Brain

Question 1

cerebrum

Answer 1

the largest division of the brain.

divided into 2 hemispheres each further divided into 6 lobes

Question 2

cerebral cortex?

Answer 2

the outermost layer of gray matter making up superficial aspect of cerebrum

Question 3

cerebral features

Answer 3

1,. GYRU: elevated ridges “winding around brain”

2. SULCI: small grooves dividing the gyro
3. FISSURES: deep grooves, generally dividing large regions, lobes

Question 4

type of sulci

Answer 4

CENTRAL SULCUS/FISSUE:

divides frontal lobe from parietal lobe

Question 5

3 types of fissures

Answer 5

1. LONGITUDINAL F: divides 2 cerebral hemispheres
2. TRANSVERSE F: sep cerebrum from cerebellum
3. SYLVIAN/ LATERAL F: fdivides temporal lobe from frontal and parietal lobes

Question 6

sep parietal and occipital lobe

Answer 6

parieto-occipital fissure

Question 7

Functions of lobes

Answer 7

1. FRONTAL: motor skills, decision making
2. PARIETAL: senses and self awareness
3. TEMPORAL: hearing- comprehension of language- memory
4. OCCIPITAL: processing of visual information
5. LIMBIC L: emotions
6. INSULAR LOBE: consciousness- inetroceptive perception

Question 8

what is the diencephalon?

Answer 8

1. paired structure
2. located between brainstem and cerebral hemisphere
3. cont with rostral part of midbrain
4. forms lateral wall of 3rd ventricle
5. almost entirely surrounded by cerrebral hemispheres
6. a little part seen externally on base of brain includes:
   - infundibulum
   - coptic chiasm
   - tuber cinereum
   - maxillary bodies
7. other parts seen on sagittal and coronals sections

Question 9

what subdivides the diencephalon on the medial side?

Answer 9

the hypothalamic sulcus

-DORSAL PART: tahlamus and epithalamus
VENTRAL PARTS: subthalamus & hypothalamus

Question 10

3 major divisions of brain stem:

Answer 10

midbrain
pons
medulla

Question 11

contents of brainstem

Answer 11

1. sensory ascending pathways (dorsal) : relay nuclei, tracts
2. motor descending pathways (ventral)- tracts, motor nuclei brainstem
3. cerebellar pathways- tracts , cerebellar afferent and efferent nuclei
4. Cranial nerve sensory and motor tracts- cranial nerve nuclei, nerve entry and exit ponts
5. CPGS:rythmiic chewing, respiration, cardiovascular regulation and gain adjustments for reflexes
6. modulatory systems: locus coeruleus, raphe, and substantia niga- chemically coded nuclei