 18

Sensory

Question 19

The MEDIAL cord gives off which FIVE nerves of the terminal branch?

Answer 19

Medial pectoral nerve
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
Medial root of median nerve
Ulnar nerve

Question 20

The Medial pectoral nerves arise from the medial cord of the brachial plexus, containing fibers ______.

Answer 20

C8 and T1 spinal nerves.

This nerve provides motor innervation to the pectoralis minor muscle and the lower sternocostal part of the pectoralis major muscle.

Question 21

The Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (AKA medial cutaneous nerve of the arm) arises from the medial cord containing fibers ______.

Answer 21

C8 and T1 spinal nerves.

This nerve provides sensory innervation to the SKIN of the inferior portion of the medial side of the arm.

Question 22

The Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (AKA medial cutaneous nerve of the FOREARM) arises from the medial cord containing fibers ______.

Answer 22

T1 spinal nerve.

This nerve provides sensory innervation to the SKIN of the ARM overlying the biceps brachii, and the skin of the medial side of the forearm.

Question 23

The Medial root of the median nerve is the second source of the median nerve. It ______ with the above mentioned lateral root to form the trunk of the median nerve.

Answer 23

Merges

Question 24

The Ulnar nerve is a terminal branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus that contains fibers ______.

Answer 24

C8 and T1 spinal nerve.

Similar to the median nerve, the ulnar nerve is a mixed nerve that supplies motor and sensory innervation to the FOREARM and HAND.

Question 25

The Ulnar nerves provides motor supply to ____________.

Answer 25

The remaining forearm muscles are not supplied by the median nerve: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris, medial 1/2 of the flexor digitorum profundus All intrinsic muscles of the hand, except for the LOAF muscles (Lateral two Lumbricals, Opponens pollicis, ABductor pollicis brevis and Flexor pollicis brevis).

Question 26

The ulnar nerve provides ______. To where?

Answer 26

Sensory supply (1) Skin on the anterior and posterior aspect of the medial 1/2 of the palm. (2) Skin on the anterior and posterior aspect of the medial 1 1/2 fingers

Question 27

The ulnar nerve supplies the HILA muscles of the hand (H.I.L.A.)

Answer 27

Hypothenar muscles (Opponens digiti minimi, Flexor digiti minimi brevis, and ABductor digiti minimi) Interossei muscles (dorsal and palmar interossei) Lumbricals (medical two) Adductor pollicis

Question 28

The POSTERIOR cord gives rise to what Terminal Branches?

Answer 28

Subscapular Thoracodorsal Axillary nerves Also the radial nerve (another terminal branch)

Question 29

The Subscapular nerves (both superior and inferior arise in the posterior cord) carry the fibers ______.

Answer 29

C5 spinal nerve. The superior subscapular nerve innervates the superior portion of the subscapularis muscle. The inferior subscapular nerve innervates the rest of the subscapularis muscle, as well as the teres major muscle.

Question 30

The Thoracodorsal nerve arises from the posterior cord and carries the fibers ______.

Answer 30

C7 and C8 spinal nerve. This nerve provides motor innervation to the latissimus dorsi muscle.

Question 31

The Axillary nerve is one of the terminal branches of the posterior cord and carries the fibers ______.

Answer 31

C5 and C6 spinal nerves. This nerve is a mixed nerve that provides both motor and sensory innervation to the shoulder region. The axillary nerve supplies the deltoid and teres muscle, as well as the skin over the deltoid muscle.

Question 32

The Radial nerve is the second terminal branches of the posterior cord and contain fibers ______.

Answer 32

C5 - T1 spinal nerves. This nerve is a mixed nerve that provides motor and sensory innervation to the ARM and FOREARM.

Question 33

The Radial nerve provides motor supply to the following: ______. To where?

Answer 33

Motor supply (1) Posterior compartment of the ARM: Triceps brachii muscle. (2) Posterior compartment of the FOREARM: Brachioradialis, Anconeus, Supinator, Extensor carpi radialis longus / Brevis, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor digitorm, Extensor pollicis longus / Brevis, Extensor indicis, Extensor digiti minimi, and abductor pollicis longus

Question 34

The Radial nerve provides Sensory supply to the following: ______. To where?

Answer 34

Sensory supply (1) Skin on the posterior surface of the arm. (2) Skin on the central, posterior surface of the forearm. (3) Skin on the lateral surface of the dorsum of the hand. (4) Skin on the posterior aspect of the lateral 2 1/2 fingers.

Question 35

Formed by the merger of two roots that arise from the lateral and medial cord of the brachial plexus.

Answer 35

Median nerve

Question 36

Which root of median nerve is a terminal branch of the lateral cord?

Answer 36

The lateral root

Question 37

Which root of median nerve is a terminal branch of the medial cord?

Answer 37

The medial root

Question 38

____ nerve courses over the entire upper limb and terminates in the hand by dividing into its terminal branches. It is a mixed nerve that provides motor and sensory innervation to several regions of the forearm and hand.

Answer 38

The Median nerve

Question 39

The median nerve provides motor supply to the following: ______. To where?

Answer 39

Motor supply (1) All muscles of the anterior (flexor) compartment of the forearm except for the Flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial 1/2 of the Flexor digitorum profundus. (2) All thenar muscles (ABductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis brevis, and Opponens pollicis), EXCEPT for the ADDuctor pollicis. (3) Two lateral lumbrical muscles.

Question 40

The median nerve provides Sensory supply to the following: ______. To where?

Answer 40

Sensory supply (1) Skin of the lateral 1/2 of the palm. (2) Skin on the anterior aspect of the lateral 3 1/2 fingers. (3) Skin on the posterior aspect of the lateral 2 1/2 fingers.

Question 41

The median nerve supplies L.O.A.F. muscles of the hand.

Answer 41

Lateral two lumbricals Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 42

This given name for a typical upper brachial plexus injury involving spinal nerve roots C5 and C6.

Answer 42

Erb- Duchenne palsy

Question 43

This name is what affects the lower roots of the brachial plexus (C8, T1).

Answer 43

Klumpke-Dejerine palsy

Question 44

Formed also from roots of the C5-C6 spinal nerves, innervates the deltoid muscle.

Answer 44

The axillary nerve

Question 45

Seen in ____ palsy, the most commonly affected nerves are the suprascapular, musculocutaneous, and axillary nerve.

Answer 45

Erb's palsy

Question 46

In Erb's palsy, the patient typically presents with loss of sensation in the arm and paralysis and atrophy of the ____________, ________, and ________.

Answer 46

Deltoid, Biceps, and Brachialis muscles.

Question 47

Characterized by: 1) Arm hangs loosely by the side and is rotated medially 2) Forearm is extended and pronated 3) The arm cannot be elevated from the side 4) The elbow cannot be flexed 5) The forearm cannot be supinated voluntarily

Answer 47

The position of the limb in Erb's palsy

Question 48

Upper limb from Erb's palsy is referred to as a "waiter's tip position" SU-zy and SU-zane IN BRAs D-rinking B-eers

Answer 48

Supinator Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Brachialis Deltoid Biceps